a look at our nearest neighbor in space! -...
Post on 20-Mar-2018
229 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
A look at our nearest
neighbor in Space!
The Moon
Free powerpoints at http://www.worldofteaching.com
What is the Moon?
• A natural satellite
• The only satellite of the planet
Earth
• about ¼ the size of Earth
Location, location, location!
• About 384,000 km
(240,000 miles)
from Earth
Birth of the Moon
• “Born” 4-5 billion years ago
• Formed most likely from impact of Mars-sized object on Earth
Movements of the Moon
• Revolution – Moon orbits
the Earth every 27-1/3
days
• The moon rises in the east
and sets in the west
• The moon rises and sets
50 minutes later each day
• Rotation – Moon turns on
its axis every 27-1/3 days
• Same side of Moon
always faces Earth
Apogee – when the moon is farthest from Earth
Perigee – when moon is closest to Earth
It’s Just a Phase
• Moonlight is reflected
sunlight
• Half the moon’s surface is
always reflecting light
• From Earth we see
different amounts of the
Moon’s lit surface
• The amount seen is called
a “phase”
FULL
QUARTER
CRESCENT
GIBBOUS
FOUR MAIN SHAPES
Waxing and Waning
• New moon
• Waxing Crescent moon
• First Quarter moon
• Waxing Gibbous moon
• Full moon
• Waning Gibbous moon
• Third Quarter moon
• Waning Crescent moon
• New moon
earth
moon orbit̀ s
earth
last (third)quarter
gibbous moon
full moon
gibbous moon
first quarter
crescent
new moon
crescent
waning Moon
waxing Moon
SUN
Umbra – Total shadow
cast by an object.
Penumbra – partial
shadow cast by an
object.
Lunar Eclipses
• Moon moves into
Earth’s umbra – this
shadow darkens the
Moon completely
• Can only occur at full
moon phase.
About 2-3 per year
• Last up to 4 hours but
total eclipse only lasts
minutes.
Solar Eclipses
• Tip of Moon’s umbra falls on Earth creating shadow on part of the earth.
• Can only occur at new moon phase.
Total eclipses from one location are rare – only once every 360 years! But they happen all the time!
Solar Eclipses.m4v
Earth
Moon
Moon Plane of earth’s orbit
Plane of lunar orbit
Why don’t we see eclipses all the time?
Tides The daily rise and fall of the ocean surface due to
the gravitational pull of the moon and sun.
Gravity of the Moon
• Gravity is stronger when objects are closer together.
• The moon pulls the water on the side of Earth nearest to it more than it pulls the Earth itself. This causes a bulge in the ocean on the side of Earth nearest the moon. This bulge is called the direct high tide.
• Indirect high tide is the bulge in the ocean on the side of Earth that is opposite the moon caused by Earth being pulled away from the water.
High Tide
When the tide reaches its highest point on the shore.
Low Tide When the tide reaches its lowest point on the shore. Low tides occur when water is
pulled away from the areas that lie between the two high tides.
When does High Tide occur?
The moon rises 50 minutes later each day (lunar month is 27 1/3 days)
and so do the tides.
Direct and indirect high tide create 2 high tides and 2 low tides every 24
hrs. 50 min.
Tidal Range The vertical difference between the water level at
high and low tide.
Ex. Bay of Fundy
High tide = 61ft
Low tide = 7 ft 6 in
Tidal range = ?
Gravity of the Sun
The sun is farther away from Earth so the pull is not as strong as the moon’s.
Spring Tides - when Earth, sun and moon line up together.
High tides will be higher and low tides lower. Happens 2 times per lunar month.
Neap Tides - when sun, Earth and moon are at
a right angle.
High tides are lower and low tides are higher.
Happens 2 times per lunar month.
Name this phase!
Full Moon
What time does this phase rise and set?
Name this phase!
First Quarter
Name this phase!
Waxing Crescent
Name this phase!
Waning
Gibbous
Name this
phase!
Third Quarter
From what direction does
the moon rise?
The East
Name this phase!
Waxing Gibbous
Name this phase!
Waning Crescent
What might be happening in this image?
Lunar Eclipse
Name this phase!
Look closely!
Waxing Gibbous
Name this phase!
Full Moon
Name this phase!
New Moon
Does the moon rise or set in the west?
It sets in the west.
Name this phase!
Waning Gibbous
Name this
phase!
Waning Crescent
Name this phase!
Waning Gibbous
top related