annual ed infection control.09

ANNUAL UPDATEANNUAL UPDATE

Chain of InfectionCausative Agent

Reservoir

Porta

l

of e

xit

Mode of Transmission

Mode of

entry

Susceptible

Host

Standard Precautions• Hand washing• PPE• Safety-engineered Sharps• Sharps disposal• Biohazardous waste

disposal• Appropriate workplace

behaviors• Patient Placement

The most important thing we can do to stop the spread of infection.

between each patient contactbefore and after eatingafter going to the restroombefore donning gloves after taking gloves offfirst thing at start of shiftlast thing before you leave

Personal Protective Equipment

• Gloves

• Gowns

• Eye protection

• Masks

Other Essential Components

• Safety Engineered Sharps

• Waste stream management

• Appropriate behaviors in the workplace

Transmission Based Precautions

• Always use Standard Precautions!

• Plus extra precautions for:

Airborne

Droplet

Contact

Airborne• Indications

• Required PPE

• Special Precautions

USED FOR:

• TBChickenpoxDisseminated Herpes ZosterMeaslesSmall PoxSARS

Airborne

• Negative Pressure Rooms

• N95 Mask for staff• Surgical mask for

patient if transport out of room required

• Duckbill masks for visitors

Droplet

• Indications

• Required PPE

• Special Precautions

Droplet

• Used for Bacterial Meningitis , Mumps, Influenza, Pneumonia, Pertussis

• Private room• Surgical mask

Droplet Precautions

• Private room preferred or cohort

• Surgical mask required for staff and visitors

• Surgical mask for patient if transport out of room required

Contact

• Indications

• Required PPE

• Special Precautions

Contact Precautions

• Used for MRSA, VRE, C Diff, Lice, Scabies

• Private room preferred• Gowns, gloves

required

OSHA RegulationsBloodborne Pathogens Exposure Control Plan

&

Tuberculosis Control Plan

Bloodborne Pathogens Exposure Control Plan

• PPE• Waste Stream

Management• Hepatitis B

Vaccination Program

• Safety Engineered Sharps Devices

• Sharps Injuries

Tuberculosis Control Plan

• Annual TB Screening

• Fit testing program• Air handling

systems• Facility Risk

Assessment• Signs/symptoms