ap world history review important people, places, & things#1 –king louis xiv created an...

A P W O R LD

AP World History ReviewImportant People, Places, & Things

D E TE R M IN E TH E F A M O U S F O U N D E R O R B U ILD E R B A S E D U P O N TH E IN F O R M A TI O N .

Round 1: Who Am I?Important Founders & State

Builders

Famous Founder & State Builder #1

Created an absolute monarchy in France

Considered the epitome of

absolute monarchy

Nicknamed the Sun King

Built a lavish palace at Versailles

Practiced mercantilism

Made France one of Europe’s wealthiest nations

#1 – King Louis XIV

Created an absolute monarchy in France

Considered the epitome of

absolute monarchy

Nicknamed the Sun King

Built a lavish palace at Versailles

Practiced mercantilism

Made France one of Europe’s wealthiest nations

Expanded the Mughal Empire

Promoted religious tolerance between Muslims and Hindus

Eliminated the jizya on

Hindus

Tolerated Jesuit missionaries

Attempted social reforms to benefit women

Supported the arts

#2 – Akbar the Great

Expanded the Mughal Empire

Promoted religious tolerance between Muslims and Hindus

Eliminated the jizya on

Muslims

Tolerated Jesuit missionaries

Attempted social reforms to benefit women

Supported the arts

Lived in China during the Warring States Period

Promoted social harmony through proper relationships

Five Relationships

Filial Piety

Teachings became the political and social foundations of Chinese society

#3 – Confucius

Lived in China during the Warring States Period

Promoted social harmony through proper relationships

Five Relationships

Filial Piety

Teachings became the political and social foundations of Chinese society

Pilgrimage to Mecca brought attention to the wealth of the Mali Empire

Mali controlled trans-

Saharan trade route

Built capital at Timbuktu

Built mosques and schools to promote Islam

#4 – Mansa Musa

Pilgrimage to Mecca brought attention to the wealth of the Mali Empire

Mali controlled trans-

Saharan trade route

Built capital at Timbuktu

Built mosques and schools to promote Islam

Expanded the Mauryan Empire

Built roads and inns to encourage trade

Converted to Buddhism after the battle of Kalinga

Encouraged the spread of Buddhism to central Asia and southeast Asia

Built pillars with inscriptions to explain laws & history

#5 – Ashoka

Expanded the Mauryan Empire

Built roads and inns to encourage trade

Converted to Buddhism after the battle of Kalinga

Encouraged the spread of Buddhism to central Asia and southeast Asia

Built pillars with inscriptions to explain laws & history

Ruled the eastern portion of the Roman Empire

Attempted to rebuild the Roman Empire through military conquest

Rebuilt Constantinople

Built Hagia Sophia

Wife Theodora was very influential

Codified Roman law

#6 – Justinian

Ruled the eastern portion of the Roman Empire

Attempted to rebuild the glory of the Rome by military conquest

Rebuilt Constantinople

Built Hagia Sophia

Wife Theodora was very influential

Codified Roman law

Considered by believers to be the last prophet of Allah

Allah’s revelations to him

were recorded in the Quran

Teaching and sayings were recorded in the Hadiths

Converted and unified the Arab people prior to his death

#7 – Muhammad

Considered by believers to be the last prophet of Allah

Allah’s revelations to him

were recorded in the Quran

Teaching and sayings were recorded in the Hadith

Converted and unified the Arab people prior to his death

Created an autocratic government based on Legalism.

Unified China’s Warring States establishing the Qin Dynasty.

Built a tomb filled with more than 8,000 terra-cotta soldiers.

Began construction on the Great Wall of China.

#7 – Qin Shi Huang Di

Created an autocratic government based on Legalism.

Unified China’s Warring States establishing the Qin Dynasty.

Built a tomb filled with more than 8,000 terra-cotta soldiers.

Began construction on the Great Wall of China.

First Roman emperor to convert to Christianity, being baptized on his deathbed.

He called the First Council of Nicaea in 325 to create a consensus on Christian doctrines.

Church of the Holy Sepulchrewas built on his orders at the purported site of Jesus’ tomb.

He built a new imperial residence at Byzantium, and later named this city after himself. It became the capital of the Roman and Byzantine Empires for more than a thousand years.

#8- Constantine I

First Roman emperor to convert to Christianity, being baptized on his deathbed.

He called the First Council of Nicaea in 325 to create a consensus on Christian doctrines.

Church of the Holy Sepulchrewas built on his orders at the purported site of Jesus’ tomb.

He built a new imperial residence at Byzantium, and later named this city after himself. It became the capital of the Roman and Byzantine Empires for more than a thousand years.

Born Temujin in 1162.

United many of the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia.

