agricultural r&d in korea: status, plans and programs...2009/12/10  · •kopia is a bilateral...

Agricultural R&D in Korea:

Status, Plans and Programs

Introduction on RDA

I

Major Achievements

II

Contents

International Technology Cooperation

III

IV

Challenges in Korean Agriculture

Challenges in Korean Agriculture

I

Limitation of growth in Korean agriculture

- Small farm (< 1.0 ha) 65% of total (‘10)

- Land area per farmhouse 1.46 ha (‘10)

- Poor quality of labor in rural area

4.9 4.5

4.2 3.9

3.5 3.4 3.3

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

40

25.5

13.8

7.6 4.2 2

0

10

20

30

40

50

% Agriculture in GDP

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007

Rural population (mill.)

7.9 10.5

13.8

17.8

25.9

33.1

39.3 41.8

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

% of rural population (≥ 60 yrs old)

1970 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Area (1,000ha) Production(1,000t) Yield(kg/10a)

Change of the areas, yield, total production and consumption of rice in Korea

1970 1980 1990 1995 2000 2005 2007 1970 1980 1990 1995 2000 2005 2007

153 143

128 116 109

100 97

0

50

100

150

200

Rice consumption(kg)/person/yr

256 2,693

11,026

23,072

30,503 32,303

26,296 27,783

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

1970 1980 1990 2000 2005 2006 2008 2010

Farm Household Income(US$)

Change of annual income of a farm household in Korea

1.4 1.4 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.6

6.9 6.8 7.7

9.3

12.4

14.9

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

16.0

Export Import

Wheat, 856

Soybean, 430

Corn, 1,834

Grape, 86

Orange, 179

Beef, 1,037

Pork, 904

Chicken, 120

Import in 2007 (US $ mill.)

1995 2000 2002 2004 2006 2007

80.5

56.0

43.1

29.7 26.7

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

US$ bill.

Self-sufficiency rate (grain, %)

1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

Export & Import of Korean agriculture

Global warming → Climate change → Threat to sustainable agriculture

- Temperature : 12.1℃ (1970s) → 12.8℃ (2000s), 0.7℃ ↑

- Precipitation : 1,248mm (1970s) → 1,392 mm (2000s), 144mm ↑

Change of annual temperature Change of annual precipitation

☞ Unstable balance of supply & demand of agricultural product

☞ Damage by natural disaster in Korea : US $ 480 mill./yr in the period of 1980 - 2010

• Food safety

• FTA

• Agricultural export

• Environment

Introduction on RDA

II

RDA is the central government organization responsible for

agricultural research and extension services in Korea

1906 – Founded as Agricultural Demonstration Station

1962 – Reorganized as:

Rural Development Administration (RDA)

* 100-year history

RDA is…

MISSIONS

Agricultural research & technology development

Technology dissemination & extension services

Guidance & training for rural development

Global technology cooperation

ORGANIZATION

Administrator

Audit & Legal

Affairs Office

Research

Policy

Bureau

Planning &

Coordination

Office

Technology

Cooperation

Bureau

Extension

Service

Bureau

Spokesperson

Deputy

Administrator

National Institute of Crop Science

National Institute of Horticultural and

Herbal Science

National Institute of Animal Science

Foundation of Agricultural Technology

Commercialization & Transfer (FACT)

National Academy of Agricultural

Science

Head office

PERSONNEL

Scientists

108

Extension

specialists

Administration

& Technician Total

70 166 344 Head office

1,053 18 428 1,499 4 R&D

Institutions

1,161 88 594 1,843 Total

* January 2012

BUDGET

428 460

528

761

885

306 328

361

384

470

Unit : US $ mill.

2008 2009

2010 2011

2007

Total

R&D

- Platform technology & long-term capabilities

- Strengthening competitiveness and values of local products for international markets

- Postharvest, processing, packaging & marketing for value-added products

1 Building Competitiveness in Agriculture

- Technological assistance for “Small but mighty farmers”

- Development of structure and agri-business for high income in rural area

2 Capacity building and Rural development

- Monitoring and Management of Pest and Natural disasters

- GAP and Food safety - National food security

3 Technological support for Agricultural policy

- Practical application of agro-biotechnology for commercialization

- Development of alternative energy resources

- Technology intensive automated production system

4 Creation of new growth engine for future

- Global networking for technology transfer and solution (KOPIA, AFACI, KAFACI)

