angela c benzies1 project management angela c benzies school of engineering napier university
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Angela C Benzies 1
Project Management
Angela C BenziesSchool of EngineeringNapier University
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Definition of Project
An undertaking that has a beginning and an
end and is carried out to meet established
goals within cost, schedule and quality
objectives
a finite activity in use of resources -
time, people, money, equipment
needs resources on a part-time basis
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What Sort of Project?
Focus is on academic projects mainly MSc can be PgD projects, or other
Typical elements academic rigour demonstration of practical skills use of research skills
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The Project Manager
Brings together and optimises the resources necessary to complete the project successfully
Responsible for whole of the project lifecycle
Works across functional boundariesKey resource for successful project
completion
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Key Players - MSc Projects
The researcherThe supervisor(s)
academic industrial
The examiners internal external
The client, if applicable
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Project Parameters
Project Parameters
Quality
Specifications Budget
Cost Time
Schedule
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Project Management Model
A five-step model may be considered:
Define
Plan
Implement
Control
Complete
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Project Selection
Student and/or Institution’sLong-Term
Goals
Analysis of Resources
ProposalEffort
All the projectsin the world
Projects consistentwith long-term goals
Projects nowaddressable
Solid proposals
Filter Filter
Resources
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Project Definition
Why are you doing this project?
Who is involved?
What are the objectives and
constraints?
What are the alternatives?
Write it down, discuss and agree
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Project Planning
Establish objectiveFormulate basic strategyDevelop the work breakdown structureProduce estimates
resources, schedules, budgetResource requirements planningUse policies and procedures - School,
Uni
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Work Breakdown Structure
Hierarchical chart of project’s structure
Identifies activities and
interrelationships
Start to examine the three parameters
Helpful to those less familiar with
project details
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MSc Project WBS
Do MSc Project
Select a topic
Make aplan
Gather &analyse data
Perform literaturesearch
Write up
Decideobjectives
DevelopWBS
Produceestimates
Planresources
Create Ganttchart
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Project Planning Techniques
CPM & PERTGantt Charts
horizontal bar chart displays time relationship of project steps sequence and concurrency shown actual and planned progress may be charted
Computer-based tools incorporates above techniques
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Key Issues in Planning
Task frameworkResource allocation
human financial other
Time budgetQuality standards
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Planning for Quality
Specify performance standards to be met performance measurement criteria means of verifying quality
Write specifications for each element refer to School publications for guidance
Use specifications to control project
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Time Estimation and Planning
Decide shortest time necessary to complete project
Estimate time for each element of WBSDecide task sequence and identify
concurrency possibilitiesOverall, aim to determine for each task:
duration, earliest and latest start timeNeed experience of same or similar tasks
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Risk
Cannot be eliminated but must be managed and resolved
Three steps for risk management: identify the risks assess the likelihood of occurrence
and impact develop risk management plans
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Project Implementation & Control
Project manager co-ordinates all aspects of work
Key activities are: controlling work in progress providing feedback negotiating for resources (materials,
services)
Variety of skills required
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Helpful Techniques
ChecklistsTo do listsClear sense of priorities - yours and
other people’sCategories of time usePareto analysis - the 80/20 rulePersonal schedulingTime logs
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Providing Feedback
To all involved in the project
Timing and frequency should be
appropriate
Be accurate, specific, realistic
Performance adjustment, if required
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Project Completion & Handover
Client acceptance is main aim based on agreed specifications need objective and measurable criteria
Some aspects of project may follow after handover of main part
Completion usually involves: project staff reassignment disposal of materials and supplies release of facilities final reporting and evaluation
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Key Attributes of the Successful MSc Student
problem solver
decision-maker
intelligent
competent
methodical
observant
perceptive
positive
resilient
reliable
active
communicator
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References
Sharp, J and Howard, K The Management of a Student Research Project Gower, Aldershot, 1996 (2nd ed.)
Haynes, M E, Project Management Kogan Page, London, 1990
Lock, D Project Management Gower, Aldershot, 1992, 5th ed.
Gash, S Effective Literature Searching for Research Gower, 2000, (2nd ed.)
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The Management of a Student Research Project
Part A Preparation
Research & the Research Student
Selecting and Justifying a Research Project
Planning the Research Project
Literature Searching
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The Management of a Student Research Project
Part B Data Analysis and Gathering Analysing the Data Gathering the Data
Part C Producing the Research Results Executing the Research Presentation of the Research Findings
EpilogueAppendices
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