an introduction to the ibas-ifrs course
Post on 02-Jun-2018
218 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
1/58
IBAS IFRS
By Jayashree P K
Director, iBAS Consulting Pvt Ltd
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
2/58
Syllabus aim
To develop knowledge, understanding and
application of International Financial
Reporting Standards and the concepts and
principles which underpin them
1/6/2015 2
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
3/58
Learning Outcome
On completion of the course candidates should be able to:
Gain an overview of what IFRS is
Understand and explain the international regulatoryframework of financial reporting
Discuss and apply specified International AccountingStandards and International Financial ReportingStandards to practical situations and preparefinancial statements according to the standards
Understand the differences and commonalitiesbetween IFRSs and Ind Accounting Standards (IndAS)and apply the understanding in the first timeadoption of the IFRSs.
1/6/2015 3
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
4/58
Broad Syllabus or Course Contents
The key areas covered are:
International sources of authority
Elements of financial statements
Presentation and additional disclosures
Preparation of external financial reports for singleentities
Preparation of external financial reports forcombined entities and joint ventures.
Key differences and commonalities with IndGAAP
1/6/2015 4
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
5/58
1. International sources of authority
The structure of the International Accounting
Standards Board (IASB)
The Standing Interpretation Committee (SIC)
The role of the International Financial
Reporting Interpretations Committee (IFRIC)
1/6/2015 5
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
6/58
2. Elements of financial statements
The elements directly related to financial position (balancesheet) are:
Assets
Liabilities
Equity The elements directly related to performance (income
statement) are:
Income
Expenses The cash flow statement reflects both income statement
elements and some changes in balance sheet elements
1/6/2015 6
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
7/58
2. Elements of financial statements
contd..
Assets: a resource controlled by the entity as a
result of past events and from which future
economic benefits are expected to flow to the
entity
Property, plant and equipment
Intangible assets
Goodwill
Current assets including inventories
1/6/2015 7
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
8/58
2. Elements of financial statements
contd..
Liabilities: a present obligation of the entity
arising from past events, the settlement of
which is expected to result in an outflow from
the entity of resources embodying economic
benefits
Provisions and contingencies
Current and deferred tax
1/6/2015 8
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
9/58
2. Elements of financial statements
contd..
Equity : the residual interest in the assets of the
entity after deducting all its liabilities
1/6/2015 9
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
10/58
3. Presentation and additional
disclosures
Events after the balance sheet date
Earnings per share
Related party disclosures Interim financial reporting
Effects of changes in foreign exchange rates
Segment reporting.
1/6/2015 10
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
11/58
4. Preparation of external financial
reports for single entities
Statement of Financial position
Income statement
Cash flow statement Statement of changes in equity
1/6/2015 11
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
12/58
5. Preparation of external financial
reports for combined entities and
joint ventures
Definitions of subsidiaries, investments in
associates and joint ventures Preparation of consolidated balance sheets
and income statements
Proportionate consolidation and jointventures.
Equity Accounting
1/6/2015 12
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
13/58
This syllabus content will be covered
through following IFRS and IFRIC/SIC:
IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements
IAS 2 Inventories
IAS 7 Statement of Cash Flows IAS 8Accounting Policies, Changes in
Accounting Estimates and Errors
IAS 10 Events After the Reporting Period IAS 11 Construction Contract
1/6/2015 13
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
14/58
IASs List Contd..
IAS 12 Income Taxes
IAS 16 Property, Plant and Equipment
IAS 17 Leases
IAS 18 The Revenue
IAS 19 Employee Benefits
IAS 20Accounting for Government Grants and
Disclosure of Government Assistance IAS 21 The Effect of Change in Foreign Exchange
Rates
1/6/2015 14
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
15/58
IASs List Contd..
IAS 23 Borrowing Costs
IAS 24 Related Party Disclosures
IAS 27 Consolidated and Separate Financial
Statements IAS 28 Investments in Associates
IAS 31 Interests In Joint Ventures
IAS 32 Financial Instruments: Presentation
IAS 33 Earnings Per Share
IAS 34 Interim Financial Reporting
1/6/2015 15
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
16/58
IASs List Contd..
