6.02-piaget stage two preoperationalperiod ages 2-7 yrs
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6.02-Piaget
Stage Two
Preoperational PeriodAges 2-7 yrs
6.02-Piaget
• Assimilation and accommodation• Children form concepts in their minds• Concepts: general categories of objects
and information
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All things in the air are birds.
Then they learn the difference between birds and planes.
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These are all apples
because they are
red
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Basic mental operations start to replace sensorimotor activities as the primary way to learn.
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I “eated” my apple
No, it’s “ate”
Then I “ated” my apple
Children learn mostly by language and mental images
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• Make-believe play is used to create and express all kinds of mental images
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Everyone views the
world like I do.
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Egocentrism
• The sun follows them from place to place and goes to bed when they do
•Problems with reversibility—can’t see the world from other's perspectives
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Children are prone to thinking errors
Just as a walking toddler is prone to missteps
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I don’t want to go to sleep! I’m not tired!
He hurt my feelings so I hit him!
*use feeling to
solve problems
rather than logic
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• Begin learning multiple classification– the ability to understand that an object may fit into more than one category
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• Begin learning seriation—the ability to order groups of things by size, weight, or any common property•IE: arranging beads from smallest to largest
•Preschool children cannot arrange themselves by height
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•They think the same amount of liquid is more when poured into a tall thin glass.
•To them taller means more!
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Another example of conservation
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They use synergetic reasoning:
A break in logic, changing set of criteria
Example: Mother usually makes dinner before dad comes home so making dinner causes dad to come home.
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First, you put all of the white powder in a bowl. Then you pour milk into it. Stir and pour in metal
cups that are hooked together. Now hurry and put in the oven because we are late for school.
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Intuitive reasoning—They guess!!
Which line has more marbles?
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My birthday is before Christmas
and after Halloween
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•Children are not aware of what is real and what is make-believe
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In general Children learn:
• to master one skill before learning another
• in their own ways
• not as adults do!!
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Level of Cognitive development can be seen by looking at a child’s drawings.
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Is that a drawing of two caterpillars?
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