abc's of ss
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ABC’s of Social Studies
by Tammy Kea
ELED 412
A is for Articles of Confederation
• During the Revolutionary War• Defined new government• Representatives from 13 states with limited power• Congress can’t declare war or raise $ for war• Congress could ask for soldiers• Printed own $ and taxes on imports• Common citizenship, uniform weights & measures,
dealt with Native Americans• Served as government till 1789
B is for Boston Massacre
• British sent troops to Boston• Several colonists were killed• Boston Tea Party – dumping of tea in harbor to
protest taxation• Led to American War of Independence
B is for Battle of Gettysburg
• 1863 – 50,000 soldiers from North & South died• President Lincoln’s eulogy the fallen men at the
Gettysburg Address• 5 years of fighting, millions of $ in property loss• 1865 – Confederate General Robert E Lee
surrendered to Union General Ulysses S. Grant
C is for Constitution
• 6 years after Articles of Confederation• Met in Philadelphia in 1787• George Washington, James Madison, Benjamin
Franklin & Alexander Hamilton• 1788 – ratified• 1789 – George Washington elected as first president• 3 branches of govt. – executive, judicial & legislative• A checks & balances system
C is for Civil Rights Movement
• Three amendments added to constitution• Lots of segregation rules• 1896 – Pless v Ferguson: legal separation• 1947 – Jackie Robinson: 1st black baseball player• 1948 – integration of blacks into armed forces• 1955 – Rosa Parks refused to give up seat on bus• NAACP, Dr. MLK Jr. speech & assassination 1968,• JFK proposed new civil rights laws, assassinated in 1963• 1964 – Civil Rights Act passed prohibited segregation
C is for the Civil War
• Slavery topic of presidential election in 1860• Southern Democrats backed proslavery John
C. Breckinridge of Kentucky• New Republican backed antislavery Abraham
Lincoln **winner**• Recession of southern states• Southern states elected Jefferson Davis as
president
D is for Declaration of Independence
• Signed on July 4, 1776 by Thomas Jefferson• Freedom and independence • Rights to all people
D is for D-Day
• Hitler’s control of Europe• 1944 - US joined England & French govt. to
invade Europe • Eisenhower & Allied soldiers crossed English
Channel into France• This large attack is known as D-Day• France was freed of German Power• Axis forces defeated
E is for the Enlightenment
• Also know as The Age of Reason• 17th & 18th centuries questions about religion,
govt., and individual freedom• Led to American War of Independence, French
Revolution, American Revolution
F is for Flag
• 50 stars = 50 states of the union• Red = hardiness & valor• White = purity & innocence• Blue = vigilance, perseverance & justice • 1777 – 13 stars for colonies, 13 red/white
stripes• 1818 – set stripes at 13, add a star for each
state
G is for the Great Depression
• After WWI• US prosperity• October 29, 1929 – stock market crash• Lasted 10 years
H is for (New) Hampshire
• Founded by two groups• 1623 – # 1 is a fishing village by John Mason• 1638 – #2 is called Exeter by John
Wheelwright
I is for Industrial Revolution & Modern Technology
• England in mid-18th century• Inventions, mining of fossil fuels• Improvement of steam engine & industrial machines• 1810 – Frederick Koenig invented printing press• 1836 – Samuel colt invented revolver• 1856 – Louis Pasteur invented pasteurization• 1876 – Alexander Graham Bell patents phone• 1903 – Wright brothers invent gas airplane• 1914 – Henry Ford first American car• 1946 – Atomic bomb invented• 1985 – Microsoft invents Window
J is for (New) Jersey
• 1623 – by Dutch• 1644 – by King George II• Territory given to King George’s brother, Duke
of York• Duke gave it to Sir George Carteret and Lord
Berkeley• 1702 – became an English colony
K is for Ku Klux Klan
• Secret society during Reconstruction• Wanted to enforce & terrorize African
Americans• Divided South by color• New laws formed called Jim Crow laws
L is for the Liberty Bell
• Symbol of freedom and liberty• 50th anniversary of Pennsylvania’s original
constitution, the William Penn’s Charter of Privileges
• Summon the people to hear Declaration of Independence
M is for Middle Colonies
• New York• New Jersey• Delaware• Maryland• Pennsylvania• Farming, shipping, fishing, trading
N is for New England Colonies
• Massachusetts• Connecticut• Rhode Island• New Hampshire• Farming, fishing, lumber & crafts
O is for (Juan de) Onate
• 1595 – permission from King Phillip II to colonize New Mexico
• 1598 – founded first European settlement west of Mississippi
