32 annual workshop & symposium, iea collaborative project on...
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Molecule design and synthesis of surfactants for Molecule design and synthesis of surfactants for Molecule design and synthesis of surfactants for Molecule design and synthesis of surfactants for Surfactant-Polymer combination floodingSurfactant-Polymer combination floodingSurfactant-Polymer combination floodingSurfactant-Polymer combination flooding
State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery, State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery, State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery, State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, PetroChinaPetroChinaPetroChinaPetroChina
Presented by Presented by Presented by Presented by Dr. Zhu Dr. Zhu Dr. Zhu Dr. Zhu YouyiYouyiYouyiYouyi
August, 2011August, 2011August, 2011August, 2011
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32323232thththth Annual Workshop & Symposium, IEA Collaborative Project on Enhanced Oil Recovery Annual Workshop & Symposium, IEA Collaborative Project on Enhanced Oil Recovery Annual Workshop & Symposium, IEA Collaborative Project on Enhanced Oil Recovery Annual Workshop & Symposium, IEA Collaborative Project on Enhanced Oil Recovery
OutlineOutlineOutlineOutlineCNPCCNPCCNPCCNPC
1. 1. 1. 1. introductionintroductionintroductionintroduction
2.2.2.2. The basic requirement of Surfactants for combination The basic requirement of Surfactants for combination The basic requirement of Surfactants for combination The basic requirement of Surfactants for combination floodingfloodingfloodingflooding
3. Molecule design theories of oil-displacement surfactants 3. Molecule design theories of oil-displacement surfactants 3. Molecule design theories of oil-displacement surfactants 3. Molecule design theories of oil-displacement surfactants
4. Synthesis and research progress of surfactants for SP 4. Synthesis and research progress of surfactants for SP 4. Synthesis and research progress of surfactants for SP 4. Synthesis and research progress of surfactants for SP flooding flooding flooding flooding
5. Conclusions 5. Conclusions 5. Conclusions 5. Conclusions
Present situation, problems, and trend of Chemical floodingPresent situation, problems, and trend of Chemical floodingPresent situation, problems, and trend of Chemical floodingPresent situation, problems, and trend of Chemical flooding
Relatively MatureUnderwayUnderwayMatureStatus of Technique
Very ComplicatedComplicatedRelativelySimpleSimpleInjection Facilities
HighHighRelativelyHigh
RelativelyLowCost of Chemicals
RelativelyLow
RelativelyHighHighHighVisco-elasticity
10-3~10-410-310-2~10-310~100Interfacial Tension (mN/m)
Very ComplicatedComplicatedRelativelySimpleSimpleProduced Liquid Treatment
HighRelativelyHighNoneNoneScaling& Corrosion
HighRelativelyHigh
RelativelyLow
RelativelyLowMaintenance Frequency
17~2315~1913~178~13Chemical Flooding Increment Recovery,%(OOIP)
Strong-alkaliStrong-alkaliStrong-alkaliStrong-alkaliASP FloodingASP FloodingASP FloodingASP Flooding
Weak-alkaliWeak-alkaliWeak-alkaliWeak-alkaliASP FloodingASP FloodingASP FloodingASP Flooding
SP Binary SP Binary SP Binary SP Binary FloodingFloodingFloodingFloodingPolymer FloodingPolymer FloodingPolymer FloodingPolymer Flooding
Displacing systemDisplacing systemDisplacing systemDisplacing system
ItemItemItemItem
Trend of Chemical FloodingTrend of Chemical FloodingTrend of Chemical FloodingTrend of Chemical Flooding::::Polymer Flooding Polymer Flooding Polymer Flooding Polymer Flooding ————>Strong-alkali ASP>Strong-alkali ASP>Strong-alkali ASP>Strong-alkali ASP————>Weak-alkali ASP >Weak-alkali ASP >Weak-alkali ASP >Weak-alkali ASP ————>Alkali-free SP>Alkali-free SP>Alkali-free SP>Alkali-free SP
The main parameter contrastThe main parameter contrastThe main parameter contrastThe main parameter contrast of Chemical Flooding Techniques of Chemical Flooding Techniques of Chemical Flooding Techniques of Chemical Flooding Techniques
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Characteristic of surfactant-polymer combination flooding
① On the one hand, surfactant is used to decrease o/w interfacial tension to increase oil displacement efficiency. On the other hand, polymer is intruded to increase the viscosity of displacement liquid to improve swept efficiency.② The concentration of surfactant in SP flooding is low. Usually, surfactant concentration is lower than 0.4%wt.③ SP flooding technique is suitable for high acid value crude oil. It also suitable for crude oil with low or even zero acid value.④ The elimination of alkali can avoid damage of combination flooding to reservoir. The side effects of scaling, emulsification and corrosion on lifting craft and produced liquid treatment can also be prevented. The concentration of polymer in the alkali-free SP flooding can be decreased. The main challenge in the SP flooding technique is that it requires high interfacial performance surfactant. The adsorption of surfactant is relatively high compared with ASP flooding and the adaptability of SP flooding to reservoirs is relatively low.
