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Anil Boddupalli et al. IRJP 2012, 3 (1)
Page 77
INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHARMACY www.irjponline.com ISSN 2230 – 8407
Review Article
A TWELVE-MONTHLY REVIEW ON ANTI-DIABETIC PLANTS: JAN-DEC-2011 Anil Boddupalli*1, R.Kumanan2, A. Elumalai1, M. Chinna Eswaraiah1, Naresh Veldi1, Narendar Pendem1
1Department of Pharmacognosy, Anurag Pharmacy College, Ananthagiri (V), Kodad (M), Nalgonda (Dt), Andhra Pradesh, India, 508 206
2Department of Pharmacognosy, Vignan Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan Hills, Near Ramoji Film City, Deshmukhi, Nalgonda (Dt), Andhra Pradesh, India-508284
Article Received on: 19/11/11 Revised on: 20/12/11 Approved for publication: 06/01/12
*Email: anil.abhirx@gmail.com ABSTRACT One of the commonest endocrine disorders is diabetes mellitus, that is characterized by insufficient or lack of insulin and impaired carbohydrate metabolism in the body leading to excretion of sweet urine and long-term complications affecting the eyes, nerves, blood vessels, skin, and kidneys. As per the current estimate, there are about 143 million people in worldwide suffering from diabetes. In the global scenario, diabetic patients may rise to 300 million in 2025. This disease occurs worldwide and its incidence is increasing rapidly in most parts of the world. Moreover, continuous use of the synthetic anti-diabetic drugs causes side effects and toxicity. Therefore, seeking natural and non-toxic anti-diabetic drugs is necessary for diabetic therapy. Medicinal plants play an important role in the development of potent therapeutic agents. The present paper reviews the data reported on pharmacologically active phyto constituents obtained from the different plants involved in anti-diabetic activity along with pharmacological status which have been experimentally studied for hypoglycaemic activity during January-December 2011. This work stimulates the researchers for further research on the potential use of medicinal plants having anti-diabetic potential. Key words: Annual review, Phytoconstituents, Medicinal plants, Hypoglycaemic activity INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a multi factorial disease. It is an endocrine and metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia1. Multiple biochemical impairments associate with micro and macro vascular complications which are a major cause of morbidity and death in diabetes mellitus2, 3. With the numbers of people affected by diabetes multiplying worldwide, the disease is taking an ever-increasing proportion of national and international health care strategies4. It is projected to become one of the world’s main disablers and killers within the next 25 years5–7. The affected most are Asia and Africa, where DM rates are expected to rise by two to three folds by 20308. The modern medicines available for management of diabetes exert serious side effects such as hepatotoxicity, abdominal pain, flatulence, diarrhoea, and hypoglycemia9, 10. Drug resistance to these medicines is also reported after prolonged treatment. Therefore, apart from currently available therapeutic options, many herbal medicines have been recommended for treatment of diabetes11. Traditional herbal medicines have been used throughout the world for a range of diabetes12. The α-glucosidase inhibition significantly decreases post-prandial hyperglycemia (PPHG) in the treatment of type II diabetic (T2DM) patients13. Thus, discovery of a suitable inhibitor of glycosidase with minimum side effects poses a challenge in the search for a potent therapeutic agent. The search for improved and safe natural anti-diabetic agents is underway, and the World Health Organization has also recommended the development of herbal medicines in this concern14. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION From this study, it is clear that the medicinal plants play a vital role against on various diseases. Various herbal plants and plants extracts have significant anti-diabetic activity different in animal models (table 1). The anti-diabetic activity is probably due to the presence of flavonoids in herbal plants.
Our review results showed that above-mentioned medicinal plants could prevent diabetics with the principle on dose-dependent manner. The results of this study indicate that plants extracts of some medicinal plant have good potentials for use in diabetic disease. The present review study give evidential explore mechanism of action of medicinal plants against experimentally induced diabetics. Hence the review study is concluded that the herbal drug possesses anti diabetics activity and it has been proved by different animal models give many links to develop the future clinical trials. ACKNOWLEDGMENT Authors are thankful to Department of Pharmacognosy, Anurag Pharmacy College for providing review facilities. REFERENCES 1. B. Nickavar and N. Yousefian. Evaluation of α-amylase inhibitory
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24. Ramdas Pandhare B, Sangameswaran B, Popat Mohite B, Shantaram Khanage G. Antidiabetic activity of aqueous leaves extract of Sesbania sesban (L) Merr in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Avicenna J Med Biotech 2011; 3(1):37-43.