5 International Technology Cooperation

RDA strategy of R&D

Basic science in agricultural technology

•Environmental & conservation for sustainable agriculture

•Commercialization of agro-biological resources

•Safety management of agricultural products

•Production automation, energy saving, and farm safety

•Plant biotechnology

•Agro-food development and added-value enhancement

•Collection/preservation/utilization of genetic resources

Stable supply of food and value

enhancement

•Stable production of rice

•Increase self-sufficiency of upland crops

•Food functionality and added-value enhancement

•Farmland use efficiency and environment-friendly crop production

Quality and value enhancement of horticultural and

herbal crops

•Development of horticultural varieties and productivity increase

•Stable production of ginseng and added-value enhancement

•Production environment and commercialization of horticultural and herbal crops

Quality and productivity

enhancement of livestock

•Collection and improvement of animal genetic resources

•Enhancement of livestock productivity

•Environment-friendly production of safe livestock products

Core technology development

strategies

•Collaborative research on bioengineering commercialization

•Collaborative research on climate change adaptation technology

RDA R&D Agenda

Major Achievements

III

Trends in Agricultural R & D

1960s

1970s

1980s

1990s

2000s

Establishment of research & extension system

• Initiation of modern technology dissemination

• Launching of Rural Area Promotion Act

High-yielding

• Rice self-sufficiency

• Green Revolution

Year-round production

• Supplying year-round fresh vegetables

• White Revolution

High quality, low-input, eco-friendly

• Cutting-edge technologies

• Labor-saving, quality improvement

Safety, functionality, value-added

• Improvement of public health

• Development of amenity resources

Recent Major Achievements

Lowering the risks of climate change

- Scenarios of climate change to estimate yields & food supply, outbreak of pests

- Climate change mitigation measures to control greenhouse gases

Improvement of genetic resources adapted to climate change

- Development of new varieties tolerant to abiotic stresses

* Rice (Hopum), Apple (Hwangok)

- Introduction of high-valued sub-tropical germplasm * Fruits (Mango, Dragon fruit), Vegetables (Artichoke, Okra)

Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change

<Hwangok> <Dragon fruit> <Artichoke>

Resource recycling and Energy-saving technology for low-cost farming

- Application of livestock manure for liquid fertilizer production

* Distribution of SCB(Slurry Composting & Biofiltration) facility

- Geothermal heat pump system and LED light technology for greenhouse

- Development of plant resources for bio-fuel production

Environment-friendly technologies for organic farming

- Substitutes for agro-chemicals : Fertilizer by using green manure crops,

Biological control by using natural enemy & microorganism

Eco-friendly and Sustainable Agriculture

<LED greenhouse> <SCB> <Geothermal heat pump>

Recent Major Achievements

<Natural enemy>

Improvement of export competitiveness for global market

- High-quality Technology of Korean beef and horticulture products

- Food safety-related quarantine and market access of agro-products

- Production chain with low cost and high efficiency

Promotion of value-added Korean agricultural products

- Brand royalty and license for export to global market

* strawberry, chrysanthemum, orchid, rose and kiwi

Improvement of Quality and Market Competitiveness

<Hanwoo beef > <Hydroponic ginseng> <Baekma> <Halla Gold>

Recent Major Achievements

Development of new bio-materials for medication and health care

- Artificial eardrum and bone using silk protein of silkworm

- Natural antibiotics made from bee venom

- Bio-reactors by using transgenic animal/plants for medicine

Crop nutrition and functional food - Rice rich in dietary fiber, essential amino acids, etc.

- Colored potato with anti-aging and skin brightening effect

Automation for efficient production of crops

* Grafting robot, planting machine, weeding robot, plant factory, etc.

New Growth Engine and Future Agricultural Technology

<Bee venom injection to cure mastitis>

<Transgenic chicken>

Recent Major Achievements

<Golden Rice> <Grafting robot>

Recent Major Achievements

Innovation of consumer-driven R&D and its application

- Apply R&D outcomes to rural community and agri-business industry to cope with

the changing needs of farmers and consumers

- Foster the extension specialists for “small but strong farmers” by improving the

capacity of extension in production technology, education and marketing

Capacity building of agricultural business - RDA offers education and consulting service to farmers

ex) programs of agri-business capacity building, e-Business mentoring

- Specialized education for new and returning farmers and urban residents

Local demand-driven R&D and Enhancing extension service

Eleven R&D Achievements selected from RDA,

in “100 Best Performance of National R&D, 2010”