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The The The The basic requirement of Surfactants for combination floodingbasic requirement of Surfactants for combination floodingbasic requirement of Surfactants for combination floodingbasic requirement of Surfactants for combination flooding
� Decrease the Decrease the Decrease the Decrease the IFTsIFTsIFTsIFTs between displacing between displacing between displacing between displacing fluidfluidfluidfluid and crude oil to and crude oil to and crude oil to and crude oil to ultralow level (10ultralow level (10ultralow level (10ultralow level (10-3-3-3-3 mN/mmN/mmN/mmN/m). ). ). ).
� The total concentration of surfactants for SP flood is The total concentration of surfactants for SP flood is The total concentration of surfactants for SP flood is The total concentration of surfactants for SP flood is usually less than 0.4% with good anti-dilution ability.usually less than 0.4% with good anti-dilution ability.usually less than 0.4% with good anti-dilution ability.usually less than 0.4% with good anti-dilution ability.
� Surfactants can be mixed harmoniously with polymers. Surfactants can be mixed harmoniously with polymers. Surfactants can be mixed harmoniously with polymers. Surfactants can be mixed harmoniously with polymers. Phase separation and precipitation should be avoided.Phase separation and precipitation should be avoided.Phase separation and precipitation should be avoided.Phase separation and precipitation should be avoided.
� The adsorption loss of surfactant in the rock should be less The adsorption loss of surfactant in the rock should be less The adsorption loss of surfactant in the rock should be less The adsorption loss of surfactant in the rock should be less than 1mg surfactant per gram of core sand.than 1mg surfactant per gram of core sand.than 1mg surfactant per gram of core sand.than 1mg surfactant per gram of core sand.
� Surfactants should be Surfactants should be Surfactants should be Surfactants should be tolerant to salt and bivalent ions like tolerant to salt and bivalent ions like tolerant to salt and bivalent ions like tolerant to salt and bivalent ions like CaCaCaCa2+2+2+2+ and Mg and Mg and Mg and Mg2+2+2+2+. . . .
� low cost and environmentally friendly.low cost and environmentally friendly.low cost and environmentally friendly.low cost and environmentally friendly.
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HLB value experiential estimate of surfactant useHLB value experiential estimate of surfactant useHLB value experiential estimate of surfactant useHLB value experiential estimate of surfactant use
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Solubilizer15.015.015.015.0~18.018.018.018.0
Detergent13.013.013.013.0~15.015.015.015.0
O/W type emulsifier8.08.08.08.0~18.018.018.018.0
Wetting agent (oil-displacement agent)7.07.07.07.0~9.09.09.09.0 (6-8) (6-8) (6-8) (6-8)
W/O type emulsifier3.53.53.53.5~6.06.06.06.0
Defoamer 1.51.51.51.5~3.03.03.03.0
UseHLB valuevaluevaluevalue
HLB valueHLB valueHLB valueHLB value
Molecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical flooding
R ratio
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Aww Aww
Ahco
All
Alco
Aoo
Alcw
Ahh Ahcw
油相 油相
表面活性剂
水相
Oil phaseOil phaseOil phaseOil phase
Water Water Water Water phasephasephasephase
Surfactant Surfactant Surfactant Surfactant
)()( 11
hhwwlcwhcw
oohcolco
AAAAAAAA
+−++−+
==cw
co
AA
R
When R<1, system form O/W microemulsionWhen R>1, system form W/O microemulsionWhen R=1, potential energy of surfactant-oil phase are equal to potential energy of surfactant-water phase. Surfactant molecule enrich in interface, IFT come into minimum.
