adapting authentic texts for spiritually valuable and pedagogically useful lessons
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Adapting Authentic Texts for Spiritually Valuable and Pedagogically Useful Lessons
Kitty PurgasonBiola University CELT Dallas 2013
Professor of TESOL at Biola University
Mauritania
Indonesia
Iran
Kuwait
Oman
Vietnam
Tajikistan
China
OverviewIntro: Why bother?Step 1: finding materialsStep 2: creating an openerStep 3: scaffolding textsStep 4: developing more activitiesStep 5: finding more materials for follow-up
1. Finding the core listening or reading text
• Scour public radio, news, blogs, youtubeIdeal: both audio and text
• Choose high quality• Check for cultural, cognitive, and linguistic
demands• Link the topic to your textbook or curriculum• Look for expansion capability• Consider Kingdom values
1. Finding the core listening or reading text• Scour public radio, news, blogs, youtube• Choose high quality• Check for cultural, cognitive, and linguistic demands• Link the topic to your textbook or curriculum• Look for expansion capability
• Consider Kingdom values
2. Creating an opener
Goals:• Get students ready for the main text• Activate schema• Create anticipation• Provide key language• Prompt predictions Possibilities:• Headlines• Visual images • Surveys
We’re going to be listening to a piece from Marketplace, a business show on public radio. Look at this headline. The piece is about a Chinese woman named Ping Fu. Look up “entrepreneurship” and “resilience” in your dictionary.
An entrepreneur is someone who starts a new business. Can you guess what business Ping Fu might have started? Someone who is resilient is strong, happy, or successful after a difficult situation. Can you guess what difficulties Ping Fu has experienced?
People who are resilient usually:Feel in controlHave a personal vision Have strong faithAre able to solve problemsAre socially competentAre proactiveCan get connected and have good relationshipsAre flexibleAre organized
Pros and cons
Which one will fit your available time?Which one will best accomplish your goals?Which one will suit your students?
……….…………………………….…….…………
3. Scaffolding TextsMaking a reading text more comprehensibleMaking a listening text more accessible
Making a reading text more comprehensible
It was announced yesterday that 3D printer manufacturer 3D Systems had acquired Geomagic, a software firm that makes the software that drives them. Tech entrepreneur Ping Fu is the CEO of Geomagic, but don't confuse her with some silver spoon-toting heir to a family business. In fact, Fu's path to success almost seems like the plot of an Ayn Rand novel, a story she tells in her new memoir "Bend Not Break.”
Born in communist China, and raised during the Cultural Revolution, Fu lived an incredibly hard life. Charged with raising her little sister as a girl, never formally educated, raped, imprisoned, and ultimately on the run from her country of birth, she eventually landed in America with a three-word vocabulary: "hello," "thank you" and "help.”
Don’t think wrongly that she is another person
If you are born with a silver spoon in your mouth, you are rich from birth. “Toting” = carrying.
[She was] charged with (= ordered to) raising her little sister as a girl never formally educated raped
imprisoned on the run ( = hurrying to escape) from her country of birth
Ayn Rand wrote novels that are strongly pro-capitalism.
But the lessons of her youth proved to be fuel for her success in tech. First of all, she says, you have to learn who you are authentically and why you want to do what you're trying to do.
(a) She learned many lessons when she was young. These lessons made her successful in the technology business. First of all, she says, you have to learn who you really are. If there is something you are trying to do, you have to know why—what is the reason for your goal and efforts?
(b) In her youth, she worked in the fuel business. This experience proved she could be successful in technology. One lesson she learned was to be authentic. She also says it’s important to learn the reason why you are trying to do whatever it is.
Making a reading text more comprehensible
1. Gloss key lexical items or cultural references2. Paraphrase sections with difficult syntax3. Supplement with an outline 4. Add a diagram, chart, or illustration
Making a listening text more accessible
Making a listening text more accessible
1. Segment the text into manageable pieces2. Use elements from the transcript in tasks
Read this list. Listen. Check the experiences from her childhood that Ping Fu said helped her succeed:
___ self-learning___ experience hardship___ adapt to changes___ study Chinese literature ___ study computer science___ have resilience
SG: When you look back on the hardships of your childhood, how do you think they allowed you to get where you are today?
PF: When I grew up I learned a lot about self-learning and I learned a lot about adopting to changes and I have to have a lot of resilience.
Read this list. Listen. Check the experiences from her childhood that Ping Fu said helped her succeed:
_√_ self-learning___ experience hardship_√_ adapt to changes___ study Chinese literature ___ study computer science_√_ have resilience
Read. Then listen. Are these statements true or false? [If they are false, correct them.]
