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Henry V

Aims‘to promote the honour of God, the extension of the Church, the deliverance of his country and the peace and tranquility of kingdoms’

Henry V

Dr. Jennifer Paxton

Henry V and Religion

• Founded Syon Abbey (Bridgettine)• Founded Sheen Priory (Carthusians)• Dissolved ~90 small “alien priories”

(with allegiance to Avignon)• Active promotion of Council of Constance

Domestic Tranquility

• 1414 Safe Conduct Act - Treason to break a truce of royal promise of safe conduct

• 1415 Treason Act – Included clipping coins• Worked with Council• Effective promotion

Lancasters and Yorks

France 1388

Events in France

1402 Charles VI gives Queen Isabeau of Bavaria and his Council authority in his absence1404 Isabella, widow of Richard II marries Charles of Orleans1409 Louis of Orleans assassinated on orders of John the Fearless of Burgundy

Jean Petit writes justification of assassination

Dauphins

• Charles (1386)• Charles of Guyenne (1392-1401)• Louis of Guyenne (1397-1415)• John of Touraine (1398-1417)• Charles (1403-1461)– 1422 King Charles VII

England and France

1412 Henry IV forms an alliance with the dukes of Orléans, Berry, and Bourbon

Armagnacs promise support to King Charles against the EnglishThomas, duke of Clarence invades France but does not get French support

Intrigues of Armagnacs and Burgundy1414 Charles VI gives Louis of Guyenne authority

1415 Campaign

1415 France 1422

Noble Prisoners in EnglandJohn, duke of Bourbon Charles, duke of Orléans

1420 Treaty of Troyes

• Marriage of Henry V and Catherine de Valois (1401-1437), younger sister of Isabella

• Inheritance given to Henry V and his heirs• Kingdoms of England and France under one

king• Disinheritance of dauphin, Charles

Treaty of Troyes

Transport 1415

• Cinque Ports ( Hastings, New Romney, Hythe, Dover, Sandwich) called upon to supply ships

• Trinity Royale, flagship, 540 tons, 300 crew• Other coastal towns provide merchant ships• Ships over 20 tons at London ordered to

assemble at Southampton• Construction at Southampton

Starting a Navy

• 1416 Begin Grace Dieu– Valentine, Falcon

• Launched 1420 – mutiny• Show ship on the Hamble• Burnt 1439

15th century carracks

• Grace Dieu 1400 tons, 66 m long• Santa Maria 100 tons, 18 m

Artist’s Reconstruction View – Grace DIeu

Armament _ Early 15th Century

• Grace Dieu 4 guns• Trinity Royale (1416) 5 guns• Holigost (1416)– 7 cannons, 14 bows, 91 sheaves of arrows,

6 crossbows, 3 pole-axes and 27 bascinets (helmets).

• Holy Ghost of the Tower 2 cannon in 1416, increased to 6 in 1422

Technological changes in weaponry

• Swivel mount• Increased size• Breach loading of both ball and powder• Removable, interchangeable chambers• Hand-held gunpowder weapons

Ship – reign of Richard II

English ship – late 15th century

15th Century Naval Battle -cannon

Defending with gunpowder weapons

Add to existing structure1365 Quarry Abbey, Isle of Wight

Purpose built1398 Cow Tower, Norwich1417 God’s House Tower, Southampton

Cow Tower

God’s Head Tower, Southhampton

Letter from Henry V to Thomas Beaufort, duke of Exeter