apcs lab 4

Westfield High School

APCS LAB 4

Parameters, apvectors,

structs

A C++ program# includes //function declarations(with brief comment)

//function definitions (with preconditions and postconditions)

int main()

void function1()

int function2()

# includes //function declarations int a,b;//function definitions

int main()

void function1()

int function2(int b)int a,c;

int a, c, d;

int a,d,e;

global ‘a’ not accessible here

global variables - accessibleeverywhere (almost)

global ‘a’ not accessible here

global ‘a’,’b’ not accessiblehere

# includes //function declarationsint a,b;//function definitionsint main()

void function1()

int function2(int b)int a,c;

int a, c, d;

int a,d,e;

How do I refer to the global ‘a’ ?

Why do some functions haveempty parameter lists?

How do I return more than one value?

functions with no argumentsfunctions with no arguments

void menu()

cout << “directions appear here” <<endl;

function overloadingfunction overloading

int max(int a, int b)

if (a > b)

return(a);

return(b);

double max(double a, double b)

if (a > b)

return(a);

return(b);

Call-by-reference parameters‘remembering’ more than one valueCall-by-reference parameters‘remembering’ more than one value

void swap(int &a, int &b)

int temp;

temp = a;

a = b;

b = temp;

}(pg 39)

int max(int a, int b)

if (a > b )

return(a);

return(b);

#include <iostream.h>

int a=1,

void dog (int a,int &b);

int main()

cout <<a<<" "<<b<<" "<<endl;

dog(a,b);

cout <<a<<" "<<b<<" "<<endl;

return(0);

void dog(int a,int &b)

a = 5;

b = 6;

cout <<a<<" "<<b<<" "<<endl;

precondition: what is needed for the function to do its intended task ?

postcondition : what is returned if precondition is satisfied?

apvectorsapvectors

Quick Reference in Appendix A member functions

• length()• resize()

const reference parameters instead of call by value

SORTSn2

BUBBLE SELECTION INSERTION

LAB 4 ASSIGNMENTLAB 4 ASSIGNMENT

Sorts (#1)• sortall.cpp, the client program (written)• sorts.h, the function declarations (written)• sorts.cpp, the implementation (YOU MUST

WRITE)

STRUCTSSTRUCTS

Structs are like simplified classes By default, all data and functions are public. A struct generally has

• no member functions• only data• no private stuff

An ExampleAn Example

structemployType

{apstring fname;

apstring lname;

bool creditRisk;

int age;

double income;

USEUSE

employType faculty;

faculty.fname = “sue”;

faculty.lname = “smith”;

faculty.creditRisk = false;

faculty.age = 21;

faculty.income = 38000.00;

Why use structs???Why use structs???

structures data keeps information about 1 employee in one

place can manipulate employee (or a list of

employees) easily

another example...another example...

struct studentnode

int id;

apstring first;

apstring last;

apvector<int> grades;

bool sports;

int main()

apvector <studentnode> apcs(10);

int num;

int count=0;

apstring s;

ifstream instream ("f:\\trees\\studinfo.txt");

if (instream.fail())

cout <<"failed"<<endl;

cout<<"\tStudent ID#"<<"\t";

cout <<"Student Name"<<"\t"<<"GPA"<<endl;

out<<"\t==========="<<"\t============”

<<"\t==="<<endl;

111annsmith3.5222joejones3.24333amyjohnson2.86

while (instream>>num )

apcs[count].id = num;

instream>>apcs[count].first;

instream>>apcs[count].last;

instream>>apcs[count].gpa;

apcs[count].sports = false;

cout<<setiosflags(ios::showpoint|ios::fixed);

cout<<setprecision(1);

cout<<"\t"<<setw(8)<<apcs[count].id;

cout<<"\t"<<apcs[count].first" ;cout "<<apcs[count].last<<"\

t"<<apcs[count].gpa<<endl;

cout<<endl;

count++;

} return(0);

111annsmith3.5222joejones3.24333amyjohnson2.86

apvector of structsapvector of structs

student records employee records medical records sports statistics basketball teams...............

CELTICS :::::

# fname lname position PPG

07 Kenny Anderson guard 12.1

08 Antoine Walker guard 18.7

34 Paul Pierce forward 16.5

40 Tony Battie center 10.0

05 Ron Mercer guard 17.0

Celtics assignmentCeltics assignment

Read info from file celtics. fill array of structs. jersey # is not a field...it is the index of the

array element. Print team info in good format for the user.

celticsceltics 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Walter

McCarty

Mercer

Popeye

what does

look like

structs with initializer listsstructs with initializer lists

Struct StudentType{StudentType(); //constructor member functionapstring last;apstring first;char initial;int class;GenderType gender;apvector<int> grades;}

Using initializer listsUsing initializer lists

StudentType::StudentType()

:grades(10,-1)//grades initialized to 10 items each storing -1.

Might want to look at struct3.cppMight want to look at struct3.cpp

initializer list for constructor of structstruct studentnode

int id;

apstring first;

apstring last;

double gpa;

bool sports;

studentnode(int num = 0, apstring f = "some first name", apstring l = "some last name", double g = 0.0, bool s = true):

id(num), first(f), last(l), gpa(g), sports(s)

celticsceltics 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Walter

McCarty

Mercer

Popeye

Celtics assignmentCeltics assignment Ask user to enter 5 jersey numbers. Inform user if team chosen if valid team (2 guards, 2

forwards, 1 center) User should be able to enter as many teams as he/she

wishes. invalid teams:

• guards<>2, center<>1,forwards<>2• player on team more than once• invalid jersey number entered

After we have our apvector of celtics…

What does a “team” look like???

team ???team ???

Anderson

apvector<playernode> ?

team ???team ???

apvector<int> ?

CELTICSCELTICS

Efficient check

Inefficient check

AquaFish revisitedAquaFish revisited

Keep a record of how many times each position in the fish tank was occupied by your fish.

• add to your aquafish private parts– apvector<int> myPositionCounts

Print frequency distribution for a vector of aquafish

Our fish’s next experience with an apvector will be keeping a record of how many times each position in the fish tank was occupied by each of the fish in an apvector. Recall that our fish tank is represented by a number line of positions 0 to (tankSize – 1).

Fish# Position Hits 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 1 2 5 7 4 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 4 6 5 4 1 3 1 2 1 3 7 5 1 0 0 0 4 5 7 2 1 2 2 1 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 7 6 3 6 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 8 7 7 5 6 2 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 2 4 4 4 3 2 1 0 0

Tanksize = 10Steps in this simulation = 20Number of fish in this simulation = 8

Modifications:Modifications: Change aquafish.h and aquafish.cpp so that there is

one default constructor requiring no parameters. Add a constant, TANKSIZE = 10 to aquafish.cpp Add a private data field to aquaFish.h

apvector<int> myPositionCounts . This vector will hold the frequency of position hits for one aquafish.

Add a void member function to print, in an appropriate format, the position counts of an aquafish : void PrintPositionCounts();

ModificationsModifications

Add a void public member function, TankSize() that will return an Aquafish’s tanksize.

Set mydebugging to false Revise aquamain.cpp so that a sample run similar to

the one given will result. Notice that the constant TANKSIZE for this simulation was set to 10. There were 8 fish in the simulation (numbered 1-8). There were 20 steps in the simulation so that if you sum the elements of each fish’s positionCount vector, the result is 20.

pages 20-38 in your labbook

MBCS pages 1-18

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