O/W InterfaceO/W InterfaceO/W InterfaceO/W Interface
Molecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical flooding
VVVVHHHH-Volume of Hydrophobic GroupVolume of Hydrophobic GroupVolume of Hydrophobic GroupVolume of Hydrophobic Group llllcccc-Effective Length of Hydrophobic GroupEffective Length of Hydrophobic GroupEffective Length of Hydrophobic GroupEffective Length of Hydrophobic Groupaaaa0000-Average Area of Hydrophilic GroupAverage Area of Hydrophilic GroupAverage Area of Hydrophilic GroupAverage Area of Hydrophilic Group
0
Pal
Vc
H
×=
Packing ParameterPacking ParameterPacking ParameterPacking Parameter
Generally, Packing Parameter of conventional straight-chain surfactants for detergent is in range 0.3-0.6
Molecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingCNPCCNPCCNPCCNPC
llllccccaaaa0000
VVVVHHHH
0
Pal
Vc
H
×= 1111
VVVVHHHH-Increase length of carbon chainIncrease length of carbon chainIncrease length of carbon chainIncrease length of carbon chain llllcccc-Branching or double chainsBranching or double chainsBranching or double chainsBranching or double chainsaaaa0000-Change the structure of connecting group& hydrophilic groupChange the structure of connecting group& hydrophilic groupChange the structure of connecting group& hydrophilic groupChange the structure of connecting group& hydrophilic group
Design ConceptDesign ConceptDesign ConceptDesign Concept
P>1P>1P>1P>1 P=1P=1P=1P=1 P<1P<1P<1P<1
Molecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingCNPCCNPCCNPCCNPC
-2.50
-2.00
-1.50
-1.00
-0.50
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80
y = 4.6666x-2.3628R^2 = 0.9575
|1-P|
Log IFT
TR/OT mixture 1:8(wt)
TR/C16AS mixture 1:1(wt)
TR/OT mixture 1:4(wt)
TR/APGhigh DP mixture 1:2(wt)
TR/APGlow DP mixture 1:2(wt)
2HT/2C mixture 1:4(wt)
2HT/C16TMAC mixture 1:8(wt)
2C
TR/OT mixture 1:20(wt)
2HT/C16TMAC mixture 1:4(wt)
C16-MAMS
Alkamide Le
2HT
TR/C16AS mixture 1:8(wt)
C16-DADS
TM 15-S-5
OT
C12-MAMS
TR
C16-TMAC
C16-AS
C12-1,2-Diol
Relationship of |1-P| and IFTmin
Fig. Relativity of |1-P| and IFTmin
Surfactant system
Molecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingCNPCCNPCCNPCCNPC
Decane, 45℃
QSPR method
Candidate molecule structure—input data
3D structure optimizemolecule mechanics quantum chemistry calculation
(MMX mechanics from PC model) (AM1 arithmetic from MOPAC)
Calculation of molecule structure descriptor
Set up regressive equation IFT = aIFT = aIFT = aIFT = a0000 + a + a + a + a1111dddd1111 (s) + a (s) + a (s) + a (s) + a2222 d d d d2222 (s) + (s) + (s) + (s) + …………
a0, a1, ….-coefficient,d1, d2, …-descriptor of molecule structure
Outcome forecast
Performance of Performance of Performance of Performance of IFT IFT IFT IFT Statistical analysisStatistical analysisStatistical analysisStatistical analysis
Molecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingCNPCCNPCCNPCCNPC
Experimental results of IFT between cetane and water with different surfactants
9.239.239.239.23SDDSSDDSSDDSSDDS
4.744.744.744.74SDBSSDBSSDBSSDBS
8.288.288.288.28DTABDTABDTABDTAB
4.784.784.784.78DMNSDMNSDMNSDMNS
4.524.524.524.52C12(EO)2C12(EO)2C12(EO)2C12(EO)2