___ In spite of what the Red Guard said, Ping Fu never believed that she was worthless and a nobody.
___ Between 8 and 18 years old, Ping Fu had no formal education.
___ Ping Fu learned to be a maker of such things as radios, TV sets, and speedometers for cars
SG: Now, you said the Red Guard used to force you to recite the words, “I am a bug. My life is worthless.” Did you believe it at the time?
PF: After I repeated many times that I was nobody I start to believe it.SG: You essentially had no formal education from the time you were
eight years old until the time you were about 18. Were you learning anything during that time?
PF: I did learn a lot of things when I was working in the factories so I think of myself as a maker because I learned how to build radios, TV sets, speedometer for cars.
Read,. Then listen. Are these statements true or false? [If they are false, correct them.]
_F_ In spite of Because of what the Red Guard said and made her repeat Ping Fu never believed that she was worthless and a nobody.
_T_ Between 8 and 18 years old, Ping Fu had no formal education._T_ Ping Fu learned to be a maker of such things as radios, TV sets, and
speedometers for cars
Here is Ping Yu’s advice for entrepreneurs. Talk about what she means. Talk about whether you agree or disagree.Understand who you are authentically.Understand why you want to do what you do.Don’t start a company just because you don’t like
working for another person.Don’t start a company in order to make money. You
have to create value.Now listen to this advice in her words.
Making a listening text more accessible
1. Segment the text into manageable pieces2. Use elements from the transcript in tasks3. Adjust the tasks
First listen: What is the main idea of this piece? (1) Ping Yu is a former Red Guard from China.
She is now an astronaut in the U.S. (2) Ping Yu had a difficult childhood in China, but
survived because of her resilience. She is now a successful entrepreneur in the U.S.
(3) Ping Yu grew up during the Cultural Revolution in China. She now works for NASA in the U.S.
Second listen: Put these events in the order of Ping Yu’s life.
(a) She studies Chinese literature.(b) She starts the company Geomagic.(c) She takes care of her sister when her parents
are sent away.(d) She studies computer science.(e) She moves to the U.S.
4. More activities that fit students’ needs to develop fluency, accuracy, or complexity in speaking or writing
Goal: fluency in oral skillsDiscussion – “Three Words”1. When Ping Fu arrived in the U.S. she knew
three words-- help, thank you, and hello. Do you think these are useful words? What can a person do with them? What might be hard about using these words?
2. If you could choose only three words to know in a new language, what would they be and why?
3. If you could add seven more words to make “top ten,” what would they be and why?
Goal: fluency/accuracy in speaking/writingDiscussion or Writing Prompt – “Being
Successful”
Ping Fu says there are three elements from her childhood that led to her eventual success: self-learning, adaptability, and resilience. Do you agree that these are important to success? Explain why. Talk about additional elements that you think may contribute to a person’s success.
Goal: fluency/accuracy in speakingRole play. In groups of four, dramatize these
parts of Ping Yu’s story. 1. Criticism: Two Red Guards, Ping Yu, Ping Yu’s
sister2. Study: University official, Ping Yu, two
classmates3. Advice: Ping Yu, three young Americans who
want to become entrepreneurs
Official: What is your background?Ping Yu: I’ve been working in factories.Official: Haven’t you been to school?Ping Yu: No. I didn’t have the chance. But Iwant to be an astronaut.Official: Sorry. You need more education to study science.
You will have to major in Chinese literature.[Later]Classmate 1: Let’s study this poem together.Ping Yu: OK. I think it’s about a man on a journey.Classmate 2: It might be a dream, not a real trip.Ping Yu: I can’t believe this is studying—it’s so much fun!
Language analysis
VocabularySyntaxDiscourse
Editing
x After I repeated many times that I was nobody I start to believe it.
x I think it was my little sister... Without her, I don’t know what I would do.
x …and being a little girl wanted to be an astronaut, I feel …
x Some people think they start a company because they didn’t like to work for anyone.
Grammar
Born in communist China and raised during the Cultural Revolution, Fu lived an incredibly hard life.
Charged with raising her little sister as a girl…she eventually landed in America.
Grammar
[She was] Born in communist China and [she was] raised during the Cultural Revolution, Fu lived an incredibly hard life.
[She was] Charged with raising her little sister as a girl… she eventually landed in America.