25. Maruthupandian A, Mohan. Antidiabetic, Antihyperlipidaemic and Antioxidant activity of Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb in alloxan induced diabetic rats. International Journal of PharmTech Research 2011; 3(3):1681-1687.
26. Duganath N, Rama Krishna D, Deepak Reddy G, Sudheera B, Mallikarjun M, Pavani Beesetty. Evaluation of anti-diabetic activity of Triumfetta rhomboidea in alloxan induced Wistar rats. RJPBCS 2011; 2(1):721-726.
27. Padmanabha Rao A, Kaiser Jamil. Pharmacological evaluation of herbal extracts for their In-vitro hypoglycaemic activity. International Journal of Phytopharmacology 2011; 2(1): 15-21.
28. Meenakshi Bhatt, Manoj Gahlot, Vijay Juya, Anita Singh. Phytochemical investigation and antidiabetic activity of Adhatoda zeylanica. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2011; 4(2):27-30.
29. Vijayanand S, Wesely E.G. Evaluation of Anti-diabetic activity of Melia azadirachta on alloxan induced diabetic rats. Int J Curr Pharm Res 201; 3(4):37-40.
30. Saha P, Bala A, Kar B, Naskar, mazumder, Haldar P.K, Gupta M. Anti-diabetic activity of Cucurbita maxima aerial parts. Research Journal of Medicinal Plants 2011; 5(5):577-586.
31. Navin Raj, Sayyed Nadeem, Samir Jain, Chanchal Raj, Kuldeep Chouhan Prithwish Nandi. Ameliorative effects of Alpinia calcarata in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Digest journal of nanomaterials and biostructures 2011; 6(3):991-997.
32. Piyali Sarkar, Abdul Kabieo Mahmud, Jyochhna Priya Mohanty. Antidiabetic activity of ethanolic extract of Mirabilis jalapa roots. IJPT 2011; 3(1):1470-1479.
33. Sumeet Gupta, Kritika Mehla, Devesh Chauhan, Satish Kumar, Anroop Nair. Morphological changes and Antihyperglycemic effect of M.Champaca leaves extract on beta-cell in Alloxan induced diabetic rats. Recent Research in Science and Technology 2011; 3(1):81-87.
34. Wadkar Kiran Anna, Magdum Chandrakant Shripal. Antidiabetic activity of stem bark of Bridelia retusa (Linn.) Spreng. Journal of Pharmacy Research 2011; 4(4):1149-1152.
35. Bhatia V, Kinja K, Bishnoi H, Savita S, Gnaneshwari D. Antidiabetic activity of the alcoholic extract of the aerial part of Boerhaavia diffusa in rats. Rec Res Sci Tech 2011; 3:4-7.
36. Peer Basha, Katikala Prasanth Kumar, Bulusu Bhanu Teja, Mannam Subbarao. Antidiabetic activity on extracts of Mangifera indica in Alloxan monohydrate induced diabetic rats. Drug Invention Today 2011; 3(7):165-168.
37. Firoz Ahmed, Shahnaz Rahman, Nasir Ahmed, Maraz Hossain, Anup Biswas, Sanjoy Sarkar, Hasanul Banna, Mst. Afsana Khatun, Majeedul H. Chowdhury, Mohammed Rahmatullah. Evaluation of Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser leaf extract on glucose tolerance in glucose-induced hyperglycemic mice. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 2011; 8(1):79-81 79.
38. Sougataghosh, Mehul Ahire, Sumersing Patil, Amit Jabgunde, Meenakshi Bhatdusane, Bimban.Joshi, Karishma Pardesi, Sanjay Jachak, Dilipd.Dhavale, Andbalua.Chopade. Antidiabetic Activity of Gnidia glauca and Dioscorea bulbifera: Potent amylase and glucosidase inhibitors. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012; 1-10.
39. Sweety Lanjhiyana1, Debapriya Garabadu, Dheeraj Ahirwar, Papiya Bigoniya, Avtar Chand Rana, Kartik Chandra Patra, Sanjay Kumar Lanjhiyana and Murugan Karuppaih. Antidiabetic activities of methanolic extract of stem bark of Elaeodendron glaucum Pers in alloxanized rat model. Advances in Applied Science Research 2011; 2(1):47-62.
40. Abu Hasanat Md. Zulfiker, Moni Rani Saha, Shammy Sarwar, Laizuman Nahar, Kaiser Hamid and Md. Sohel Rana, Hypoglycemic and In vitro antioxidant activity of ethanolic extracts of Ficus racemosa Linn fruits. Am. J. Sci. Ind. Res 2011; 2(3):391-400.
