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Basic Guide to Shelters Easy Guide for Choosing the Best Shelter for Survival
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© A Basic Guide to Shelters: Easy Guide for
Choosing the Best Shelter for Survival
Short Guide for Choosing the Best Shelter for
Survival
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. What Kind of Shelter Do I Need? ............................................................................................ 3
2. Basement Shelters ..................................................................................................................... 5
3. Storm Cellar Shelters & In-ground Shelters ........................................................................... 6
4. Shelter Rooms & Above-ground Shelters .............................................................................. 8
5. Bomb Shelters & Bunkers ...................................................................................................... 10
6. Sheltering from Floods ........................................................................................................... 12
7. Using Snow for Sheltering ..................................................................................................... 15
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Basic Guide to Shelters Easy Guide for Choosing the Best Shelter for Survival
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© A Basic Guide to Shelters: Easy Guide for
Choosing the Best Shelter for Survival
1. What Kind of Shelter Do I Need?
Depending on the region you live in, and the range of possible
disasters you wish to prepare for, there are a variety of emergency
shelters you can purchase or construct to better prepare yourself.
You may not be in the market for a post-nuclear holocaust
bunker, but you may very well be living in an area that is at risk
from floods, severe storms, earthquakes and tornadoes or other
natural disasters. While you can’t prepare for every possible
scenario, you can ensure that you and your family have adequate
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© A Basic Guide to Shelters: Easy Guide for
Choosing the Best Shelter for Survival
shelter from the most common natural disasters in your area.
In this short guide we’ll explore some of the basics of tornado and
severe weather shelters, ranging from reinforced basements to in-
ground and above-ground shelters.
I’ll also touch on some tips and suggestions for those who are
interested in constructing a more bunker-like shelter.
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© A Basic Guide to Shelters: Easy Guide for
Choosing the Best Shelter for Survival
2. Basement Shelters
The basement is the de facto shelter location in many homes,
chiefly because it is built below (or semi-below) ground level.
When there’s nowhere more secure to take shelter, your
basement really can be your best bet, especially in the case of a
tornado or other extremely windy event.
If you’re building your house and intend to use the basement for
shelter purposes, reinforced concrete walls are one surefire way to
add further security to your future shelter. For increased flood
protection, you can also build your basement or renovate it with
waterproof materials and reinforced storm windows.
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© A Basic Guide to Shelters: Easy Guide for
Choosing the Best Shelter for Survival
3. Storm Cellar Shelters & In-ground
Shelters
A storm cellar or an in-ground storm shelter can be invaluable in
areas where you’re at risk from tornadoes or other severe weather
with high wind speeds.
When that wind starts picking up, there’s hardly anywhere safer
than your own little hidey-hole in the ground. In-ground storm
shelters can be built or bought, and are frequently made of
concrete reinforced with rebar. Steel constructed storm shelters
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© A Basic Guide to Shelters: Easy Guide for
Choosing the Best Shelter for Survival
can also be bought and installed, oftentimes as conveniently as
within your own garage or just outside your back door.
If you’re building your own house, an in-ground storm shelter can
be incorporated into your building plans with little additional
effort and minimal cost.
Many homeowners throughout the Midwest have had in-ground
shelters on their property for decades and they swear by them.
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© A Basic Guide to Shelters: Easy Guide for
Choosing the Best Shelter for Survival
4. Shelter Rooms & Above-ground
Shelters
For the sake of convenience, or in the event that you or your
family members need a shelter in an easy-to-access location,
there are a variety of premade, above-ground shelters available.
Alternatively, a room in your house can also be turned into a
dedicated shelter room or a closet can be used to house a
portable, premade shelter.
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© A Basic Guide to Shelters: Easy Guide for
Choosing the Best Shelter for Survival
Premade, above-ground shelters come in a wide range of sizes,
and can be set up in your back yard or in your garage.
If you live in an area that is at risk of regular or major earthquakes,
incorporating a shelter room into the design of your house can be
an especially useful precaution. Along the West Coast of the
United States and throughout the so-called ‘ring of fire’ in the
Pacific Ocean, there are many areas that are prone to regular
earthquakes, and they aren’t always small ones.
Indeed, the 7.1 magnitude earthquake that struck Japan and
caused the crippling Fukushima nuclear disaster, happened along
the same ‘ring of fire’ that stretches along the West Coast, and it
followed an earlier earthquake of 9.0 that struck in the same
region.
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© A Basic Guide to Shelters: Easy Guide for
Choosing the Best Shelter for Survival
5. Bomb Shelters & Bunkers
For those who like to be prepared for just about everything, the
bomb shelter / nuclear fallout bunker may be worth
consideration.