˜
P is for Pledge of Allegiance
• Declaration of patriotism• First time in 1892 for 400th anniversary of the
discovery of America• 1942 – official recognition by Congress• 1954 – “Under God” added, stand, remove
hats, right hand over heart
Q is for Quakers
• Group that settled in Pennsylvania that were persecuted for their religion
• William Penn helped create a safe place for the group
R is for Reconstruction Era
• 1865 – 1877: unification• Primarily fought in South and almost destroyed• Characterized by hatred and violence• Lincoln’s assassinated in 1865 – leadership given to Andrew
Johnson (later impeached)• 14th Amendment enforced to Southern states• 1870 – TX & FL back in Union
S is for Star-Spangled Banner
• National anthem in 1931• Poem by Francis Scott Key during Battle of
Baltimore/War of 1812
S is for Statue of Liberty
• Gift of friendship from France for 100th anniversary
• Universal symbol of freedom, democracy, and international friendship
S is for Slavery
• 1619 – Dutch brought first slaves• 1640 thru 1680 - #’s increased• Eli Whitney’s cotton gin increased slave trade• 1774 – regulating/prohibiting slavery• 1798 to 1808 – 200,000 slaves• 1804 – emancipation laws let to American Civil War• 1862 – Abraham Lincoln issued Emancipation Proclamation• 13th Amendment – slavery abolishment• 14th Amendment – granted African Americans full Citizenship
(1866)• 15th Amendment – African American men voting rights (1866)
S is for Spanish American War of 1898
• US established power of Caribbean Sea & Pacific Ocean
• US gained control of Philippines, Guam & Puerto Rico
• Then, Philippines became independent and Puerto Rico & Guam remained US territories/became citizens
T is for Temperance Movement
• 1830’s – began• 1855 – prohibit alcohol consumption• 1919 – prohibit alcohol consumption at
national level, never fully enforced• Al Capone made $$$ selling alcohol• 1933 – 14 years of prohibition, 21st
Amendment repealed prohibition
U is for United States “Great Seal”
• A bald eagle holding an olive branch and a bundle of arrows
• Olive branch = peace• Arrows = military strength• Eagle = holds a scroll with nation’s motto “E
Pluribus Unum” “Out of many, one”
V is for Virginia
• 1607 by Cpt John smith• Natives ordered his death• Saved by Pocahontas• Pocahontas didn’t marry Smith, married John
Rolfe
W is for World History Encyclopedia
• Ancient World: humans/farmers/civilizations of Babylon, Egypt, Europe, Greece, Romans, Africa & India
• Middle Ages: Byzantine, rise of Islam, Vikings, China, Hundred Years’ War
• Age of Discovery: Renaissance, Aztec, Spain, Ming dynasty• Revolution & Industry: Russian, China, US, French
Revolution, American Civil War• Modern World: Women’s rights, WW1, Great Depression,
WW2, Cold War, Korean/Vietnam War, globalization
W is for White House
• Originally called the President’s House• 1791 – planned for George Washington• 1800 – completed and first occupied by John
Adams• 1901 – christened by Theodore Roosevelt
W is for Women’s Rights
• 19 Amendment – right to vote• 1963 – Equal Pay Act = better job/pay• 1964 – Civil Rights Act = race/gender• 1966 – The Feminine Mystique by Betty
Friedan & formation of NOW• 1972 – Equal Rights Amendment = rights for
women
W is for World War I
• 1st global war• Allies: England, France, Russia & Italy• Central Powers : Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey & Bulgaria• Americans tried to remain neutral to benefit from trading• German submarine destroyed Allied ships and sank American
cargo• President Wilson asked to declare war on German & Central
Powers• 1918 – Allies victory • Treaty of Versailles – ended war, Central Powers had to pay for
war
W is for World War II
• German global confrontation from the Treaty of Versailles after WWI
• Adolf Hitler mad about treatment in WWI• Axis Powers – Germany, Italy & Japan• Allies - Russia, France & England• 1939 - Germany invaded Poland. France & England declared
war on Germany• Hitler conquered Europe• US supported Allies with supplies & weapons but not troops• 1941 - US joined war when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor
X is for TeXas
• 1845 – became the 27th state of American union
• 1901 – oil discovered in Spindletop Oil Field near Beaumont
• Second largest state• Contains 5 geographic regions
Y is for (New) York
• 1624 – by Dutch• 1674 – by British• 1685 – became a royal colony• Statue of Liberty is located there
Z is for (Lorenzo) Zavala
• Vice President for the republic of Texas before the Battle of the Alamo
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