aim: how do geologist break-up geologic time? do now: - take out your esrt and turn to page 8-9
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Aim: How do Geologist break-up Geologic Time?
Do Now: - Take out your ESRT and turn to page 8-9
- Earth has existed for 4.7 billion years. If this 4.7 billion years were to be scaled down to a 12 hour clock, then how much time on that clock do you think Humans have existed?
- 12:00:00 AM would be the creation of Earth (4.6BYA)
- 12:00:00 PM would be this very second (Present)
I. Counting Geologic Time
- Eons are the longest periods of time (billions of years)
- Eras break up Eons (100 million years)
- Periods break up Era’s (10 million years)
- Epochs break up Periods (million years)
In what time Eon, Era, Period and Epoch do we live?
Phanerozoic eon, Cenozoic era, Quaternary period and the Holocene epoch.
II. Fossils
- the remains or traces of prehistoric life. - found only in sedimentary rock.
• Trace fossils are indirect evidence of prehistoric life.
- foot print- burrow
III. Fossil FormationTwo conditions are important
for preservation: • rapid burial • hard parts - teeth - bone
- shell
Click Here
IV. Reading Fossils• Index fossils
- widespread geographically- limited to a short span of geologic time - occur in large numbers
• Environments - Fossils can also be used to interpret
and describe ancient environments.
The first four columns are breaking down time.
This section will also give you the approximate millions of years ago (MYA)
that an event happened.
This section specifically tells what kind of living things were on the
planet.
Major extinctions are also noted.
These three sections deal specifically with New York
State.
Ages of rocks in NYS(If there are no rocks, then
there are no fossils)
Fossils found in NYS
Geologic Events important to NYS
This section uses the fossils from above to determine the age of rocks found in NYS.
i.e. – Fossil A is Cambrian in age
( ~ 488-542 MYA)
This section specifically shows the location of the continents during five geologic
periods.
Please note that they do not correctly line up with the geologic periods they
represent.
North America is colored in solid black.
Use your ESRT to answer the following questions:
1. If early Pleistocene Mermaids had existed, their fossil remains would be the same age as which other types of fossils?
2. When did the Jurassic period end?
3. Which geologic event is associated with the Greenville Orogeny? (Orogeny =
mountains)
4. Could a scientist find shale containing a eurypterid fossil in NYS?
1. If early Pleistocene Mermaids had
existed, their fossil remains would be the same age as
which other types of fossils?
1st – Locate Pleistocene2nd – Move to the right
until you cross various fossil lines
________________________8 Fossil types can be
found during this Epoch.
Nautiloids, Crinoids, Mammals, Vascular
Plants, Birds, Corals, Gastropods, and
Brachiopods. The letters O and S
stand for specific fossils.
(Mastodon, Beluga, or Condor)
2. When did the Jurassic period end?
1st – Locate the Jurassic Period
2nd – Move to the right until you see the little MYA
numbers
Beginning of the Jurassic Period
End of the Jurassic Period
Answer - 146 Millions of Years Ago
3. Which geologic event is associated with the Greenville Orogeny?
(Orogenty = mountains)
1st – Locate Greenville Orogeny
2nd – Read entire box to find the geologic
event.
Answer -Adirondack Mountain and Hudson
Highlands formed
4. Could a scientist find shale containing a eurypterid fossil in
NYS
1st – Locate eurypterid fossil
2nd – Find M in the CENTER column
3rd – Is there rock record from this time period
in NYS? (Look one column to the left)
Since the center column shows fossil and the column to the left
show the rock record from NYS. You can
hypothesis that if you found Silurian age rock
it could potentially have the eurypterid
fossil in it.
Answer - Yes
In the ESRT,pages 8 and 9 as well as page 3 are used to help read
Geologic time.
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