alloy metals

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Alloy Metals

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What you need to learn…

Ferrous Metals Non-ferrous Metals Alloy Metals

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ALLOY METALS• What is an Alloy metal??

• Where can they be used?

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Video on Alloy Metals

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9LHDSB1n11k

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Steel

Solder

Bronze

Amalgam

Brass

Stainless Steel

Duralumin

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Steel Iron and Carbon

Solder Lead and Tin

Bronze Tin and Copper

Amalgam Mercury, Silver, Tin and Copper

Brass Zinc and Copper

Stainless Steel Steel and Chromium

Duralumin Aluminium and Copper

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• Understand the difference between ‘Pure Metals’ and ‘Alloys’

• To know a range of ‘Alloy metals’• To understand the properties of some

‘Alloy metals’• To know which metals make up an ‘Alloy’

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Alloys – Carbon SteelsMetal Properties Uses

Low carbon Steel (Mild Steel)0.05% to 0.30% carbon content

Also known as mild steel, it is a low cost material that is easy to shape. While not as hard as higher-carbon steels, its surface hardness can be increased by carburizing.

BulletsNuts & boltsChainsHingesKnivesArmour

Medium Carbon Steel0.30% - 0.7% carbon content

Medium carbon steel is ductile and strong with good wear properties.

heavy machinery, such as axles, crankshafts, couplings and gears.

High Carbon Steel0.7% - 1.4% carbon content

It is very strong and holds shape memory well, making it ideal for springs and high strength wires.

SpringsHigh-strength wires

Unprotected – Carbon Steel will rust

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Alloy MetalsStainless Steel - Steel and Chromium (minimum 10.5%)

Uses:•Kitchen worktops•Cutlery•Pans•Chains •Wire•Swiss army knifesProperties:•Strong•Corrosion Resistant•Stain resistant (to a certain extent)•Hard•Protective coating uses oxygen to rebuild the protective layer•Excellent fatigue and impact resistance

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Alloy MetalsHigh Speed Steel – 18% tungsten, 4% chromium, 1% vanadium, and only 0.5–0.8% carbon

Uses:•High-speed steel (HSS or HS) is a subset of tool steels.•Commonly used in tool bits and cutting tools. It is often used in power-saw blades and drill bits.•Examples: Milling tools, drill bits, turning tools and Circular saw blades.

Properties:•Withstand higher temperatures without losing its temper (hardness). •Abrasion resistance •Exposed to extremely rigorous heat or abrasion in service.

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Alloy MetalsDuralumin (Aluminium and Copper)

Uses:•Aircraft parts – for its lightweight•Airships •Spirit Levels – For lightweight and strength propertiesProperties:•Strong•Hard•Lightweight•Relatively soft•Ductile•Can be rolled•Ductile

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Alloy MetalsBrass (Copper and Zinc)Uses:•Hinges•Pins•Screws•Ammunition cartridges•Lamps•Electrical socket•Horns and bellsProperties:•Malleable depending on content of Zinc (under 45%)•Good conductor of electricity•Soft - Doesn’t spark easily •acoustic properties appropriate for use in musical instruments•relatively low melting point•low friction

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Amalgam• Consists of mercury, silver, tin and copper• Used commonly for dental fillings.• Used for its low cost, ease of application, strength, and

durability.• Recent concerns about the toxicity of mercury have

made its use increasingly controversial, therefore new ways such as polymer resins are being increasingly used.

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1. Which metal would be most suitable for a church roof?2. Which metal would be most suitable for domestic wiring in a

new build?3. Which common metal might you expect to find transporting

the water throughout a house?4. What are the properties of Aluminium?5. Which metal would likely to be used for the tips of a circular

saw blade and why?6. Galvanising is typically the use of which metal to give a

surface coat?7. Give an example of a product/s that uses Cast Iron8. Give an example of a product/s that uses Wrought Iron

Homework

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HomeworkResearch 3 types of Alloys:

•State the uses of that alloy and its properties

•http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9LHDSB1n11k

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What you need to learn…

Alloys•Low carbon steel — 0.15%-0.30% carbon•Medium carbon steel — 0.30%-0.7% carbon•High carbon steel — 0.7%-1.4% carbon•Stainless steel•High speed steel•Duralumin•Brass.

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Where do they come from?

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Metals can be broken down into two main categories: ferrous metals and non-ferrous metals.

Categories of metal

Ferrous metals all have certain properties:they contain ironthey will corrode unless protectedthey are attracted by magnets.

Non-ferrous metals also havecertain unique properties:

they do not contain ironthey are not magneticthey are mostly pure metals.

How many different metals can you think of?

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Metalwork

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Heavy metal?

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Examples of metals

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Examples of metals

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Properties of metals