a simple unified control plane for packet and circuit networks saurav das, guru parulkar, nick...
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A Simple Unified ControlPlane for Packet and Circuit
Networks
Saurav Das, Guru Parulkar, Nick McKeown
Stanford University
2
Motivation
PRODUCTIONRESEARCH
NEEDED: Realistic ways to try out ideas at scale
Many great ideasnone transferred to Production networks
3
New Ideas
• Mobility Management
• Network Security
• Energy Management
• Alternatives to BGP, new routing
• Network Measurement
• Things we haven’t thought of…
Motivation
DeploymentIdea Standardize
Wait 10 years
Exceedingly high barrier to change
• Massive installed base of equipment & protocols – requires backward compatibility
• Rigid nature of platform – closed system, vendor proprietary OS
• Fear of network instability - discourages network operators from innovation - conservatively managed
• Power to control network no longer in SP’s hand
SoftwareControl
Router
HardwareDatapath
20Million linesof source code
5389 RFCsBarrier to entry
500M gates10Gbytes RAM
Bloated Power Hungry( 15 kW/shelf )
We lost our way
Motivation
SoftwareControl
Router
HardwareDatapath
Auth
entica
tion,
Secu
rity, A
ccess
Contro
l
HELLO
6
MPLS
NATIPV6
anycastmulticas
tMobile IP
L3 VPN
L2 VPN VLANOSPF-TE
RSVP-TEHELLOHELLO
Firewall
Multi layer m
ulti
region
iBGP,
eBGP
IPSec
Motivation
Many complex functions baked into the infrastructure
We lost our way
More coming ……
LMP
HELLO
7
UNI
TL-1GMPLS
PBB-TECarrier
EthernetMPLS-TP
ASON
ENNI intra
ENNI inter
OSPF-TE
RSVP-TEHELLOHELLO
CORBA
L1VPN
,
L2VPN
PCE PWE3
Motivation
Lots of baggage from L3
We lost our way
More extensions coming ……
A Clean Slate Approach
8
Goal: Put an Open platform in hands of researchers/students to test new ideas at
scaleApproach:
1. Define OpenFlow feature2. Work with vendors to add OpenFlow to their switches
3. Deploy on college campus networks4. Create experimental open-source software - researchers can build on each other’s work
9
Open Source Networking
What will networks look like in 10 years from now?
10
De-coupling Control & Data Planes
RoutingSignaling
Control
Data
11
Signaling
Control
Data
Controller
De-coupling Control & Data Planes
12
Signaling
Control
Data
Simple, Robust, ReliableData Path
Controller
DecoupledAutomated Control
De-coupling Control & Data Planes
Open Interface
Into Hardware
The Flow Abstraction
Rule(exact & wildcard)
Action Statistics
Rule(exact & wildcard)
Action Statistics
Rule(exact & wildcard)
Action Statistics
Rule(exact & wildcard)
Default Action Statistics
Exploit the flow table in switches, routers, and chipsets
Flow 1.
Flow 2.
Flow 3.
Flow N.
e.g. Port, VLAN ID, L2, L3, L4, …
e.g. unicast, mcast, map-to-queue, drop
Count packets & bytesExpiration time/count
14
Controller
OpenFlow Switch
FlowTableFlowTable
SecureChannelSecureChannel
OpenFlow
Protocol
SSL
hw
sw
http://openflowswitch.org
OpenFlow Switching
• Add/delete flow entry• Encapsulated packets• Controller discovery
A Flow is any combination of above fields described in the Rule
OpenFlow is Backward Compatible
Ethernet Switching
*
SwitchPort
MACsrc
MACdst
Ethtype
VLANID
IPSrc
IPDst
IPProt
TCPsport
TCPdport
Action
* 00:1f:..* * * * * * * port6
Application Firewall
*
SwitchPort
MACsrc
MACdst
Ethtype
VLANID
IPSrc
IPDst
IPProt
TCPsport
TCPdport
Action
* * * * * * * * 22 drop
IP Routing
*
SwitchPort
MACsrc
MACdst
Ethtype
VLANID
IPSrc
IPDst
IPProt
TCPsport
TCPdport
Action
* * * * *5.6.7.8
* * * port6
OpenFlow allows layers to be combined
VLAN + App
*
SwitchPort
MACsrc
MACdst
Ethtype
VLANID
IPSrc
IPDst
IPProt
TCPsport
TCPdport
Action
* * * vlan1 * * * * 80 port6, port7
Flow Switching
port3
SwitchPort
MACsrc
MACdst
Ethtype
VLANID
IPSrc
IPDst
IPProt
TCPsport
TCPdport
Action
00:1f..
