anglophone west indian students in the quebec school system: characteristics and educational...
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ANGLOPHONE WEST INDIAN STUDENTS IN THE QUEBEC SCHOOL SYSTEM:
CHARACTERISTICS AND EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCE
(1994-1995-1996 cohorts)
Marie Mc AndrewDirector
Chair in Ethnic StudiesUniversity of Montreal
May 11th 2006
PLAN
• Overview of the research
• Social and educational characteristics of anglophone West Indian students
• Educational mobility
• Academic performance
• Conclusion
Table 1Mother tongue, region of origin and geographical distribution, students from Black communities (1994, 1995, 1996 cohorts)
a) French sector
b) English sector
Population Whole of QuebecMontreal region
Laval/Montérégie regions
Students from Black communities* 870 662 162
Caribbean (English mother tongue) 710 557 129
Africa (English mother tongue) 106 68 25
Students of immigrant origin 8 561 5 502 1 718
Entire population 30 716 15 563 7 168
* 12 students were not attributed to either of these groups, since their parents were born in two different countries from the different groups.
* 6 students were not attributed to either of these groups, since their parents were born in two different countries from the different groups.
Population Whole of Quebec Montreal region
Laval/Montérégie regions
Students from Black communities* 5 747 4 436 917
Caribbean (French mother tongue) 2 179 1 369 599
Caribbean (English mother tongue) 515 459 47
Caribbean (Creole mother tongue) 2 393 2 168 176
Africa (French mother tongue) 531 328 83
Africa (English mother tongue) 117 104 9
Students of immigrant origin 40 026 25 444 6 935
Entire population 270 445 48 875 61 808
Table 2Gender and place of birth, Anglophone West Indian students
(1994, 1995, 1996 cohorts) (whole of Quebec)
Population
Gender Place of birth
Boys (%) Girls (%)Born in
Quebec (%)Born outside Quebec (%)
French sector
Anglo West Indian
students47.0 53.0 19.2 80.8
Students of immigrant origin 51.2 48.8 34.3 65.7
Entire population 51.4 48.6 88.3 11.7
English sector
Anglo West Indian
students54.5 45.5 77.9 22.1
Students of immigrant origin 51.5 48.5 60.8 39.2
Entire population 52.0 48.0 77.8 22.2
Table 3Level of entry into the Quebec school system,
Anglophone West Indian students(1994, 1995, 1996 cohorts) (whole of Quebec)
1 : Students graduating from primary school)2 : Students entering into secondary 13 : Students entering into secondary 2, 3, 4 and 5
PopulationFormer1
secondary 1(%)New2
secondary 1 (%)
During secondary
schooling3 (%)
French sector
Anglo West Indian
students50.9 28.7 20.4
Students of immigrant origin 62.6 17.1 20.3
Entire population 90.4 2.9 6.6
English sector
Anglo West Indian
students84.4 2.0 13.7
Students of immigrant origin 74.2 4.6 21.1
Entire population 86.5 2.9 10.7
Table 4Socioeconomic rank index, Anglophone West Indian students
(1994, 1995, 1996 cohorts) (whole of Quebec)
Population Decile ranks 1 to 7 (%) Decile ranks 8 to 10 (%)
French sector
Anglo West Indian
students50.9 49.1
Students of immigrant origin 57.7 41.8
Entire population 69.1 30.6
English sector
Anglo West Indian
students71.4 27.9
Students of immigrant origin 77.0 19.3
Entire population 75.1 22.8
Table 5Contrasting West Indian anglophone students with
other Black students (French sector)
Language of students
Born in Quebec (%)
Arrived at the primary level (%)
With low socioeconomic rank index ( = middle or high ses)
(%)
West Indian 77.9 84.4 71.4
African 47.2 65.1 89.6
a) French sector
b) English sector
Language of students
Born in Quebec (%)
Arrived at the primary level (%)
With low socioeconomic rank index ( = middle or high ses)
(%)
West Indies
Francophones 75.4 83.8 57.4
Anglophones 19.2 50.9 50.9
Creolophones 16.3 43.5 29.3
Africa
Francophones 14.9 39.9 59.5
Anglophones 5.1 24.8 34.2
Table 6Age upon entry into high school, Anglophone West Indian students
(1994, 1995, 1996 cohorts) (whole of Quebec)
PopulationNormal age1 (T+1)
(%)With lag2
(> T+1) (%)
French sector
Anglo West Indian
students75.5 24.5
Students of immigrant origin 82.3 17.7
Entire population 94.0 6.0
English sector
Anglo West Indian
students94.9 5.1
Students of immigrant origin 96.6 3.4
Entire population 97.3 2.7
1 : Up to one year of school lag2 : Two or more years of school lag
Table 7School lag accumulated in secondary 3,
Anglophone West Indian students (1994, 1995, 1996 cohorts) (whole of Quebec)
Population
Students entering at normal age, secondary 1
Students entering with lag, secondary 1
With no lag in
sec. 3 (%)
With lag or absent in
sec. 3
(%)
With no extra lag in sec. 3 (%)
With extra lag or absent in
sec. 3 (%)
French sector
Anglo West Indian
students56.9 43.1 28.3 71.7
Students of immigrant origin 71.1 25.9 35.6 64.4
Entire population 80.2 19.8 37.2 62.8
English sector
Anglo West Indian
students81.7 18.3 80.8* 20.0*
Students of immigrant origin 84.2 15.8 57.1 42.9
Entire population 84.3 15.7 48.6 51.4
* : Total number of students less than 10.