IAS 36 Impairment of Assets
IAS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and
Contingent Assets
IAS 38 Intangible Assets
IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and
Measurement
IAS 40 Investment Property
IAS 41Agriculture
1/6/2015 16
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
17/58
IFRSs List
IFRS 1 First-Time Adoption of International
Financial Reporting Standards
IFRS 2 Share-based Payment
IFRS 3 Business Combinations
IFRS 5 Non-current Assets Held for Sale and
Discontinued Operations
1/6/2015 17
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
18/58
IFRSs List Contd..
IFRS 6 Exploration for and Evaluation of MineralResources
IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosure
IFRS 8 Operating Segments IFRS 9Financial Instruments
IFRS 10Consolidated Financial Statements
IFRS 11- Joint Arrangements
IFRS 12Disclosure of interest in other entities IFRS 13Fair Value Measurement
1/6/2015 18
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
19/58
SIC Interpretations List
SIC-12: ConsolidationSpecial Purpose
Entities
SIC-15: Operating LeasesIncentives
SIC-31: RevenueBarter Transactions
Involving Advertising Services
SIC-32: Intangible AssetsWeb Site Costs
1/6/2015 19
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
20/58
IFRIC Interpretations List
IFRIC-10: Interim Financial Reporting and
Impairment
IFRIC-12: Service Concession Arrangements
IFRIC-13: Customer Loyalty Programmes
1/6/2015 20
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
21/58
About IFRS
IFRS is a set of accounting standards publishedby the London-based International Accounting
Standards Board (IASB). It is more focused on
objectives and principles and less reliant on
detailed rules than country-specific GAAP. IFRS
is used for public reporting purposes in more
than 100 countries, ranging from Australia to
the United Kingdom, and more countries areexpected to adopt IFRS in coming years.
1/6/2015 21
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
22/58
Factors for adopting IFRS
Improved comparability. The investment
community is increasingly looking for high-
quality financial information. In increasing
numbers, investors perceive IFRS as anopportunity to improve the comparability of
financial information from companies across
global industries.
1/6/2015 22
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
23/58
Factors for adopting IFRS contd..
Improved transparency. A single global set of
accounting standards can encourage both
companies and investors to more easily access
multiple or foreign markets. In effect, this canhelp stimulate investment and enable cross-
border capital flows.
1/6/2015 23
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
24/58
Factors for adopting IFRS contd..
Reduced complexity. By adopting IFRS,
companies can reduce the complexity of the
operations now needed to create reports in
multiple local-country GAAPs to help savemoney and improve the accuracy and
reliability of financial and tax reporting
1/6/2015 24
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
25/58
What is IFRS
IFRS is an acronym for International Financial
Reporting Standardsand covers full set of
principles and rules on reporting of various
items, transactions or situations in thefinancial statements. Often they are referred
to as principles based standards, because
they describe principles rather than dictaterigid accounting rules for treatment of certain
items.
1/6/2015 25
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
26/58
IFRS Contd..
International Financial Reporting Standards
(IFRS)are principles-based Standards,
Interpretations and the Framework (1989)
adopted by the International AccountingStandards Board(IASB)
Many of the standards forming part of IFRS
are known by the older name of InternationalAccounting Standards(IAS)
1/6/2015 26
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Accounting_Standards_Boardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Accounting_Standards_Boardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Accounting_Standards_Boardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Accounting_Standards_Board -
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
27/58
IFRS Contd..
IAS were issued between 1973 and 2001 by the
Board of the International Accounting Standards
Committee(IASC).
On 1 April 2001, the new IASB took over from theIASC the responsibility for setting International
Accounting Standards.
During its first meeting the new Board adoptedexisting IAS and SICs. The IASB has continued to
develop standards calling the new standards IFRS.