Founder and first Great Khan of the Mongol Empire.

Initiated the creation of the largest contiguous empire in history.

Began the invasion of China.

Campaigns were often accompanied by large-scale massacres of civilian populations.

Is still venerated in Mongolia.

#9- Genghis Khan

Born Temujin in 1162.

United many of the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia.

Founder and first Great Khan of the Mongol Empire.

Initiated the creation of the largest contiguous empire in history.

Began the invasion of China.

Campaigns were often accompanied by large-scale massacres of civilian populations.

Is still venerated in Mongolia.

Longest reigning Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1520-1566).

Presided over the “Golden Age” of the Ottoman Empire.

Personally led armies conquering Christian strongholds in Greece and Hungary, before his conquests were halted at the Siege of Vienna (Austria) in 1529.

Under his rule, the Ottoman fleet dominated the Mediterranean.

Instituted many reforms in government, education, taxation, and criminal law, earning him the nickname “The Lawgiver.”

Culture and learning flourished in coffeeshops.

#10- Suleyman “The Magnificent”

Longest reigning Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1520-1566).

Presided over the “Golden Age” of the Ottoman Empire.

Personally led armies conquering Christian strongholds in Greece and Hungary, before his conquests were halted at the Siege of Vienna (Austria) in 1529.

Under his rule, the Ottoman fleet dominated the Mediterranean.

Instituted many reforms in government, education, taxation, and criminal law, earning him the nickname “The Lawgiver.”

Culture and learning flourished in coffeeshops.

Prominent Athenian statesman, orator and general.

Referred to as “the first citizen of Athens.”

Initiated the building of the Parthenon as part of projects to beautiful Athens.

Best known for the “Funeral Oration,” a famous speech as part of the annual public funeral for the war dead during the Peloponnesian War.

In speech, he glorified Athens’ political system, referring to it as “democracy,” because it was governed by “not the few, but the many.”

#11- Pericles

Famous Revolutionary #1

Proposed reforms for the Catholic Church in his Ninety-five Theses

Revolutionary ideas

Believed faith alone would

get people into heaven

The Bible was the final source for Christian teachings

Printing press spread his ideas across Northern Europe

#1 – Martin Luther

Proposed reforms for the Catholic Church in his Ninety-five Theses

Revolutionary ideas

Believed faith alone would

get people into heaven

The Bible was the final source for Christian teachings

Printing press spread his ideas across Northern Europe

Born in India in the 6th

century BCE

Member of the warrior caste

Claimed to be “the enlightened one”

Revolutionary ideas

Ultimate goal is nirvana

Anybody of any caste or gender could achieve nirvana

Four Noble Truths

Eightfold Path

#2 – Buddha (Siddhartha Gautama)

Born in India in the 6th

century BCE

Member of the warrior caste

Claimed to be “the enlightened one”

Revolutionary ideas

Ultimate goal is nirvana

Anybody of any caste or gender could achieve nirvana

Four Noble Truths

Eightfold Path

Born in Palestine during the 1st century BCE

Attempted to reform Judaism

Revolutionary ideas

Only two commandments

Love God; Love your neighbor

Followers believed he was the son of God

Called him the Messiah

Crucified for his teachings

#3 – Jesus of Nazareth

Born in Palestine during the 1st century BCE

Attempted to reform Judaism

Revolutionary ideas

Only two commandments

Love God; Love your neighbor

Followers believed he was the son of God

Called him the Messiah

Crucified for his teachings

English mathematician and physicist

Revolutionary ideas

Laws of the heavens are true

on Earth

Universal gravity

Three laws of motion

Made significant discoveries in optics & calculus

Influenced deism

#4 – Isaac Newton

English mathematician and physicist

Revolutionary ideas

Laws of the heavens are true

on Earth

Universal gravity

Three laws of motion

Made significant discoveries in optics & calculus

Influenced deism

Ottoman Sultan who conquered Constantinople in 1453.

Brought an end to the Byzantine Empire.

Hagia Sophia was turned into a mosque.

Launched a program to beautiful Constantinople, and much was this was done combined Byzantine, Turkish, and Arabic, architectural styles.

#5- Mehmed II, “The Conqueror”

Ottoman Sultan who conquered Constantinople in 1453.

Brought an end to the Byzantine Empire.

Hagia Sophia was turned into a mosque.

Launched a program to beautiful Constantinople, and much was this was done combined Byzantine, Turkish, and Arabic, architectural styles.

Born in the Italian republic of Genoa.

Proposed reaching the East Indies by sailing westward.

This eventually received the support of the Spanish Crown: King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella.

During his first voyage in 1492, he reached the Bahamas, instead of arriving in Japan as he had intended.

