a history of political thought

PRESENTED BY :

2

TITLE

WRITTEN BY:Subrata MukherjeeSushila Ramaswamy

ANURAG JAIN PGFM/11/012

3

About The Author…….

ANURAG JAIN PGFM/11/012

4

SUBRATA MUKHERJEE

1. Mukherjee is Professor and Head, Department of Political Science, University of Delhi.

2. Ph.D. from Indiana University.3. Member of :-

• IPSA• ASRC• Indian Political Association

ANURAG JAIN PGFM/11/012

5

SUSHILA RAMASWAMY

Ramaswamy is with the Department of Political Science, Jesus and Marry College, University of Delhi.

ANURAG JAIN PGFM/11/012

6

About The Book…….

ANURAG JAIN PGFM/11/012

7

The Book tells about issues of political discourse like…….

Power Art and science of leadership Factors of stability Change and conversion Relationship between ethics, politics and economics Role of women in society

ANURAG JAIN PGFM/11/012

8

THINKERS…….

ANURAG JAIN PGFM/11/012

9

1. Plato2. Aristotle3. Niccolo Machiavelli4. Thomas Hobbes5. John Locke6. Jean Jacques Rousseau7. Edmund Burke8. Jeremy Bentham9. George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel10.John Stuart Mill11.Karl Marx

ANURAG JAIN PGFM/11/012

10

WHAT IS POLITICAL THEORY

A personal endeavor to understand and experience the present political reality and also to evolve a mechanism in order to transcend the present imperfect society to perfection and a more just order.

ANURAG JAIN PGFM/11/012

11

It Includes studies of……

• Evolution• Nature• Composition• Need• Understanding of human perception

ANURAG JAIN PGFM/11/012

12

About the Thinkers and their Thinking……..

ANURAG JAIN PGFM/11/012

13

THINKERS ISSUES

THOMAS HOBBES JOHN LOCKE JEAN JACQUES ROUSSEAU

1.) HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

Premature Birth at the time of CIVIL WAR on the street

“I AND FEAR ARE TWINS”

Birth at the time of Glorious/bloodless revolution (Constitutional monarchy in place of absolute monarchy)

Unsettled childhood, poor family, no education.

2.) HUMAN NATURE

Selfish, brutal, cruel Good, peaceful, cooperative

Innocent (not good and not bad)

ANURAG JAIN PGFM/11/012

14

3.) STATE OF NATURE

Anarchy Peaceful Pre-property stage – HunterPost-property stage – Anarchy

4.) NATURE OF CONTRACT

Hypothetical Historical Hypothetical

5.) OBJECTIVE OF CONTRACT

Preservation of life

Nature right –• life• liberty• property

ANURAG JAIN PGFM/11/012

15

6.) STAGE OF CONTRACT

One Two One

7.) NATURE OF GOVERNMENT

Absolute leviathan Limited Absolute• force freedom• headless leviathan

8.) ISSUE OF SECULARISM

On the basis of :• religion – secular•Number – not tolerant

Secular and tolerant Secular but not tolerant

ANURAG JAIN PGFM/11/012

16

9.) ISSUE OF DEMOCRACY

1st individual but not democratic

Over democratic

Democratic to some aspect

10.) RIGHT TO REVOLT

If government does not protect your life then do revolt

Appeal to heaven (right to revolt)

If do not follow general rule(YES)

ANURAG JAIN PGFM/11/012

17

CONCLUSION

ANURAG JAIN PGFM/11/012

18

Circumstances make perception of individual

Individual wants to change the things around him/her according to his/her perception

ANURAG JAIN PGFM/11/012

19

THANK YOU

ANURAG JAIN PGFM/11/012