5. Follow-up materials for more classwork, student projects, or homework
QuotationsSongsAdditional texts for reading/listening
I haven't failed. I've identified 10,000 ways this doesn’t work. – Thomas Edison (1847-1931, American, inventor of the light bulb and more)
Things do not change; we change. – Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862, American, author and philosopher)
I have missed more than 9,000 shots in my career. I have lost almost 300 games. On 26 occasions I have been entrusted to take the game winning shot... and I missed. I have failed over and over and over again in my life. And that's precisely why I succeed. – Michael Jordan (1963- , American, professional basketball player)
I wanted a perfect ending. Now I’ve learned, the hard way, that some poems don’t rhyme, and some stories don’t have a clear beginning, middle and end. Life is about not knowing, having to change, taking the moment and making the best of it, without knowing what’s going to happen next. - Gilda Radner (1946-1989, American, comedienne and actress, ovarian cancer advocate)
You can fall, but you can rise also. - Angelique Kidjo (1960- , from Benin, singer song-writer, advocate for UNICEF) A hero is an ordinary individual who finds the strength to persevere and endure in spite of overwhelming
obstacles. Christopher Reeve (1952-2004, American, actor (“Superman”), activist for those with spinal cord injuries)
Everything can be taken from a man or a woman but one thing: the last of human freedoms -- to choose one's attitude in any given set of circumstances, to choose one's own way. – Viktor Frankl (1905-1997, Austrian, neurologist & psychiatrist, Holocaust survivor)
Character cannot be developed in ease and quiet. Only through experience of trial and suffering can the soul be strengthened, vision cleared, ambition inspired and success achieved. – Helen Keller (1880-1968, American, deaf and blind, author and speaker)
Weeping may last during the night, but joy comes in the morning. –David (Hebrew poet, Psalm 30:5, the Bible)
I haven't failed. I've identified 10,000 ways this doesn’t work – Thomas Edison
A hero is an ordinary individual who finds the strength to persevere and endure in spite of overwhelming obstacles. – Christopher Reeve
Everything can be taken from a man or a woman but one thing: the last of human freedoms -- to choose one's attitude in any given set of circumstances. – Viktor Frankl You can fall, but
you can rise also. – Angelique Kidjo
Possible tasks for groups:1. Rate the quotations from most to least favorite. Be ready
to explain why.2. Who else might have said something similar to this
quotation? Why?3. Think of personal examples when this quotation was true
in your life.
Weeping may last during the night, but joy comes in the morning. Psalm 30:5
Songs
Yolanda Adams (R&B, gospel)Visions that can change the world, trapped inside an ordinary girl She looks just like me, too afraid to dream out loud And though it's simple, your idea, it won't make sense to everybody You need courage now if you're gonna persevere…
Keep the dream alive, don't let it die If something deep inside keeps inspiring you to try, don't stop And never give up, don't ever give up on you
Andy Grammer (pop)I've been waiting on the sunset
Bills on my mindsetI can't deny they're getting highHigher than my incomeIncome’s bread crumbsI've been trying to survive
The glow that the sun getsRight around sunsetHelps me realizeThis is just a journeyDrop your worriesYou are gonna turn out fine.Oh, you turn out fine.Fine, oh, you turn out fine.
But you gotta keep your head up….
Third Day (rock)I won't pretend to know what you're thinkingI can't begin to know what you're going
throughI won't deny the pain that you're feelingBut I'm gonna try and give a little hope to youJust remember what I've told youThere's so much you're living for…There's a light at the end of this tunnel
Longer reading or listening texts
Step 1
Step 2
………….?……………?……….?…………..?
1. Trust your brain2. Adjust your perspective3. Don’t fight your defenses4. Accept what you can’t change5. Know this too shall pass6. Seek out your hidden strength
ProcessIntro: Why bother?Step 1: finding materialsStep 2: creating an openerStep 3: scaffolding textsStep 4: developing more activitiesStep 5: finding more materials for follow-up
Remember
• What are your course objectives?• Become familiar with types of activities (e.g.,
rotating discussion centers, jigsaw reading, students presenting vocabulary).
• How much time do you have?• Share.
Summary
Step 1: Start with a good text—something to read, listen to, or watch. Find related materials too.
Step 2: Use a visual, headline, or survey for an opener to get students ready for the main text
Step 3: Present the main text—with adequate scaffoldinga. Main idea firstb. More details laterStep 4: Add more speaking, writing, or language analysis
activitiesStep 5: Use related materials for more activities students
can do for individual homework or group projects
Q&A
For a copy of the presentation seehttp://tesolresourcesfromkitty2.pbworks.com
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