41. Dhasarathan P and Theriappan P. Evaluation of Anti-diabetic activity of Strychonous potatorum in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences 2011; 2(2):670-674.
42. Velmurugan C, Sundaram T, Sampath Kumar R, Vivek B, Sheshadri Shekar D, Ashok Kumar B S. Anti diabetic and hypolipidemic activity of bark of ethanolic extract of Ougeinia oojeinensis (ROXB). Med J Malaysia 2011; 66(1):22-26.
43. Sudipta Das, Sanjib Bhattacharya, Suresh Kumar RB, Goutam Pramanik,, Pallab K Haldar. Antidiabetic activities of Diospyros cordifolia stem bark against Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Der Pharmacia Lettre 2011; 3(3):225-232.
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47. Srividya A.R, Dhanabal S.P, Satish kumar M.N, Parth kumar H. Bavadia. Antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of Alpinia galanga. International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research 2010; 3(1):6-12.
48. Tanko, Jimoh Y, Goji A, Mohammed A.D.T.A and K.Y.Musa. Hypoglycaemic effects of the methanolic extract of aerial part of Chrysanthellum indicum in rats. J. Nat. Prod. Plant Resour 2011; 1(2):1-7.
49. Djilani A, Toudert N, Djilani S. Evaluation of the hypoglycemic effect and antioxidant activity of methanol extract of Ampelodesma mauritanica Roots. Life Sciences and Medicine Research 2011:31.
50. Neveen Abou El-Soud, Nabila El-Laithy, Gamila El-Saeed, Mohamed Salah Wahby, Mona Khalil, Fatma Morsy, Nermeen Shaffie. Antidiabetic activities of Foeniculum Vulgare Mill essential oil in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 2011; 4(2):139-146.
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51. Elsnoussi Ali Hussin Mohamed, Ali Jimale Mohamed, Mohd. Zaini Asmawi, Amirin Sadikun, Omar Saad Ebrika, Mun Fei Yam. Antihyperglycemic Effect of Orthosiphon Stamineus Benth leaves extract and its bioassay-guided fractions. Molecules 2011; 16:3787-3801.
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Table 1: List of Anti-diabetic plants in 2011
Botanical name Family Chemical constituents Parts used Extracts used References Abelmoschus esculentus Linn Malvaceae Quercetin derivatives and
epigallocatechin Fruits Aqueous Subrahmanyam et al15
Artocarpus integrifolia Linn Moraceae Homopterocarpin and Cycloheterophyllin
Root bark Methanol Ramaiah et al16
Morinda tinctoria Roxb Rubiaceae Scopoletin, glycosides, anthraquinones and
morindone
Fruits Aqueous Pattabiraman and Muthukumaran17
Aloe vera Linn Lilliaceae Anthraquinones Leaf Aqueous Enas Ali Kamel Mohamed18
Alternanthera sessilis Linn Amarantaceae Saponins, flavonoids, steroids, stigmasterol, β-
sitosterol
Whole plant
Ethanol and aqueous Raghavender Rao et al19
Dodonae viscose Linn Sapindaceae Aliarin, pinocembrin, diterpenoid acids
Leaves Chloroform, methanol, ethanol and aqueous
Muthukumran et al20
Tinospora cordifolia Willd Menispermaceae Alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, phenolics
Stem Methanol Sivakumar and Dhana Rajan21
Acacia modesta Wall Fabaceae Amyrin, betulin, octacosanol and ε-
sitosterol, γ sitosterol, pinitol
Leaves Petroleum ether:ethanol (1:1)
Jawla et al22
Shorea tumbuggaia Roxb Dipterocarpaceae Anthocyanins, emodins, triterpenoids, tannins,
saponins
Leaves Ethanol Ragini et al23
Sesbania sesban Linn Fabaceae Steroids and terpenoids Leaves Aqueous Ramdas et al24
Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb Fabaceae Pterosupin, marsupsin Wood and bark
Ethanol Maruthupandian and mohan25
Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq Tiliaceae Phytosterols, steroids, flavonoids, tannin
Whole plant
Ethanol Duganath et al26
Eugenia jumbolana Lam Myrtaceae Gallic acid, ellagic acid, corilagin, ellagitannins
Seeds Hydro-alcoholic Padmanabha Rao A and Kaiser Jamil27
Cinnamomum zylanicum Nees Laurace Glycosides phytosterols Stem bark Hydro-alcoholic Padmanabha Rao A and Kaiser Jamil27
Adhatoda zeylanica Nees Acanthaceae 2',4–Dihydroxychalcone 4‐ glucoside
Leaves and fruits
Hexane, butane, pet.ether, acetone,
chloroform, methanol and ethanol
Bhatt et al28
Melia azadirachta Linn Meliaceae Bakayanin, quercitrin, rutin Leaves Chloroform S.Vijayanand and E.G.