0800 vlan11.2.3.4
5.6.7.8
417264
80 port600:2e..
port3
SwitchPort
MACsrc
MACdst
Ethtype
VLANID
IPSrc
IPDst
IPProt
TCPsport
TCPdport
Action
08005.6.7.8
4port 10
00:2e..
Port + Ethernet + IP
* ****
ControllerFlow Example
OpenFlowProtocol
Rule Action Statistics
Rule Action Statistics Rule Action Statistics
A Flow is the fundamentalunit of manipulation within a switch
Routing
OpenFlow Status
Commercial hardwareJuniper, HP, Cisco, NEC, (Broadcom)
Deployed in 3 buildings at Stanford
Deployed in Internet2
Plans for deployment in7 other campuses,
Other RENS – NLR, JGNII, Federica
19
Can we create a way for networking researchers to testtheir ideas at scale…
..in networks that include both packet and circuit switches
20
OpenFlow & Circuit Switches
Exploit the cross-connect table in circuit switches
Packet FlowsSwitc
hPort
MACsrc
MACdst
Ethtype
VLANID
IPSrc
IPDst
IPProt
TCPsport
TCPdport
Action
20
Circuit Flows
Signal Type
VCG20 Signal Type
VCG
Once we have a Flow abstraction,… does it really matter what the underlying switching technology is … packet or circuit?
VCG3
P1 VC4 1 P3 VC4 7
IN OUT
21
TDMCircuitSwitch Fabric
GE ports
TDM ports
Packet Switch Fabric
OpenFlow(software)
Packet Switch Fabric
R A S R A S
IP 10.12.3.4
+VLAN2, P1
VLAN2 VCG 3
OpenFlow(software)
VLAN 1025 +VLAN7, P1
VLAN7 VCG7 VCG7
P1 VC4 4 P2 VC410
Mapping Packet Flows to Circuit Flows
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Simple Unified Control Plane
FlowNetwork
23
Simple Unified Control Plane
FlowNetwork
… that switch at different granularities: packet, time-slot, lambda & fiber
Packet and Circuit FlowsCommonly Controlled & Managed
Simple,Robust,Reliablenetwork of Flow Switches
Congestion ControlQoS
24
OpenFlow enables innovation
NetworkRecovery
RoutingTraffic
Engineering
PowerMgmt
Security Discove
ry
• Service Provider not handcuffed to the limitations of the platform
• Returns control to the stakeholders of the network
• Open-source networking
Congestion Control
25
Example of what we could try..
TrafficEngineering
26
Example of what we could try..
TrafficEngineering
27
Example of what we could try..
28
Example of others may try..
• All Optical Network control
• New ways to plan and dimension
networks
• Network recovery
• Network discovery
• Power management
• Things we haven’t thought of…
Summary
29
• OpenFlow allows research community to try new ideas at scale
in networks with packet and circuit switches leading to transfer of technology from research to industry – a transfer that barely exists today
• Suggests how networks might be architected in the future
allow new ideas to be tested in one slice before being deployed in the production slice
• We are in the process of convincing circuit switch vendors to add the OpenFlow interface
http://openflowswitch.org
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