His voyages initiated the conquest and colonization of the Americas, shifted the global balance of power towards Europe, and resulted in one of the most impactful cultural exchanges in modern human history.

#6- Christopher Columbus

Born in the Italian republic of Genoa.

Proposed reaching the East Indies by sailing westward.

This eventually received the support of the Spanish Crown: King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella.

During his first voyage in 1492, he reached the Bahamas, instead of arriving in Japan as he had intended.

His voyages initiated the conquest and colonization of the Americas, shifted the global balance of power towards Europe, and resulted in one of the most impactful cultural exchanges in modern human history.

Historian, Catholic missionary, and social reformer.

Is sometimes referred to as the “Protector of the Indians.”

His extensive writings chronicle the first decades of colonization of the West Indies, and focus on the atrocities committed by Spanish colonizers against the indigenous peoples.

In his early writings, he advocated the use of African slaves instead of natives of the West Indies, however later in his he began to see all forms of slavery as equally wrong.

#7- Bartolome de las Casas

Historian, Catholic missionary, and social reformer.

Is sometimes referred to as the “Protector of the Indians.”

His extensive writings chronicle the first decades of colonization of the West Indies, and focus on the atrocities committed by Spanish colonizers against the indigenous peoples.

In his early writings, he advocated the use of African slaves instead of natives of the West Indies, however later in his he began to see all forms of slavery as equally wrong.

Conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire.

Claimed lands for Spain throughout Central America.

Famine and Smallpox devastated the Aztec empire.

#7- Hernan Cortes

ID E N TIF Y TH E R E G IO N B A S E D U P O N H IS TO R IC A L IN F O R M A TI O N .

Round 2: Regions

Events Region

1. Arrival of Islam, caste system, trade cotton textiles

2. Chinampas, human sacrifice, tribute system

3. Mostly Buddhist, arrival of Islam, Hindu temples, spice trade

4. Mummification, mita, quipu

5. Ruled by Vikings, Orthodox Christian, invaded by Mongols

A. East Africa

B. East Asia

C. Eastern Europe

D. Mesoamerica

E. Middle East

F. North America

G. South America

H. South Asia

I. Southeast Asia

J. West Africa

K. Western Europe

Round 2: Post-Classical Regions

Events Region

6. Support Buddhism, feudalism, invaded by Mongols

7. Rise of Islam, attacked by Christians, invaded by Mongols

8. Arrival of Islam, city-states, trade gold and exotic animals

9. Arrival of Islam, trade gold and salt, three major empires

10. Attacked by Arabs and Vikings, feudalism, manorialism

A. East Africa

B. East Asia

C. Eastern Europe

D. Mesoamerica

E. Middle East

F. North America

G. South America

H. South Asia

I. Southeast Asia

J. West Africa

K. Western Europe

Round 2: Post-Classical Regions

Round 2 Answers

1. H South Asia

2. D & F Mesoamerica & North America

3. I Southeast Asia

4. G South America

5. C Eastern Europe

6. B East Asia

7. E Middle East

8. A East Africa

9. J West Africa

10. K Western Europe

AP Regions Map

STUDY THIS MAP!!!You do NOT want to be the student who mixes up the regions on test day.

N A M E TH E S O C IE TY O R R E G IO N TH A T C R E A TE D TH E A R T & A R C H ITE C T U R E S H O W N

O N E A C H S LID E

Round 3: Art & Architecture

Art & Architecture #1

Answers to Art & Architecture(Pictures listed clockwise from upper left)

1. Arabs (Dome of the Rock, Prophets Mosque, cartography, mosaic, calligraphy)

2. France (Palace of Versailles, Notre Dame Cathedral, Arc de Triumph, Impressionist painting)

3. Japan (Osaka castle, samurai painting, Ukioye woodblock painting)

4. Benin or West Africa (Ivory mask, copper sculptures, Portuguese saltcellar)

5. Byzantine Empire (Byzantine mosaic, Hagia Sophia, the Hippodrome, mosaics of Justinian & Jesus)

6. Mughal Empire (Taj Mahal, Mughal paintings, Mughal fort, Akbar’s tomb)

7. Mesoamerica (Aztec god, Mayan pyramid, Aztec sacrifice, Olmec head)

8. Russia (St. Basil’s Cathedral, Painting of Peter the Great, the Winter Palace, socialist realism)

9. Southeast Asia (Angkor Wat, Cambodian Buddha, bas relief of Vishnu & statues at Angkor Wat)

10. China (Buddhist carvings along the Silk Road, painting of Empress Wu, Song dynasty painting, the Great Wall, Ming porcelain, the Forbidden City)