1/6/2015 27
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Accounting_Standards_Committeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Accounting_Standards_Committeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Accounting_Standards_Committeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Accounting_Standards_Committee -
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
28/58
Components of IFRS
A) Framework for the Preparation andPresentation of Financial Statements
B) International Accounting Standards (IAS) and
International Financial Reporting Standards(IFRS)
C) Standing Interpretations Committee (SIC)
and Interpretations originated from theInternational Financial ReportingInterpretations Committee (IFRIC)
1/6/2015 28
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
29/58
A) Framework for the Preparation and
Presentation of Financial Statement
The Framework states the basic principles forIFRS and hence its a must-read document.
It states the following:
A.1 objective of financial statements,A.2 underlying assumptions used in IFRS,
A.3 Qualitative characteristics of financial statements,
A.4 elements of financial statements,
A.5 recognition of elements of financial statements,
A.6 measurement of elements of financial statements
A.7 concepts of capital and maintenance.
1/6/2015 29
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
30/58
A.1 objective of financial statements
A financial statement should reflect true and
fair view of the business affairs of the
organization.
To show results of managements
stewardship( i.e, accountability for resources
entrusted to it).
Brainstorm 1
Financial position,
performance and changes in financial position
1/6/2015 30
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
31/58
A.2 underlying assumptions used in
IFRS
The following are the four underlyingassumptions in IFRS:
1. Accrual basis: the effect of transactions andother events are recognized when they occur, not
as cash is gained or paid. 2. Going concern: an entity will continue for the
foreseeable future.
3. Money Measurement - stable measuring unitassumption: or traditional Historical costaccounting; and Units of constant purchasingpower:
1/6/2015 31
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accrual_basishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Going_concernhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stable_measuring_unit_assumptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stable_measuring_unit_assumptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_cost_accountinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stable_measuring_unit_assumptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_cost_accountinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stable_measuring_unit_assumptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Units_of_constant_purchasing_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Units_of_constant_purchasing_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Units_of_constant_purchasing_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_cost_accountinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Units_of_constant_purchasing_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Units_of_constant_purchasing_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Units_of_constant_purchasing_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Units_of_constant_purchasing_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_cost_accountinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_cost_accountinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stable_measuring_unit_assumptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stable_measuring_unit_assumptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stable_measuring_unit_assumptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stable_measuring_unit_assumptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stable_measuring_unit_assumptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Going_concernhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accrual_basis -
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
32/58
A.3 Qualitative characteristics of financial
statements
Understandability ( user has reasonable knowledge)
Reliability( free from material error; faithfulrepresentation, substance over form, neutrality, prudence,
completeness)
Comparability (users must be informed about theaccounting policies, changes in them and the effect of the changes)
Relevance ( cannot be a delay in preparation, cost ofreporting should not exceed benefit etc)
1/6/2015 32
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
33/58
A.4 Elements of financial statements
A.4.1 - The financial position of an enterprise isprimarily provided in the Statement of FinancialPosition
Asset: An asset is a resource controlled by theenterprise as a result of past events from which futureeconomic benefits are expected to flow to theenterprise.
Liability: A liability is a present obligation of theenterprise arising from the past events, the settlementof which is expected to result in an outflow from theenterprise' resources, i.e., assets.
1/6/2015 33
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
34/58
A.4 contd..
Equity: Equity is the residual interest in the
assets of the enterprise after deducting all the
liabilities under the Historical Cost Accounting
model. Equity is also known as owner's equity.Under the units of constant purchasing power
model equity is the constant real value of
shareholders equity.
1/6/2015 34
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
35/58
A.4 Elements of financial statements
A.4.2 The financial performance of an enterpriseis primarily provided in The Statement ofComprehensible income:
Revenues: increases in economic benefit duringan accounting period in the form of inflows orenhancements of assets, or decrease of liabilitiesthat result in increases in equity. However, it does
not include the contributions made by the equityparticipants, i.e., proprietor, partners andshareholders.
1/6/2015 35
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
36/58
A.4.2 contd..
