a bit of history
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ICPD AT 15
The Final Push: Accelerating Implementation of
the Cairo Consensus on Population and Development
10 March 2009Bern, Switzerland
Leyla AlyanakUNFPA GENEVA
A bit of history
1994 ICPD
1999 ICPD + 5: Governments reaffirm support
2000 Millennium Summit Declaration and MDGs
2004 ICPD + 10
2005 World Summit
2007 New MDG framework and new RH target 5B
2009 ICPD + 15
Broad view of population Human rights approach “Reproductive health and rights” Life cycle approach Development dimension Objective rights Integrated into MDGs New issues Principle of equity, especially for vulnerable groups Multisectoral involvement: CS/PS/Govts Recognition of longer timescales (demographic processes take
time) Governments could at last measure progress
ICPD: a unique event
ICPD: the new target
Target 5A: reduce by three-quarters, between 1990 and 2015, the maternal mortality rate
Target 5B: achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health
Indicators for monitoring progress:• 5.3 Contraceptive prevalence rate• 5.4 Adolescent birth rate• 5.5 Ante-natal care coverage• 5.6 Unmet need for FP
ICPD and the MDGs
1. Social determinants
2. Equity
3. Human rights
4. Interrelationships
5. Demographic issues
A few examples…
MDG 5Improving Maternal Health
No woman should die giving life
536 000 maternal deaths per year Little progress Disparity: among countries, within countries Youth at risk: 5 times higher for girls under 15
Yet we know what works: Family planning saves lives Skilled attendance at birth Emergency obstetrical care
Maternal mortality continues
Africa: government policieson contraceptive access
1976 2007
MDG 6Reversing HIV/AIDS
Universal access to RH is critical in fighting HIV/AIDS
Prevention is key to reversing the epidemic and huge progress in treatment
Epidemic is increasingly young, increasingly female Half new transmission in young under 25
HIV prevalence among 15-24 year-olds
0 5 10 15 20 25% HIV prevalence
SwazilandSouth Africa
ZimbabweCentral African Republic
Côte d'IvoireSierra Leone
RwandaHaiti
GuineaEthiopia
Benin
DR CongoNiger
SenegalCambodia
India
UgandaChad
Dominican Republic
Mali
Female
Male
Source: 2008 Global report on the AIDS epidemic, UNAIDS
MDG 4Reducing child deaths
What kills mothers kills babies
10 million children die before the age of 54 million die in the first 28 days. 3 million stillbirths. Linked EmOC
Up to a third of child deaths preventable by spacing min 2 years
Yet 50% of children less than 2 years spacing
Adolescent mothers 30% more likely to have infant dieYet, up to 30% married by age 15, 60% by age 18
Children of mothers who die 3-10 higher risk of dying by age 2
ICPD at 15 anniversary:Key objectives
1. Raise visibility of ICPD-MDG linkages
2. Promote the use of the new target
3. Expanded action and increased funding
4. More effective implementation of PoA
5. Promote better monitoring
6. Advance knowledge on emerging issues
ICPD at 15:The challenges
MDG 5 shows the least progress – wealth differential in RH largest among MDGs
Full integration of RH into national health plans Integration of 5B into policy and country-level
monitoring How to link with 5A: consolidation of gains Reinforce linkages to emerging global concerns
ICPD at 15:The challenges
Not enough attention to FP Active opposition Women’s movements Attention to equity Demographic issues Reinforce participatory development and
increased accountability
Commission on Population and Development (on the contribution of the ICPD PoA to the internationally agreed development goals, including the MDGs) – 30 March- 3 April 2009, New York
International Parliamentarians’ Conference on the Implementation of the ICPD – “15th Anniversary of the PoA” – 26-28 October 2009, Cairo
Commemoration during the 64th session of the United Nations General Assembly, Fall 2009, New York
Key Global Events 1
Key Global Events 2
An ICPD at 15 Global NGO Forum for NGOs to assess progress, identify opportunities and constraints and devise strategies for more effective support for ICPD implementation – 2 - 4 September, Berlin
The XXVI Conference of the International Union for the Scientific Study on Population: ICPD at 15 panel and side events - 27 September- 2 October 2009, Marrakech
Possibly some additional side events, for example during the CPD, the Executive Board Session in September, etc.
Key Global Events 3
Technical Meetings Under Consideration
Family Planning – the way forward HIV prevention Increasing the impact of education in shaping
adolescent’s health, social and economic assets “Emerging” issues and the ICPD: climate change
and food crisis
Other important events in 2009
World Health Assembly review of progress on health-related MDGs (for the 1st time to include UARH target)
ECOSOC Thematic Session of the Annual Ministerial Review on Implementing the internationally agreed goals and commitments in regard to global public health
Other MDG related events
ICPD at 15 Regional Processes
ECA: Regional survey; Ministerial meeting under discussion
ESCAP: Expert Group Meeting early 2009, possibly a high level meeting in fall 2009
ECLAC: Regional survey; Regional meeting under discussion
ECE: a work in progress ESCWA: Expert meeting and high level meeting – in
collaboration with LAS EECA: Conference on Population and Development
More details will soon be available
Summing it up
SRH is the ultimate linkage amongst the MDGs.
The MDGs and ICPD
• SRH is of essential importance in reaching all MDGs, especially for women, and in particular young women
Want to know more?
Please visit our special ICPD at 15 website:
www.unfpa.org/icpd/15/
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