4a an sakar initiative 2
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Addressing the need for
Alternative Fuels and Energy Sources
in the slums of Bhubaneswar (Orissa), India
ThecasestudyofSAKARinitiativeBy: Swarupa Adinarayan
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36.7Millionpeople
Urbanpopulation
(as
per
1991
census)
42,34,983
RuralPopulation
2,74,24,753
Mainsourceoffuelforcookingisfirewood
CollectedbyWomenandgirlchildren
Riskabuse&rapeinjungles
ORISSA:STATUSONFUEL&ENERGYSOURCES
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Location: ShantiNagarBasti Population 2439
Male 1008
Female 965Children 466
Households 360
Average family size 6
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ProjectArea:SlumsofBhubaneswarTarget Segment: Illiterate & Migrant Women and Girlchildren.
Fuelusage:90%ofthemusetraditionalfuelNeed :Implementprogramsdisseminatinginformation
ONALTERNATEFUELSANDENERGYSOURCESSlumpeoplelackpurchasingpower,dependson
traditionalfirewood
SAKAR:ANINTRODUCTION
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ASluminBhubaneswar
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Commonlyusedfuelsforcooking Firewood
Kerosene stove
Coal
LPG sparingly used by three
families
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PROBLEMSINSLUMSOFBHUBANESWAR315slumsinBhubaneswar city3.8lakh populationliveintheseslumsMostslumdwellerslivein oneroom,Wherethey cook,eat,
study&sleep
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PROBLEMS IN SLUMS Slum
people
use
waste
as
fuel
to
cook
food
without
knowingitsharmfulaffects.
Wastecontains:
tirepieces
unburned
fire
crackers
soiledcardboardandmuchmore
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PROBLEMSINSLUMSOFBHUBANESWARMostslumdwellers areintoRAGPICKINGandCOALCOLLECTION(forhouseholduseandforsale)
Searchforwasteforfuel
Instancesof
damaging
good
trees
and
medicinal
plants
for
firewood
Firewoodis
amost
untouched
problem
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HealthHazardsOfTraditionalFuels
Atrisk
populations
exposed
to
indoor
cooking:
63%females
25%males
47%children
SufferfromEyeirritation
Wateringand
reduced
visibility
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HEALTHHAZARDSOFTRADITIONALFUELUSERS
Outof40females35are havingrespiratoryproblems
RESPIRATORYPROBLEMS
BLOODPRESSURE
Bothmale
and
female
suffer
from
hypertension
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HEALTHHAZARDSOFTRADITIONALFUELUSERS
80%
female
50% maleandchildrenhaveLowlevelofHemoglobin
HAEMOGLOBINLEVEL
63% male60% female32% childrenSufferfrom
increased
heart
beat
rate(Pulse Rate)
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Pollution duetoTraditionalFuels Thepermissiblelimitof COEmissionis 0.1
ppm,asperenergystandards.
However,COintheairwhentraditional fuels
areusedit ismorethan31ppm
Alsoreleases:
Ammonia
NitrogenOxide
Methaneinhigherquantities
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Sourcingfuel
is
the
major
problem
after
food
grains.
ExceptKerosene,nofuelisavailablethruGovt.
Keroseneis
available
thru
public
distribution
system
in
fewer
quantities.
Atthemercyofgovt Machinery&middlemen.Women&children becomecoalcollectors
Near railwaytracks
Miningareas
Thusvulnerabletofatalaccidents
Sourcing Fuel
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NEEDINSLUMSOFBHUBANESWARNeed
to
strengthen
and
support
slum
people
RaisethevoiceforBEYONDFIREWOODNeed
for
ALTERNATIVEFUELS
SOLARENERGY BIOGAS COAL
RICEHUSK SAWDUST COWDUNG
KEROSENE LPG
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LPG,Kerosenealreadysubsidised bygovt
butmaybewithdrawn
Needforeconomicalalternatives
NEEDINSLUMSOFBHUBANESWAR
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NEEDINSLUMSOFBHUBANESWARSunlight in tropical region is abundant.
Harnessing is expensive.
NEED OF THE HOUR:
Invent/adapt economical technologyto cater to under privileged.
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IMPLICATIONSFORHUMANITARIANSAwareness
about
alternate
fuels
thru
training.
Useofalternatefuelasanintegralpartincooking&lighting.
Specificpracticalguidance
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SAKAR
willbethenodalagencyforsharingthis
program
and
information
Promotionof
best
practices
onhouseholdenergy
IMPLICATIONSFORHUMANITARIANS
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Freeingwomenandchildren
From the Burden of collection firewood
d i
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RecommendationsAccess to nutritious food
Safe methods of cooking
Energy conservation
To wean the community from traditional fuel
Use economical adoptable technology
devices
F li S li h
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Feeling Sunlight
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THANK YOU
CARING TODAY FOR A BETTER TOMORROW
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