Expenses: decreases in economic benefits during
an accounting period in the form of outflows, or
depletions of assets or incurrences of liabilities
that result in decreases in equity. Revenues and expenses are measured in nominal
monetary units under the Historical Cost
Accounting model and in units of constantpurchasing power (inflation-adjusted) under the
Units of Constant Purchasing Power model.
1/6/2015 36
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
37/58
A.5 recognition of elements of financial
statements
An item is recognized in the financial
statements when:
it is probable future economic benefit will
flow to or from an entity.
the resource can be reliably measured -
otherwise the stable measuring unit
assumption is applied under the Historical
Cost Accounting model
1/6/2015 37
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
38/58
A.5 contd..
Under the Units of Constant Purchasing Power
model, all constant real value non-monetary
items are inflation-adjusted during low
inflation and deflation; i.e. all items in theStatement of Comprehensive Income, all
items in shareholders equity, Accounts
Receivables, Accounts Payables, all non-monetary payables, all non-monetary
receivables, provisions, etc.
1/6/2015 38
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
39/58
A.6 measurement of elements of
financial statements
Measurement is the process of determining the
monetary amounts at which the elements of the
financial statements are to be recognized and
carried in the balance sheet and incomestatement. This involves the selection of the
particular basis of measurement.
A number of different measurement bases areemployed to different degrees and in varying
combinations in financial statements.
1/6/2015 39
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
40/58
These are
A.6 contd..
(a) Historical cost
(b) Current cost
(c) Realisable (settlement) value
Present Value ( Discounted)
1/6/2015 40
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
41/58
B) International Accounting Standards (IAS) and
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)
Both IAS and IFRS are standards themselvesthat prescribe rules or accounting treatmentsfor various individual items or elements of
financial statements IASs are the standards issued before 2001 and
IFRSs are the standards issued after 2001
There used to be 41 standards named IAS 1, 2,etc., however, several of them weresuperseded, replaced or just withdrawn.
1/6/2015 41
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
42/58
C) SIC and IFRIC
SICs and IFRICs are interpretations that
supplement IAS / IFRS standards.
SIC were issued before 2001 and IFRIC were
issued after 2001.
They deal with more specific situations not
covered in the standard itself, or issues that
arose after publishing of certain IFRS.
1/6/2015 42
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
43/58
Adoption of IFRS
FRS are used in many parts of the world,
including the European Union, Hong Kong,
Australia, Malaysia, Pakistan, GCC countries,
Russia, South Africa, Singaporeand Turkey. Asof 27 August 2008, more than 113 countries
around the world, including all of Europe,
currently require or permit IFRS reporting
1/6/2015 43
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooperation_Council_for_the_Arab_States_of_the_Gulfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkeyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkeyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooperation_Council_for_the_Arab_States_of_the_Gulfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union -
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
44/58
Adoption of IFRS contd..
It is generally expected that IFRS adoption
worldwide will be beneficial to investors and
other users of financial statements, by
reducing the costs of comparing alternativeinvestments and increasing the quality of
information. Companies are also expected to
benefit, as investors will be more willing toprovide financing
1/6/2015 44
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
45/58
Adoption of IFRS in India
The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
(ICAI) has announced that IFRS will be mandatory
in India for financial statementsfor the periods
beginning on or after 1 April 2011. This will bedone by revising existing accounting standards to
make them compatible with IFRS.
Reserve Bank of Indiahas stated that financialstatements of banks need to be IFRS-compliant
for periods beginning on or after 1 April 2011...
1/6/2015 45
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute_of_Chartered_Accountants_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_statementshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserve_Bank_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserve_Bank_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_statementshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute_of_Chartered_Accountants_of_India -
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
46/58
Adoption of IFRS in India contd..
