antenna design - review in antenna design, an important design parameter is the wavelength of the em...

Antenna Design - ReviewAntenna Design - Review

In antenna design, an important design In antenna design, an important design parameter is the wavelength of the EM parameter is the wavelength of the EM wavewave

Wavelength is a function of frequencyWavelength is a function of frequency Antenna length is typically either Antenna length is typically either

1.1. 1 wavelength1 wavelength

2.2. ¼ wavelength¼ wavelength

3.3. ½ wavelength½ wavelength

Frequency vs wavelengthFrequency vs wavelength

Wavelength

¼ wavelength

Wavelength CalculationsWavelength Calculations

Wavelength units:Wavelength units: (wavelength) m/cycle(wavelength) m/cycle f (frequency) cycles/sec = hertzf (frequency) cycles/sec = hertz c (speed of light) m/secc (speed of light) m/sec3.0 x 103.0 x 1088

m/secm/sec Wavelength equationWavelength equation

c / fc / f m/cycle = (m/sec) / (cycles/sec) m/cycle = (m/sec) / (cycles/sec)

Sample calculation Find the wavelength of a frequency of

850 MHz

1. Convert 850 MHz to Hz850 MHz = 850 x 106 Hz = 8.50 x 108 Hz

2. Use wavelength equation= c/f where c = speed of light = 3.0 x 108 m/sec

3. 3.x 108 m/sec ) / (8.50 x 108 cycles/sec)4. = .353 m/cycle

Convert to cm gives

5. = 35.3 cm/cycle6. For a ¼ wavelength antenna =

(35.3cm/cycle)/4=8.825cm/cycle

Design CriteriaDesign Criteria• Maximum size 20mm x 20mmMaximum size 20mm x 20mm• Minimum size 10mm x 10mmMinimum size 10mm x 10mm• Can be rectangular – does not have to be squareCan be rectangular – does not have to be square• Lines need to be about 0.5 mm thickLines need to be about 0.5 mm thick• No sharp cornersNo sharp corners• Length must equal wavelength of chosen applicationLength must equal wavelength of chosen application• Must have a picture frame around the design to Must have a picture frame around the design to allow for cutting into individual antennaallow for cutting into individual antenna• No offensive, controversial, sexual, gang sign, etc. No offensive, controversial, sexual, gang sign, etc. designsdesigns• Keep it simple but originalKeep it simple but original

Some previous Some previous designsdesigns

Some of these designs did not Some of these designs did not follow the design criteriafollow the design criteria

““Hi” designHi” design

Aladdin’s LampAladdin’s LampDimensions not in contrasting

color

Lots of wasted space

XBOX design XBOX design Note-DO NOT USE WHITE ON Note-DO NOT USE WHITE ON

BLACBACKGROUNDBLACBACKGROUND

BatmanBatman

Top Section (enlarged)Full Dimension

Drawing

UNC-Charlotte Crown UNC-Charlotte Crown designdesign

UNCC 49er PickUNCC 49er PickOverall frame size 10.0mm x

8.00 mm

Lots of wasted space

Eagle headEagle head

Clover DesignClover Design

Tree DesignTree Design

UNCC UNCC

Design does not have to be square – can be rectangular provided no side is larger than 20mm

Dilbert Dimension DrawingDilbert Dimension DrawingWay too complex but cool

Final design is 122.5 mm long

The Dilbert Antenna Design

The goal of the dimension drawing is to create a “mask””

•Your mask will be used to create your design on your wafer •It will be printed full size and repeated in rows and columns to fill 100mm wafer•Your mask will be created on a special transparency sheet•Your design will be black to block light with a clear background to allow light to pass•It is a low cost alternative to expensive glass masks which can cost $500 or more each

Antenna Design to Mask Formation – Head Design

Number of good antenna per wafer = 13

Arrayed design printed on special transparency paper

Antenna Design to Mask Formation – Tree Design

Number of good antenna per wafer = 49

Arrayed design printed on special transparency paper

Antenna Design to Mask Formation – Triangle

Design

Number of good antenna per wafer = 21

Arrayed design printed on special transparency paper

Satellite Dish Antenna Satellite Dish Antenna MaskMask

Approximately 70

complete antenna per

wafer

Air Force Logo Antenna Air Force Logo Antenna maskmask

16 complete antenna per

wafer

Death Star Antenna Death Star Antenna MaskMask

Approximately 42

complete antenna per

wafer

Antenna Symbol Antenna Antenna Symbol Antenna MaskMask

Approximately 42

complete antenna per

wafer

UNCC Antenna MaskUNCC Antenna Mask

Approximately 36

complete antenna per

wafer

Dodge Charger MaskDodge Charger Mask

Approximately 84

complete antenna per

wafer

UNCC Crown Antenna UNCC Crown Antenna MaskMask

Approximately 20

complete antenna per

wafer

Simple Spiral Antenna Simple Spiral Antenna DesignDesign

Approximately105 complete antenna per

wafer

Mask TradeoffsMask Tradeoffs

For antennas, size counts, larger is a better antenna

For lower cost, smaller is better – more antenna per wafer gets unit cost lower

For higher quality – use a full length wavelength design

For lower cost – use a ¼ wavelength design

Assignment Assignment One per team required – additional designs are allowed Dimension drawing for your team’s antenna design Overall length must match your antenna design length All corners to be rounded Must Not print on “Black” background Dimensions must be in a contrasting color Keep it simple Preview design before submission Must have a dimensioned frame (box) around the design. This is

necessary as a cutting guide for slicing the wafer into individual antenna. Length and width of frame must be specified.

AutoCAD available on MOSAIC under Mechanical Engineering – Autodesk

AutoCAD tutorial on the Engr 1202 ECE web site TA will work with each team to create their design