application of poly lactic acid
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Application of Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) in
Medical Textile
Submitted by:
Zakariya Zubair
13-NTU-6025
Submitted to:
Dr Tanveer Hussain
Department of Advance Material Engineering
National Textile University
Faisalabad
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Poly lactic acid applications
Global market
Global Poly Lactic Acid market is expected to reach US$2.6 billion by 2016 at a Compounded
Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 28%, globally. Region-wise analysis shows that Asia-Pacific isforecasted to record the highest growth rate of 29.3% during the analysis period 2011-2016.
Europe follows Asia-Pacific with a CAGR of 28.9%. The Americas forecasts to drive the global
market with a 27.3%. Volume based studies reveal that the maximum share of growth rate is
expected from Asia-Pacific region. Comparing the end-user industries, textiles and electronics
are going to be the major supporters of this market.
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Apllication of PLA in madiacal textile
Nerve regeneration
Conductive polymer materials for controlled release
Wet fibre spinning to produce micro-dimensional structure
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The bio-synthetic cell culture platform
Al igned platform
(2.18min) Scale bar = 500m
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Scale bar = 50m
Mul ti- functional conducting biocompatible wet-spun f ibres
Incorporation and controlled release of antibiotic from conducting fibre Novel conducting fibre materials for muscle regeneration
Mul ticomponent conducting fibres
SEM images of PEDOT:PSS/ Chitosan base wet-spun fibre coated with PPy doped withciprofloxacin
Antibacterial activity of fibres alone A and antibiotic released under stimulation B
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Mul ticomponent Conducting F ibres
Muscle regeneration
Muscle diseases Damage due to trauma Grow / replace muscle tissue
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Muscle Regeneration
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Muscle cell growth
3D Pri nting
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Osteochondral Fractures
3D scaffol d and Stem cell therapy for OC Repair
Small pellets of ASC have formed on the scaffold
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Epi lepsy Detection and Contr ol
Epilepsy is the most common serious neurological illness after stroke. About 1% of the population affected by recurrent seizures. (30% untreatable) 5% will have seizures during their life.
Cur rent Treatments
Anti Convulsant Drugs Electrical Stimulation
Electrospinning Polymer Drug Delivery Structures
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Sur face Focus I ni tiated Epi lepsy
Detection electrodes continuously record brain activity over an identified epilepsy fociregion.
The CPU/power supply contains suitable battery and electronics that process the brainactivity.
When brain activity exceeds pre-set thresholds the electronics interpret this as an epilepsyevent and triggers the power source to supply an appropriate electrical stimulation to the
drug containing composite to initiate drug delivery.
When the brain activity returns within the threshold the electrical stimulation is removedand drug delivery stops.
Tissue engineer ingPolymers have great design flexibility because their composition and structure can be tailored to
meet specific needs. Degradable polymers frequently used for tissue engineering applications are
linear aliphatic polyesters such as PGA, PLA, and their copolymers (PLGA), which are
fabricated intoscaffolds. These polymers are among the few synthetic polymers approved by the
FDA for human clinical applications.
I n vitr o cell culture studies
Neonatal mouse cerebellum C17-2 stem cells were cultured over PLLA porous scaffold preparedfrom liquidliquid phase separation method. Before cell seeding, the scaffold samples were
treated as follows: The fabricated nano-fibrous scaffolds were stuck onto coverslips (diameter,
13 mm) by medical grade silicon adhesive in the curing condition for 12 h at room temperature.
The scaffolds were sterilized by autoclaving at 120C for 20 min and then transferred to 24-well
culture plates. The scaffold samples were pre-wetted with 70% ethanol for the minimum period
of 30 min in order to penetrate the PBS and cell culture medium into the pores. Then the samples
were rinsed three times with PBS solution and incubated in serum free culture medium
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DMEM/F- 12 1:1 mixture at 37C. C17-2 cells were maintained in DMEM culture medium
supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum, 5% horse serum and 1% penicillinstreptomycin as
well. The cells were split into 1:2 every 2 days. Before seeding C17-2 cells onto the nano-fibrous
PLLA scaffold, cells were detached from the cell culture flask and viable cells were counted by
trypan blue assay. Then the cells were seeded onto the nano-fibrous scaffolds inside a 24-well
plate with the density of 5104 per well in the culture medium of DMEM/F12 containing N-2supplement.