The ICAI has also stated that IFRS will be applied tocompanies above Rs.1000 crore from April 2015. Phasewise applicability details for different companies inIndia:
Phase 1: Opening balance sheet as at 1 April 2015*i. Companies which are part of NSE IndexNifty 50ii. Companies which are part of BSE SensexBSE 30
a. Companies whose shares or other securities are
listed on a stock exchange outside India b. Companies, whether listed or not, having net worth
of more than INR1,000 crore
1/6/2015 46
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
47/58
Adoption of IFRS in India contd..
Phase 2: Opening balance sheet as at 1 April
2016*
Companies not covered in phase 1 and having
net worth exceeding INR 500 crore
1/6/2015 47
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
48/58
Adoption of IFRS in India contd..
Phase 3: Opening balance sheet as at 1 April2017*Listed companies not covered in the earlier
phases If the financial year of a company commences
at a date other than 1 April, then it shallprepare its opening balance sheet at the
commencement of immediately followingfinancial year.
1/6/2015 48
IFRS learning as a step-by-step
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
49/58
IFRS learning as a step by stepprocess:
Learn the basic structure of IFRS
Read the Framework
Get some knowledge about
individual standards
Develop your knowledge and be up-to-date
1/6/2015 49
Learn the basic structure of IFRS
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
50/58
Learn the basic structure of IFRS(Familiarize yourself with the basic structure and concept of
IFRS.)
IFRS is an acronym for International FinancialReporting Standards and covers full set ofprinciples and rules on accounting treatment ofvarious items or situations. This full set comprises
the following components: Framework for the Preparation and Presentation of
Financial Statements
International Accounting Standards (IAS) andInternational Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)
Standing Interpretations Committee (SIC) andInterpretations originated from the InternationalFinancial Reporting Interpretations Committee (IFRIC)
1/6/2015 50
R d th F k
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
51/58
Read the Framework
For any beginner in IFRS, the Framework is thebasic concept of IFRS and therefore it is aMUST READ document.
Its not so time consuming, as the Frameworkitself has only about 30 pages and anyexperienced accounting professional would befamiliar with many concepts in it.
For the full text of the Framework , visitwww.ifrs.org.
1/6/2015 51
Get some knowledge about individual
http://www.ifrs.org/http://www.ifrs.org/ -
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
52/58
Get some knowledge about individualstandards
Its almost impossible and ineffective to readand study the texts of individual standards,interpretations and accompanying docsits
more than 3 000 pages! There are many possibilities how to learn
basic principles and rules in individualstandards.
2 main streams of learning IFRS are Classroomtraining (iBAS) and self-study.
1/6/2015 52
Face-to-face training
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
53/58
Face to face trainingPros:
learning from experienced tutor withpersonal contact
high level of interactivityyou might ask for
additional explanations or any questions youdont understand and often you get a feedbackfrom your tutor
full focus on the topicwhen you attend a
lecture, you will not be distracted by so manythings around you and therefore, your study willbe very effective.
1/6/2015 53
F t f t i i
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
54/58
Face-to-face training
Cons
time consumingface-to-face training usually
takes place during your normal working or
business hours and you must find a space in
your overloaded schedule. That might be aproblem, especially during a high or
busy season.
1/6/2015 54
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
55/58
iBASIFRS Courseteaching method
We help participants better understand whyIFRS and its theory looks like it does,andthe challenges of adopting accounting
standards and information given diverseneeds and stakeholders. We do thisthrough:
Critical thinking and reasoning
Using evidence; challenging status quo Speaking and presentation skills
1/6/2015 55
h h d
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
56/58
iBASIFRS Courseteaching methodContd..
Conceptual knowledge of variousterminologies Research skills
Accounting standardsFinancial reporting regulationsArticles and reportsResearch studies
Logic behind the standards What to do when there is no clearguidance
1/6/2015 56
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
57/58
What Do We Want Participants to
Learn
Critical Thinking Role of Assumptions in Developing Accounting
Using Evidence to Develop/Support Positions Learning to Learn
Research skills
No one right answer? Judgment skills (better answers)
1/6/2015 57
-
8/10/2019 An Introduction to the IBAS-IfRS Course
58/58
Q & A
top related