Table 8 Anglophone West Indian students declared SHSMLD*,
integrated or non-integrated (1994, 1995, 1996 cohorts) (whole of Quebec)
PopulationDeclared SHSMLD
(%)Integrated
(%)Non integrated
(%)
French sector
Anglo West Indian students
14.4 4.5 9.9
Students of immigrant origin 9.4 3.0 6.4
Entire population 12.6 3.7 8.9
English sector
Anglo West Indian students
22.3 13.0 9.3
Students of immigrant origin 10.8 7.0 3.8
Entire population 16.3 11.7 4.6
* SHSMLD: Students with Handicaps, Social Maladjustments or Learning Difficulties.
Table 9High school graduation rate of Anglophone West Indian students
(1994, 1995, 1996 cohorts) (whole of Quebec)
Population After five years (%)After six years
(cumulative) (%)After seven years (cumulative) (%)
French sector
Anglo West Indian students
27.4 35.0 41.2
Students of immigrant origin 45.5 53.7 57.4
Entire population 57.8 65.7 69.0
English sector
Anglo West Indian students
47.2 55.4 58.3
Students of immigrant origin 59.0 64.9 66.9
Entire population 59.6 65.8 68.0
Table 10Sector attended and type of diploma, Anglophone West Indian
students with a high school diploma (1994, 1995, 1996 cohorts) (whole of Quebec)
Population
Youth sector Adults sector
General
(%)
Professional
(%)
General
(%)Professional
(%)
French sector
Anglo West Indian students
61.3 0.0 38.7 0.0
Students of immigrant origin 91.2 0.4 7.8 0.6
Entire population 90.9 2.4 5.3 1.3
English sector
Anglo West Indian students
88.2 1.2 10.4 X
Students of immigrant origin 94.2 0.3 5.2 0.0
Entire population 94.3 0.3 5.0 0.4
X : Total number of students less than 10.
Table 11 CEGEP access and language of instruction,
Anglophone West Indian students (1994, 1995, 1996 cohorts) (whole of Quebec)
PopulationCEGEP
attendance (%)
Language of instruction
French (%) English (%) Bilingual (%)
French sector
Anglo West Indian students
33.2 8.8 90.1 1.2
Students of immigrant origin 52.8 62.6 35.2 2.2
Entire population 54.8 89.7 8.7 1.5
English sector
Anglo West Indian students
51.5 X 97.3 X
Students of immigrant origin 58.6 1.6 97.7 0.7
Entire population 56.4 4.1 95.0 0.9
X : Total number of students less than 10
Table 12CEGEP graduation rate and type of training,
Anglophone West Indian students (1994, 1995, 1996 cohort) (whole of Quebec)
PopulationGraduates from
initial cohort
(%)
Graduates having reached CEGEP
(%)
Type of training
General (%)
Technical (%)
French sector
Anglo West Indian students
8.2 24.5 91.7 8.3
Students of immigrant origin 26.2 48.2 78.7 21.3
Entire population 29.7 53.2 67.0 33.0
English sector
Anglo West Indian students
24.2 43.4 73.2 26.8
Students of immigrant origin 35.6 58.2 86.3 13.7
Entire population 32.9 56.5 86.6 13.4
Table 13Contrasting Anglophone West Indian students with other
Black students
Language of students
Enter high school at normal
age (%)
Do not accumulate more delay
(%)
Never identified as «at risk» students (%)
Get a high school
diploma (%)
Get a college
diploma (%)
West Indies
Francophones 88.8 76.2 86.0 65.4 22.0
Anglophones 75.5 56.9 85.6 41.2 8.2
Creolophones 64.3 49.8 82.3 39.5 7.9
Africa
Francophone 81.7 78.6 93.0 62.3 23.7
Anglophones 59.0 56.3 93.2 47.0 18.9
a) French sector
Origin of students
Enter high school at normal
age (%)
Do not accumulate more delay
(%)
Never identified as «at risk» students (%)
Get a high school
diploma (%)