This endeavor is not for the faint of heart, as bomb shelters can
range in price from a few thousand dollars and a lot of DIY work,
to the kind of stuff you hear about celebrities building for tens of
millions of dollars, and everything in between.
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© A Basic Guide to Shelters: Easy Guide for
Choosing the Best Shelter for Survival
If you have the know-how to build it yourself or money is no
object, though, you can create your own bomb shelter, zoning
and planning paperwork aside.
Your typical bomb shelter can be built from reinforced concrete
and/or steel and other materials, but the golden rule is that
you’ve gotta bury that sucker. And bury it deep, typically 3 ft. or
deeper. If you’ve identified a likely target for nuclear attack within
your area, the location and depth of your bomb shelter will be all
the more important as you’ll want to consider how to avoid
radioactive fallout.
After a nuclear attack, you may need to stay in your shelter for
upwards of two weeks, so sufficient food, water and medical
supplies are another essential.
When building your shelter, pay special attention to the location
of any water mains, sewer lines or electricity cables that may be
buried on your property. You’ll also want to take precautions to
waterproof your shelter if possible, in order to avoid the shelter
being damaged by flooding.
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© A Basic Guide to Shelters: Easy Guide for
Choosing the Best Shelter for Survival
6. Sheltering from Floods
If you have the option of buying a home on high-ground or of
building your own home on higher ground, this is one of the best
ways to protect your home from potential future floods.
Building on high ground isn’t always an option, though, and
sometimes floods can get so bad that even if you did build on
higher ground, you weren’t able to build high enough to escape
the water.
Worse still, most insurance policies consider floods to be
uninsurable acts of God, so when serious flooding happens in a
residential area it can be especially devastating.
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© A Basic Guide to Shelters: Easy Guide for
Choosing the Best Shelter for Survival
With the help of modern science, barriers designed for effective
flood protection have been developed to suit a wide variety of
needs.
From literally building your house out of flood-damage resistant
materials to renovating an existing property for better flood
control and protection, there are many options available to help
you better flood-proof your property.
Permanent flood barriers with built-in flood gates are one option
where flooding is frequent or recurs during certain times of the
year. If your chief priority is the flood-proofing of your home
rather than your whole property, then doors, windows and other
entryways into the house can be renovated with flood-proof glass,
specialized UPVC flood doors, and even the walls and siding of
the house can be adapted to allow for the easy installation of
additional UPVC boards as in the FloodArc.
Alternatively, you can also protect your property or other
important tracts of land from flood-waters with the use of
portable flood barriers.
Portable methods such as the Floodstop barrier, the Rapidam or
the AquaDam can all be erected quickly to protect against
incoming floodwater, with an average height of 1 – 2 yards. These
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© A Basic Guide to Shelters: Easy Guide for
Choosing the Best Shelter for Survival
portable methods are designed to fill up with the rising
floodwater, effectively fighting water with water.
One more source of floodwater in the home, which is somewhat
nasty and often overlooked until after the fact, is the sewer that
connects to your toilets. During particularly bad floods, many
people have found themselves ankle-deep or worse in sewer
water that has been backed up into their homes from their toilets.
You can avoid having this happen to you by simply having a
sewer non-return valve installed for your property. More
sophisticated valves may even incorporate a pump action to allow
you to continue using and flushing your toilets during a flood by
pumping the waste out against the pressure and flow of the
overly full sewer pipes.
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© A Basic Guide to Shelters: Easy Guide for
Choosing the Best Shelter for Survival
7. Using Snow for Sheltering
Aside from providing you with drinking water, snow can be used
in a very different way in a survival situation. You can actually
build yourself a storm shelter, a snow burrow, so to speak, or an
Igloo, just like the Eskimo.
Realistically speaking, building yourself an Igloo is pretty hard
work and you can succumb to hypothermia while you’re at it,
especially if you aren’t physically fit or don’t have the skills and
the necessary tools.
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Choosing the Best Shelter for Survival
It’s pretty hard work piling up a huge mound of snow, letting it
settle and digging out your shelter in the interior. It will exhaust
you quickly and that can be fatal in a survival situation.
The most efficient way to protect yourself from the cold outside is
to bury yourself into a nice hole in the snow; it’s relatively easy
and works like a charm. We kid you not – wolves in the Arctic
regions do this to protect themselves from the winter storms if
they need to.
You will have to dig yourself a snow trench shelter, not too high
and not too wide, so it will be heat up from what your body
generates.
A large shelter is more difficult to heat up, naturally, so only make
the space a little bigger than your body. Making a larger-than-
necessary shelter can be a fatal error when it’s very cold outside,
because it will actually steal your body heat instead of conserving
it.
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