Schematic diagram of the nano-f ibrous scaffold fabri cation and in vi tro cell
culture
Del ivery systems
There has long been a desire to achieve the targeted delivery of bioactive compounds to areas in
the body to maximize therapeutic potential and minimize side-effects. Many types of particles
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have been tested as delivery tools for biomedical applications such as liposomes, solid lipid
nanoparticles, and biodegradable polyesters like PLA and PLGA. With its excellent
biocompatibility, biodegradability, mechanical strength, heat processability, and solubility in
organic solvents, PLA can be used to produce dosage forms such as pellets, microcapsules,
microparticles (MP), nanoparticles (NP), etc. MP and NP of PLA, modified or unmodified, are
increasingly investigated for sustained release and targeted drug, peptide/protein, and RNA/DNAdelivery applications because of their small size enabling their permeation through biological
barriers such as the blood-brain barrier. Although PLA-based materials such as PLGA have been
FDA-approved and are clinically available, they lack chemical functionalities to facilitate
specific cell interactions.
I nvestigations on PLA-based material as drug delivery systems
Material Application Results
PLA-PEGparticles
Carrier for tetanustoxoid
Enhanced transport acrossthe rat nasal mucosa
PEG-PLA NP Conjugated withlactoferrin (Lf)
Increased uptake of the Lf-NP by bEnd.3 cells
PLA-b-Pluronicb-PLA
Carrier for oralinsulin
Good control over bloodglucose concentration
PLA NP Carrier for HIVp24 proteins
Induced seric and mucosalantibody production
Surfactant-freePLA NP
Carrier for HIVp24 proteins
Elicited strong CTL responseand cytokine release
PLA
microspheres
Carrier for
paclitaxel
Reduced inflammation of
arthritis rabbit modelPEO-PLAcopolymers
Carrier for 5-FUand paclitaxel
Complete drug release
PLA-PEG-PLAcopolymer
Carrier for 5-FUand paclitaxel
Good control over the release
PLAmicrospheres
Carrier fornimesulide
Initial burst followed by anexponential decrease
PEGylated PLANP
Gene deliverysystems
Improved transfectionactivity
PLA-PEG-PLAcopolymer
Carrier for 5-FUand paclitaxel
Good control over the release
AP-PEGPLA/MPEG-PAE
Drug carrier forcancer therapy
Presented high tumorspecifictargeting ability
PLGA/PEI NP Carrier forluciferase siRNA
Effective silencing of thegene in cells
cNGR-PEG-PLANP
Carrier for DNA Rapid and efficientnanoparticle internalization
DMAB coatedPLGA NP
Loaded withplasmid DNA
Improved transfection efficiency
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References
1. www.engineersaustralia.org.au/advancesinmedicalbionics-moulton-292. www.slideshare.net/polylactic-acid-pla-a-global-market-watch-2011-20163. www.elsevier.com/locate/biomaterias4. www.sciencedirect.com5. C.Y. Xua, R. S. Ramakrishna. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National
University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
6. C.Y. Xua, R. M. Kotakib, S. Ramakrishna. Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative,National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
7. R. Inaic, S. Ramakrishna. Division of Bioengineering, National University of Singapore,9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576, Singapore
8. F. Yang, R. Murugan, S. Ramakrishna. Biomaterials Laboratory, Division ofBioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering
Drive 1, Singapore 117-576, Singapore.9. R. Murugan, S. Ramakrishna. Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Initiative, National
University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
10.X. Wang, Y.-X. Mac, S. Wang. Molecular and Bio-Materials Cluster, Institute ofMaterials Research and Engineering, 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602, Singapore.
http://www.engineersaustralia.org.au/advancesinmedicalbionics-moulton-29http://www.engineersaustralia.org.au/advancesinmedicalbionics-moulton-29http://www.slideshare.net/polylactic-acid-pla-a-global-market-watch-2011-2016http://www.slideshare.net/polylactic-acid-pla-a-global-market-watch-2011-2016http://www.elsevier.com/locate/biomateriashttp://www.elsevier.com/locate/biomateriashttp://www.sciencedirect.com/http://www.sciencedirect.com/http://www.sciencedirect.com/http://www.elsevier.com/locate/biomateriashttp://www.slideshare.net/polylactic-acid-pla-a-global-market-watch-2011-2016http://www.engineersaustralia.org.au/advancesinmedicalbionics-moulton-29
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