0.180.180.180.18C12(EO)3C12(EO)3C12(EO)3C12(EO)3
1.1261.1261.1261.126SaturatedC12OHSaturatedC12OHSaturatedC12OHSaturatedC12OH
2.1422.1422.1422.142Un-SaturatedC8OHUn-SaturatedC8OHUn-SaturatedC8OHUn-SaturatedC8OH
3.3173.3173.3173.317SaturatedC8OHSaturatedC8OHSaturatedC8OHSaturatedC8OH
0.90.90.90.9C16C4C16N2C16C4C16N2C16C4C16N2C16C4C16N2
0.410.410.410.41C16C3C16N2C16C3C16N2C16C3C16N2C16C3C16N2
8.1578.1578.1578.157C12CEOC12N2C12CEOC12N2C12CEOC12N2C12CEOC12N2
7.0747.0747.0747.074C12C10C12N2C12C10C12N2C12C10C12N2C12C10C12N2
1.8311.8311.8311.831C12C8C12N2C12C8C12N2C12C8C12N2C12C8C12N2
3.8293.8293.8293.829C12C6C12N2C12C6C12N2C12C6C12N2C12C6C12N2
0.2990.2990.2990.299C12C4C12N2C12C4C12N2C12C4C12N2C12C4C12N2
1.9081.9081.9081.908C12C3C12(SO3)2C12C3C12(SO3)2C12C3C12(SO3)2C12C3C12(SO3)2
2.9092.9092.9092.909C12CpxC12(SO3)2C12CpxC12(SO3)2C12CpxC12(SO3)2C12CpxC12(SO3)2
5.565.565.565.56C10CpxC10(SO3)2C10CpxC10(SO3)2C10CpxC10(SO3)2C10CpxC10(SO3)2
6.4856.4856.4856.485C8CpxC8(SO3)2C8CpxC8(SO3)2C8CpxC8(SO3)2C8CpxC8(SO3)2
8.1898.1898.1898.189C6CpxC6(SO3)2C6CpxC6(SO3)2C6CpxC6(SO3)2C6CpxC6(SO3)2
IFT(mN/mIFT(mN/mIFT(mN/mIFT(mN/m))))Surfactants Surfactants Surfactants Surfactants
0.8870.8870.8870.887Un-saturated C12OHUn-saturated C12OHUn-saturated C12OHUn-saturated C12OH
15151515(C18N)2O(C18N)2O(C18N)2O(C18N)2O
0.050.050.050.05C12(EO)4C12(EO)4C12(EO)4C12(EO)4
3.43.43.43.4C12(EO)8C12(EO)8C12(EO)8C12(EO)8
1.51.51.51.5C16(EO)8C16(EO)8C16(EO)8C16(EO)8
1.1891.1891.1891.189Gemini Sa Gemini Sa Gemini Sa Gemini Sa
3.43.43.43.4(C12N)2OH(C12N)2OH(C12N)2OH(C12N)2OH
2.72.72.72.7(C14N)2OH(C14N)2OH(C14N)2OH(C14N)2OH
4.74.74.74.7(C16N)2OH(C16N)2OH(C16N)2OH(C16N)2OH
6.46.46.46.4(C10N)2OH(C10N)2OH(C10N)2OH(C10N)2OH
4.54.54.54.5(C16N)2(OH)2(C16N)2(OH)2(C16N)2(OH)2(C16N)2(OH)2
5555(C14N)2(OH)2(C14N)2(OH)2(C14N)2(OH)2(C14N)2(OH)2
5.45.45.45.4(C12N)2(OH)2(C12N)2(OH)2(C12N)2(OH)2(C12N)2(OH)2
5.65.65.65.6(C10N)2(OH)2(C10N)2(OH)2(C10N)2(OH)2(C10N)2(OH)2
6.46.46.46.4(C8N)2(OH)2(C8N)2(OH)2(C8N)2(OH)2(C8N)2(OH)2
7.37.37.37.3(C16N)2O(C16N)2O(C16N)2O(C16N)2O
8.08.08.08.0(C14N)2O(C14N)2O(C14N)2O(C14N)2O
7.87.87.87.8(C12N)2O(C12N)2O(C12N)2O(C12N)2O
IFT(mN/mIFT(mN/mIFT(mN/mIFT(mN/m))))SurfactantsSurfactantsSurfactantsSurfactants
Molecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingCNPCCNPCCNPCCNPC
0 2 4 6 8 10
0
2
4
6
8
10
Cac
luat
ed IF
T (
mN
/m)
Experimental IFT (mN/m)
39 surfactantsR2=0.8442 F=32.51 S2=0.9794
IFT = IFT = IFT = IFT = –––– 48.39 48.39 48.39 48.39 –––– 14.74MPCH 14.74MPCH 14.74MPCH 14.74MPCH –––– 1.07LUMO + 22.33Ic 1.07LUMO + 22.33Ic 1.07LUMO + 22.33Ic 1.07LUMO + 22.33Ic ––––15.89 MEECH + 9.30AVC15.89 MEECH + 9.30AVC15.89 MEECH + 9.30AVC15.89 MEECH + 9.30AVC
Pertinence of IFT between hexadecane and water by tests and by cacluation
Molecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingCNPCCNPCCNPCCNPC
MPCH:Electrostatic descriptors. the max charge of a H atom, the molecular electronegativity represents as a geometric mean of atomic electronegativity
Ic: Geometrical descriptors. the principal moment of inertia C,shows both the rigid rotator approximation and the mass distribution in the molecule.
