40 years of the endangered species act della garelle, dvm director of field conservation director of...
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40 years of the Endangered Species Act
Della Garelle, DVM Director of Field Conservation
Cheyenne Mountain Zoo
Digest of Federal Resource Laws of Interest to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife ServiceEndangered Species Act of 1973:
The ESA's primary goal is to prevent the extinction of imperiled plant and animals, and secondly, to recover and maintain those populations by removing or lessening threats to their survival. fws.gov/laws/lawsdigest/esact.html
The Secretary of Defense is authorized to specify exemptions from the Act for reasons of national security.
The 1978 amendments also oblige the Secretary to consider the economic impact of designating critical habitat.
Critics of the ESA contend it is a failure because only 1% of the species under its protection have recovered and been delisted. They fail to explain how many species should have recovered by now. 80 %of species have not yet reached their expected recovery year.
To test the success of the ESA, a study compared the actual recovery rate of 110 species with the projected recovery rate in their federal recovery plans.
It found that the Endangered Species Act has a remarkably successful recovery rate: 90 percent of species are recovering at the rate specified by their federal recovery plan.
2006 analysis of all federally protected species in the Northeast:
93 percent were stabilized or improving since being put on the endangered species list
82 percent were on pace to meet recovery goals.
Full Report: esasuccess.org/report_2012.html
Black-Footed Ferret and theEndangered Species Act
Partners In Recovery Zoological Organizations
National Zoo-Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute
Louisville Zoo Toronto Zoo Phoenix Zoo Cheyenne Mountain Zoo Lincoln Park Zoo Association of Zoos &
Aquariums BFF Display Zoos
Government Agencies US Fish & Wildlife
Service US Forest Service National Park Service Bureau of Land
Management US Bureau of Indian
Affairs USDA/APHIS City of Fort Collins USGS CDC Parks Canada
Private Agencies Conservation Breeding
Specialist Group Defenders of Wildlife The Nature Conservancy National Fish & Wildlife
Foundation National Wildlife Federation Turner Endangered Species
Fund Prairie Wildlife Research
State Wildlife Agencies Wyoming Game & Fish Montana Fish, Wildlife &
Parks South Dakota Game, Fish &
Parks Arizona Game & Fish Colorado Division of Wildlife Utah Division of Wildlife
Resources Texas Parks & Wildlife Oklahoma Dept of Wildlife
Cons
A Second Chance
Population discovered in 1981
Population peaked to 129 ferrets in 1984
Considered extinct in late 1970s
On The Brink of Extinction
1985-1987 18 ferrets removed
from wild Started captive
breeding program in WY
1985- ferrets declined Sylvatic plague
(Yersinia pestis) Prairie dog
mortality Ferret mortality
Canine distemper virus
Ferret mortality
Black-footed Ferret Recovery Plan
Emphasized natural breeding
Multi-institutional propagation program
Establishment of multiple reintroduction sites
Development of assisted reproductive techniques
Conservation Breeding Specialist Group IUCN-World Conservation Union
Black-footed Ferret Species Survival Plan®
USFWS National BfFerret Conservation Center
Nat. Zoo-SCBI, VALouisville Zoo, KYPhoenix Zoo, AZToronto Zoo,
OntarioCheyenne Mountain
Zoo
Population Management Genetic Diversity Kit Production Supply
reintroduction sites
Education & Outreach
Genome Resource Bank (GRB)
‘Founder’ resurrection Genetically valuable
males Safeguard a species Dr. JoGayle Howard
Assisted Reproductive Techniques
Domestic ferrets
70% pregnancy
Assisted Reproductive Techniques
Laparoscopic surgical artificial insemination
Assisted Reproductive Techniques
Nat Zoo-SCBI Females
selectedfor AI annually
Kit Production Gestation= 42
days Average litter
size= 3.5
Kit Production
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
201120082005200219991996199319901987
Births
> 7500 kits born in SSP!
Reintroduction
Preparation For Release
Pre-conditioning pens Exposure to natural
burrow system
Live prairie dogs Minimum 30 days
Home On The Range 1991-present >2800 released 500-700 in the
wild (Fall)
Reintroduction
Historical range
Reintroduction site= =
20 reintroduction sites Wyoming Montana South Dakota (Colorado) New Mexico
Kansas
Mexico
Utah Arizo
na Cana
da
The Road Ahead SSP captive breeding, AI, GRB Find new reintroduction sites:
Colorado! Oral prairie dog plague vaccine
(OPV) Manage existing sites Landowner
incentives
DiseaseMonitoring
Life History
AssistedReproduction
IntegratedConservationProgram
LandownerIncentives
Reintroduction
Husbandry& Nutrition
CaptiveBreeding & Genetic Diversity
VaccineResearch
Education And Outreach
You !
My email dgarelle@cmzoo.org
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