M A TC H TH E D A TE TO TH E E V E N T

Round 4: Turning-point Dates

1. The American Revolution begins

2. Discovery of the New World

3. End of the Zheng He’s voyages

4. Fall of the Byzantine Empire

5. Fall of the Western Roman Empire

6. First Crusade launched

7. Mongol conquest of Eurasia

8. Rise of Islam

9. Split of the Christian Church

10. Founding of St. Peterburg

A. 476 CE

B. 622 CE

C. 1054 CE

D. 13th century

E. 1433 CE

F. 1453 CE

G. 1492 CE

H. 1095 CE

I. 1775 CE

J. 1703 CE

Round 4: Turning-point Dates

1. The American Revolution begins – I

2. Discovery of the New World – G

3. End of the Zheng He’s voyages – E

4. Fall of the Byzantine Empire – F

5. Fall of the Western Roman Empire – A

6. First Crusade launched – H

7. Mongol conquest of Eurasia – D

8. Rise of Islam – B

9. Split of the Christian Church – C

10. Founding of St. Peterburg – J

A. 476 CE

B. 622 CE

C. 1054 CE

D. 13th century

E. 1433 CE

F. 1453 CE

G. 1492 CE

H. 1095 CE

I. 1775 CE

J. 1703 CE

D E TE R M IN E TH E F A M O U S “ R E V O LU T I O N A R Y” B A S E D U P O N TH E IN F O R M A T I O N .

Round 6: Who Am I?Revolutionaries

Round 8: Miscellaneous Stuff

What disease am I?

Indigenous populations of regions where I was not native, such as the Americans

and Australia, were rapidly decimated, leading to conquest and colonization. Some

believe that the death rate was as high as 90-95% of “New World” populations.

What disease am I

I am an infectious disease with flu-like symptoms, vomiting, and the growth of swollen

and painful lymph nodes. I was mainly spread from infected fleas. Death occurs

typically in 10 days. In the 6th century, I was named after Justinian and killed about

13% of the world’s population. In the 14th century, I killed an estimated 50 million

people, maybe as high as 60% of the population of Europe.

What am I?

I am a political system that combined legal and military customs. I was a way of

structuring society around loyalty, and the exchanges of land for service and labor. I

flourished in both medieval Europe and Japan.

What am I?

I am a lateen-rigged (triangular sail) ship, usually with one mast, used for trade

throughout the Indian Ocean.

What am I?

I am a public academy and intellectual center in Baghdad during the Abbasid

Caliphate. I included a large private library, where the translation of works from

Greek to Arabic. I led to the consistent flow of Persian, Arab, and African scholars to

Baghdad.

What am I?

I was known as Chinese pepper, and spread West across Mongol trade routes. I

greatly helped in the destruction of the “impenetrable” walls of Constantinople, and

the conquest of the Byzantine Empire.

What am I?

I am the process whereby non-Chinese societies come under the influence of

Chinese culture. Evidence of me can be seen in the value systems, cuisine,

architectural styles, and writing scripts of Japan, Korea, and Vietnam.

Answers to Part 8

1. Smallpox

2. Bubonic Plague

3. Feudalism

4. Dhow

5. House of Wisdom

6. Gunpowder

7. Sinification

C H O O S E TH E C O R R E C T R E G IO N (S ) F O R E A C H C O U N TR Y. TH E R E C A N B E M U LTIP LE A N S W E R S .

Round 5: Regions

1. Abbasid Caliphate

2. Han Dynasty

3. Mauryan Dynasty

4. Mali Empire

5. Mongol Empire

6. Ottoman Empire

7. Portuguese Empire

8. Roman Empire

9. Spanish Empire

10. Song Dynasty

A. East Asia

B. Eastern Europe

C. Latin America

D. Middle East

E. North Africa

F. North America

G. South America

H. South Asia

I. Southeast Asia

J. West Africa

K. Western Europe

Round 5: Answers

1. Abbasid Caliphate – D, E

2. Han Dynasty – A, I (Vietnam)

3. Mauryan Dynasty – H

4. Mali Empire – J

5. Mongol Empire – A, B, D

6. Ottoman Empire – B, D, E

7. Portuguese Empire – C, G, H, I, J,K

8. Roman Empire – B, D, E, K

9. Spanish Empire – C, F, G, I, K

10. Song Dynasty - A

A. East Asia

B. East. Europe

C. Latin America

D. Middle East

E. North Africa

F. North America

G. South America

H. South Asia

I. Southeast Asia

J. West Africa

K. West. Europe

Abbasid Caliphate

Han Dynasty

Mauryan Dynasty

Mali Empire

Mongol Empire

Ottoman Empire

Portuguese Empire (Blue)

Roman Empire

Spanish Empire (Red)

Song Dynasty

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