Get a college
diploma (%)
West Indian 94.9 81.7 77.7 58.3 24.2
African 99.1 85.9 93.4 68.9 35.1
b) English sector
French sector (%) English sector (%)
Place of birth
Born in Quebec
Born outside Quebec
54.5
38.0
64.0
38.2
Level of entry
Former secondary 1 (students graduating from primary school)
New secondary 1 (students entering into sec. 1)
During secondary schooling (students entering into sec. 2,3,4, 5)
48.1
38.5
27.6
64.3
X
27.8
Table 14Factors positively linked to high school graduation among
Anglophone West Indian students
Gender
Boys
Girls
31.0
50.2
52.7
65.0
Socioeconomic rank index
Decile ranks 1 to 7
Decile ranks 8 to 10
43.9
38.3
59.8
54.0
Age at arrival into high school
Normal age (T + 1) (up to one year’s lag)
With school lag (> T + 1) (over two years’ lag)
40.4
43.7
60.5
X
Table 14 (con’t.) Factors positively linked to high school graduation
among Anglophone West Indian students
School lag in secondary 3
Students entering at normal age, secondary 1
Students entering with lag, secondary 1
With no lag, secondary 3
(%)
With lag or absent,
secondary 3
(%)
No extra lag, secondary 3
(%)
With extra lag or absent,
secondary 3
(%)
French sector
Anglo West Indian students 64.4 18.7 53.6 40.8
English sector
Anglo West Indian students 74.4 13.5 X X
X: Total number of students less than 10
Table 15Presence of Anglophone West Indian students at secondary 4 and 5
Ministerial exams, youth sector (1994, 1995, 1996 cohorts) (whole of Quebec)
French-language examsHistory
(%)
Physical science
(%)
Written French, language of
instruction (%)
Written English, second language
(%)
Anglo West Indian students
36.1 34.0 29.1 25.6
Students of immigrant origin 63.4 57.7 58.5 58.0
Entire population 74.7 71.4 68.5 67.2
English-language examsHistory
(%)
Physical science
(%)
Written English, language of
instruction (%)
Written French, second language
(%)
Anglo West Indian students
60.8 68.9 64.4 62.3
Students of immigrant origin 66.8 73.0 70.8 67.4
Entire population 66.1 74.0 71.1 68.9
Table 16Success rate and average of
Anglophone West Indian students at secondary 4 and 5 Ministrial exams, youth sector
(1994, 1995, 1996 cohorts) (whole of Quebec)
Secondary 4
History Physical science
% success rate
Average (%) % success rate Average (%)
French sector
Anglo West Indian students
88.2 68.7 77.1 67.1
Students of immigrant origin 94.4 75.5 89.6 75.9
Entire population 94.8 75.6 90.2 76.2
English sector
Anglo West Indian students
84.3 67.3 75.7 66.4
Students of immigrant origin 91.3 73.1 85.4 73.7
Entire population 90.6 72.5 83.0 72.3
Table 16 (con’t.) Success rate and average of
Anglophone West Indian students at secondary 4 and 5 Ministrial exams, youth sector
(1994, 1995, 1996 cohorts) (whole of Quebec)
Secondary 5
Written French, language of instruction
Written English, second language
% success rate
Average (%) % success rate Average (%)
Anglo West Indian students
67.3 65.5 98.5 92.1
Students of immigrant origin 85.1 73.4 97.1 85.1
Entire population 89.6 76.2 95.0 80.5
Written English, language of instruction
Written French, second language
% success rate
Average (%) % success rate Average (%)
Anglo West Indian students
94.1 70.1 80.8 69.0
Students of immigrant origin 97.1 72.8 85.3 73.4
Entire population 96.4 72.5 85.4 73.8
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