Best Performance of National R&D in 2010 from RDA

Development of Rural Amenity Resources Investigation and Information System

Information System for Globalization of Traditional Korean Food

Establishment of National Agricultural R&D Total Management System, ATIS

Environment-friendly Portable Carcass Disposal System

Artificial Eardrum using Silk Protein

Chinese Cabbage Genome Sequencing and Information Database Establishment

Molecular Marker and Genetic Method for Detection of Albino in Hanwoo

Field Diagnosis Kit for Horticultural Crop Virus

Natural Antibiotics and Cosmetics Using Bee Venom

Development of Medi-Rice for Preventing Adult Diseases

Utilization Technique of LED in Agriculture

International Technology Cooperation

IV

International Cooperation for R&D

Scientific cooperation

Bilateral or Multilateral cooperation

Establishment of overseas labs (RAVL) and dispatching seconded scientists

- 5 National organizations : USA (ARS), Japan(NARO), China (CAAS), Nethelands (Wageningen UR),

Brazil (Embrapa)

* RAVL : RDA-Abroad Virutual Laboratory

- 6 International Research institutions of CGIAR : IRRI, CIMMYT, AVRDC, CIP, BI, ILRI

Joint projects in 2012: 20 Countries, 116 Projects

Technical cooperation

KOPIA (Korea Project on International Agriculture) program

- Development of customized agricultural technology & resources, and cooperative researches

Regional Cooperation Initiatives of AFACI & KAFACI

- Sharing experience and technology for agriculture and food production in regions

* AFACI : Asian Food and Agriculture Cooperation Initiative

* KAFACI : Korea-Africa Food and Agriculture Cooperation Initiative

Technology training program * RDA Alumni

- Capacity building and global extension service

International Cooperation for Technology transfer & Experience sharing

KOPIA

• KOPIA is a bilateral cooperation program aiming to share Korea’s knowledge and experience

on the development of agricultural technology and extension

• Establishment of KOPIA center

• Development of locally-adaptable technology through demo-farm projects, genetic resources

• Exchange scientists and experts in the fields of common interest

• No of partner countries : 15

Year Asia Africa Latin-South America

2009

Vietnam (vegetable, cassava)

Myanmar (legume)

Uzbekistan (vegetable, feed)

Kenya (potato, livestock) Brazil (mushroom, strawberry)

Paraguay (vegetable, potato)

2010 Philippines (rice)

Cambodia (maize)

DR Congo (rice, cassava)

Algeria (potato, wheat)

2011 Thailand (tissue culture)

Sri Lanka (legume, vegetable)

Ethiopia (livestock, vegetable) Bolivia (potato)

Ecuador (vegetable)

* 2012 MOU signing with Peru

Regional cooperation initiatives

• AFACI (2009) and KAFACI (2010)

• Inter-governmental and multilateral cooperation body aiming to improve food production,

achieve sustainable agriculture and enhance extension service by sharing knowledge and

information on agricultural technology

• Member countries

- AFACI (11) : Korea, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Mongolia, Nepal, Philippines, Sri

Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam

- KAFACI (18) : Korea, Angola, Cameroon, DR Congo, Cote d’Ivoire, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Kenya,

Malawi, Morocco, Nigeria, Senegal, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Comoros

• Technical workshops for PAN-Asian or PAN-African projects, Regional projects

• Networking of member countries on common issues

• Country projects and exchange of experts, training for capacity building

International Training Program RDA trained 3,994 persons from 116 countries in the period of 1972-2011

36 countries, 240 trainees in 2012

RDA Alumni Association Improvement of post training effectiveness and impact on trainee countries

To develop global network and future collaborative project

Supporting 9 Demo-farm Projects in 7 countries in 2012

- Cambodia, Indonesia, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam

<International Training> <RDA Alumni in Thailand>

International Training

<Convention meeting of RDA

Alumni in Philippines>

Exchange with opinion leaders

Cooperation with central & local government, and agencies

Cooperation with private sectors & academia

Farmers

Nonghyup

Central

government

Local

government

Private

sectors

Academia

Media

National

Assembly

R&D

Institute

Linkage among Different Agricultural Sectors

Governance in Agricultural R & D

Energy

-saving

Korean

Foods

By-product

Utilization

LED

Renewable

Energy

Foreign

Royalty

Forage

Food

Security

Competetive

-ness

Carbon

Balance

Climate

Change

Agro-food

safety

Automation

Agro-foods Functional

Crops

Agro

-materials

Seeds

Agricultural

foundation,

Competitiveness

Improvement of

national

agriculture &

economy

Green

Tourism

Living

Horticulture

Low chemical

-input

Bio-energy

Cropping

System

Urban

Agriculture

Eco-friendly

THANK YOU !!!