LUMO :Guantum chemical descriptors. the energy of the second lowest unoccupied molecule orbital, estimate the relative activity of the atoms in the molecule for a given series of compounds.
MEECH:Guantum chemical descriptors. the max exchange energy for a C-H bond, determining the conformational changes of the molecule and its spin properties
AVC: Guantum chemical descriptors. the average valence of a C atom, describe the flexible degree of the molecule.
IFT = IFT = IFT = IFT = –––– 48.39 48.39 48.39 48.39 –––– 14.74MPCH 14.74MPCH 14.74MPCH 14.74MPCH –––– 1.07LUMO + 22.33Ic 1.07LUMO + 22.33Ic 1.07LUMO + 22.33Ic 1.07LUMO + 22.33Ic ––––15.89 MEECH + 9.30AVC15.89 MEECH + 9.30AVC15.89 MEECH + 9.30AVC15.89 MEECH + 9.30AVC
Molecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingCNPCCNPCCNPCCNPC
Potential Surfactant Structure for SP FloodingPotential Surfactant Structure for SP FloodingPotential Surfactant Structure for SP FloodingPotential Surfactant Structure for SP Flooding
CH3R1
R2CH(OCH2CH)m(OC2H4)nOSO-
3
OOOO
CCCC
CCCC
OOOO CCCC CCCC SOSOSOSO3333NaNaNaNa
OOOO
OOOO CCCC CCCC
(CH(CH(CH(CH2222))))nnnnCHCHCHCH3333
(CH(CH(CH(CH2222))))nnnnCHCHCHCH3333
Double chain alkyl Double chain alkyl Double chain alkyl Double chain alkyl sulfonatesulfonatesulfonatesulfonate
Double or branching Double or branching Double or branching Double or branching chain alcohol ether chain alcohol ether chain alcohol ether chain alcohol ether sulfonatesulfonatesulfonatesulfonate
Gemini surfactantsGemini surfactantsGemini surfactantsGemini surfactantsCCCC HHHH 3333 ((((CCCC HHHH 2222 )))) nnnn CCCC HHHH (((( CCCC HHHH 2222 )))) mmmm SSSS OOOO 3333 MMMM
CCCC HHHH 3333 ((((CCCC HHHH 2222 )))) nnnn CCCC HHHH (((( CCCC HHHH 2222 )))) mmmm SSSS OOOO 3333 MMMM
OOOO
Zwitterion surfactantsZwitterion surfactantsZwitterion surfactantsZwitterion surfactants
Molecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingMolecule structure design of surfactants for chemical floodingCNPCCNPCCNPCCNPC
Two Oil-displacing Surfactants for Chemical Flooding of Oil Two Oil-displacing Surfactants for Chemical Flooding of Oil Two Oil-displacing Surfactants for Chemical Flooding of Oil Two Oil-displacing Surfactants for Chemical Flooding of Oil ChemChemChemChem Technologies(OCTTechnologies(OCTTechnologies(OCTTechnologies(OCT), USA), USA), USA), USA
Branching alcohol Branching alcohol Branching alcohol Branching alcohol propoxylatepropoxylatepropoxylatepropoxylate sulfate(AESsulfate(AESsulfate(AESsulfate(AES) Aryl alkyl sulfonate (SS, Super Sa)) Aryl alkyl sulfonate (SS, Super Sa)) Aryl alkyl sulfonate (SS, Super Sa)) Aryl alkyl sulfonate (SS, Super Sa)
Research progress of Surfactants for SPResearch progress of Surfactants for SPResearch progress of Surfactants for SPResearch progress of Surfactants for SP combination floodingcombination floodingcombination floodingcombination floodingCNPCCNPCCNPCCNPC
TemperatureTemperatureTemperatureTemperature ~~~~100 100 100 100 ℃, API, API, API, API~~~~15151515°
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.251E-4
1E-3
0.01
0.1
IFT,
mN/
m
Surfactant concentration,wt%
IFT of surfactant SS-B2550
Research progress of Surfactants for SPResearch progress of Surfactants for SPResearch progress of Surfactants for SPResearch progress of Surfactants for SP combination floodingcombination floodingcombination floodingcombination floodingCNPCCNPCCNPCCNPC
Research progress of Surfactants for SPResearch progress of Surfactants for SPResearch progress of Surfactants for SPResearch progress of Surfactants for SP combination floodingcombination floodingcombination floodingcombination flooding
0.0010.0010.0010.001
0.010.010.010.01
0.10.10.10.1
0000 0.10.10.10.1 0.20.20.20.2 0.30.30.30.3 0.40.40.40.4 0.50.50.50.5
wt % SS-5566wt % SS-5566wt % SS-5566wt % SS-5566
IFT,
mN/
mIF
T, m
N/m
IFT,
mN/
mIF
T, m
N/m
