advanced hillshading and layer tinting techniques

Advanced Hillshading and Layer Tinting Techniques

Advanced methods to create the hillshade

• Swiss method

• MDOW method

• Combining the methods

Swiss hillshade

What this method does is to create two new rasters from the input DEM. The DEM and the two new rasters are used together in the final display.

Explanation of Swiss effect

• “Emphasizes the major geographic features, minimizes the minor features, smoothes irregularities on the slopes, but maintains the rugged characteristics of ridge tops and canyon bottoms…You can then simulate an aerial perspective that makes the higher elevations lighter and the lower elevations darker.”– Barnes, D. 2002. “Using ArcGIS to Enhance Topographic

Presentation”, Cartographic Perspectives 42: 5-11.

Default hillshadeDefault hillshade

Raster calculator gridRaster calculator grid

Median filter gridMedian filter grid

Displaying the Swiss hillshade

Layer tinted DEMLayer tinted DEM

Combined rastersCombined rasters

With bathymetryWith bathymetry

Multi-Directional Oblique Weighting

Explanation of MDOW method

• "Traditional computer-generated shaded-relief maps emphasize structures that happen to be obliquely illuminated, but wash out structures that are illuminated along the structural grain. This … technique, which emphasizes oblique illumination on all surfaces, provides more detail in areas of an image that would otherwise be illuminated by direct light or left in darkness by a single source illumination.“ This model was developed by Dr. Robert Mark, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA, 94025.

MDOW hillshadeMDOW hillshade

Combining methods

• Order of rasters

• Transparency of rasters

• Other settings

All of the rasters togetherAll of the rasters together

• Swiss Hillshade model

• MDOW model

Models to create the hillshades

Symbolizing the hillshades

• Resampling Method

• Transparency Settings

• Effects Toolbar

Symbolizing the hillshades

• Color ramps

• Modify the color ramp colors

• Create a custom color ramp

• Save the color ramp to a style

Elevation (layer) tints

• Creating a custom color ramp

• Stretching the color ramp

• Setting the No Data values

Demo

Style Manager

Contents of a style• Reference Systems• Maplex Labels• Shadows• Area Patches• Line Patches• Labels• North Arrows• Scale Bars• Legend Items• Scale Texts• Color Ramps• Borders• Backgrounds• Colors• Vectorization Settings• Fill Symbols• Line Symbols• Marker Symbols• Text Symbols• Hatches

Color Selector

• RGB

• CMYK

• HSV

Advanced Selection

• RGB - red, green, blue

• CMYK - cyan, magenta, yellow, black

• HSV - hue, saturation, value

• Gray - gray shade ramp

• Names - ArcInfo color names

Cyan

BLU

E -

z

y - GREEN

RED - x

Yellow

Magenta

White(255,255,255)

Black(0,0,0)White(0,0,0)

Blue

Black(255,255,255)

GreenMagenta

Red

RGB

Cyan

BLU

E -

z

y - GREEN

RED - x

Yellow

White(255,255,255)

Black(0,0,0)

RGB CMYK

• For computer screens and television monitors

• For electrostatic and ink-jet plotters that deposit pigment on paper

Black

Green120° Yellow

Red0°

Blue240°

HUE

SATURATION

100% White

VA

LU

EMagenta

HSV

• When you want to change one component of color

Cyan180°

0% 100%

Tips for working with color

• Custom colors are displayed on the color palette

• Right click a color to see its name

• Use a null color to turn off outline drawing or create transparent areas in your symbols

• The Eyedropper Tool lets you identify the RGB values of colors on your map

Color ramps

• Algorithmic color ramp

• Color models

Graphic list of color ramps

List of color ramp names

Algorithms for color ramps

• HSV

• CIE Lab

• Lab LCh

•

• Knowledge Base articles – 17221 – How are the algorithms for color ramps in ArcMap

different?– 22539 – How to create or edit an algorithmic color ramp

Black

Green120° Yellow

Red0°

Blue240°

HUE

SATURATION

100% White

VA

LU

E

Magenta

HSV

Linear traverse of color space between two colors

Cyan180°

0% 100%

Smooth progression from Color 1 to Color 2

CIE Lab – close to human color sensitivity

xx

yy

Similar to the human optic system

Lab Lch

Blue-yellowtinting

Blue-yellowtinting