Wesely29
Cucurbita maxima Duch Cucurbitaceae Hydroquinone Aerial parts Methanol Sha et al30
Alpinia calcarata Rosc Zingiberaceae Flavonoids, alkaloids Rhizomes Ethanol Navin raj et al31
Mirabilis jalapa Linn Nyctagineceae Tannins, saponins Roots Ethanol Piyali Sarkar et al32
Michelia champaca Linn Magnoliaceae Linalool,2-phenethyl alcohol Leaves Pet.ether, chloroform, ethanol
Sumeet Gupta et al33
Bridelia Retusa Spreng Euphorbiaceae Triterpenoids, tannins Stem bark Pet ether, alcohol, aqueous
Wadkar Kiran Anna et al34
Boerhaavia diffusa Linn Nyctagenaceae β-Sitosterol,α-2-sitosterol Aerial parts Methanol, ethanol Bhatia V et al35
Mangifera indica Linn Anacardiaceae Tannins, glycosides, saponins Leaves Hexane, ethanol, aqueous
Peer Basha et al36
Noolamarckia cadamba Roxb Rubiaceae alkaloids, secoiridoids and triterpenes
Leaves Methanol Ahmed et al37
Gnidia glauca Linn Thymelaeaceae Flavonoids, alkaloids Stem, leaf, flower
Pet.ether, ethyl acetate, methanol,
90% ethanol
Balua.Chopade et al38
Dioscorea bulbifera Linn Dioscoreaceae Flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins
Bulbs Pet.ether, ethyl acetate, methanol,
90% ethanol
Balua.Chopade et al38
Elaeodendron glaucum Pers Celastraceae n-octacosanol, friedelin, β-sitosterol, betulonic acid,
Stem bark Methanol Debapriya Garabadu et al39
Ficus racemose Linn Moraceae β-sitosterol, α- amyrin acetate
Fruits Ethanol Abu Hasanat Md. Zulfiker et al40
Strychnos potatorum Linn Loganiaceae Sitosterol, stigmasterol Ripened fruits
Ethanol Dhasarathan P and Theriappan P41
Ougeinia Oojeinensis Roxb Fabaceae Tannins, alkaloids and triterpenoids
bark Ethanol Velmurugan et al42
Diospyros cordifolia Roxb Ebenaceae β-amyrin, lupeol, taraxerol, nentriacontane
Stem bark Methanol Sudipta Das et al43
Sorbus decora C.K.Schneid Rosacea Phenolic compounds Inner bark Ethanol Haddad et al44
Tabernaemontana divaricata Apocynaceae Terpenoids, steroids, Flowers Methanol Masudur Rahman et al45
Anil Boddupalli et al. IRJP 2012, 3 (1)
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Linn flavonoids, Sida acuta Burm Malvaceae Alkaloids Leaves Methanol and aqueous Okwuosa et al46
Alpinia galanga Willd Zingiberaceae Diarylheptanoids Dried rhizomes
Pet.ether toluene, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol, aqueous
Srividya A.R et al47
Chrysanthellum indicum Linn Compositae Flavonoids, saponins, steroid, terpenoids
Aerial parts Methanol Tanko Y et al48
Ampelodesma mauritanica Durand
Poaceae Flavonoids, saponins, cardenolides and tannins
Roots Methanol Djilani et al49
Foeniculum Vulgare Mill Apiaceae Flavonoids, terpenoids Volatile oil Market purchase Neveen et al50
Orthosiphon Stamineus Benth Lamiaceae Triterpenes, saponins, flavonoids
Leaves Pet.ether, chloroform, methanol, aqueous
Hussin Mohamed et al51
Rubus ellipticus Smith Rosaceae Triterpenes, saponins, flavonoids
Fruits Pet.ether, ethanol, aqueous
Uma Shankar Sharma et al52
Lycium shawii Roem Solonaceae Flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides
Aerial parts Ethanol Hassan Sher and Mohammed alyemeni53
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