High Salinity Reservoir (TDS: 130000mg/L, Divalent: 2400mg/L) High Salinity Reservoir (TDS: 130000mg/L, Divalent: 2400mg/L) High Salinity Reservoir (TDS: 130000mg/L, Divalent: 2400mg/L) High Salinity Reservoir (TDS: 130000mg/L, Divalent: 2400mg/L)
IFT of surfactant SS-5566
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AmphotericAmphotericAmphotericAmphoteric Surfactants Surfactants Surfactants Surfactants
++++RRRR NNNN
CHCHCHCH3333
CHCHCHCH3333 (OH)(OH)(OH)(OH)
CHCHCHCH2222CHCHCHCHCHCHCHCH2222SOSOSOSO3333----++++RRRR NNNN
CHCHCHCH3333
CHCHCHCH3333 (OH)(OH)(OH)(OH)
CHCHCHCH2222CHCHCHCHCHCHCHCH2222COOCOOCOOCOO----
BetaineBetaineBetaineBetaine
Gemini Surfactant (Double tail, double head Sa)Gemini Surfactant (Double tail, double head Sa)Gemini Surfactant (Double tail, double head Sa)Gemini Surfactant (Double tail, double head Sa)
OOOOOOOO
OOOO SSSSOOOO3333NNNNaaaa
OOOO SSSSOOOO3333NNNNaaaa
Gemini Gemini Gemini Gemini sulfonatessulfonatessulfonatessulfonates
Research progress of Surfactants for SPResearch progress of Surfactants for SPResearch progress of Surfactants for SPResearch progress of Surfactants for SP combination floodingcombination floodingcombination floodingcombination flooding
Oil-displacing Surfactants for Chemical Flooding of CNPC, CHINAOil-displacing Surfactants for Chemical Flooding of CNPC, CHINAOil-displacing Surfactants for Chemical Flooding of CNPC, CHINAOil-displacing Surfactants for Chemical Flooding of CNPC, CHINA
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IFT of surfactant BS11
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.301E-4
1E-3
0.01
0.1
IFT,
mN/
m
Surfactant concentration, wt%
Research progress of Surfactants for SPResearch progress of Surfactants for SPResearch progress of Surfactants for SPResearch progress of Surfactants for SP combination floodingcombination floodingcombination floodingcombination flooding
DaqingDaqingDaqingDaqing oil field, oil field, oil field, oil field, TemperatureTemperatureTemperatureTemperature 45 45 45 45℃, Salinity 4000mg/l, Salinity 4000mg/l, Salinity 4000mg/l, Salinity 4000mg/l
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ConclusionsConclusionsConclusionsConclusions
SP flooding can avoid side-effects encountered in alkali-surfactant-polymer combination flooding (ASP flooding), R&D of alkali-free SP binary flooding technique became a focus in recent years. The key technology of limiting the development of SP flooding is the research and synthesis of efficient surfactants. Because of the absence of alkali, surfactants in alkali-free system should have more excellent properties such as high interface activity and low adsorption loss in reservoirs.
(2) Four surfactant molecules design theories can be applied in oil-displacement surfactant molecules design for non-alkali SP flooding. They are HLB value, R-ratio, MGPP and QSPR. HLB value equal 6-8 can be used for primary designing and screening of oil-displacement surfactants, which is very convenience. R-value, MGPP, QSPR methods can be used in fine designing of oil-displacement surfactants. These methods consider more detail of molecule reaction among surfactant, oil and water in interface layer. The coincident ratio of MGPP methods is the best and it is easy to calculate and understand.
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ConclusionsConclusionsConclusionsConclusions
(3)Based on molecule design theories, The structure characteristic of surfactants for alkali-free surfactant-polymer combination flooding should mainly focus on branch chains, double trails alkyl and/or aryl sulfonate surfactants, zwitterion surfactants, gemini surfactants and so on. Some of them have been synthesized which have good IFT properties and good prospect of applying in SP flooding.
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Thank you!Thank you!Thank you!Thank you!
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