2.making of the constitution
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3/26/2015 KALYANSIR:MAKINGOFTHECONSTITUTION
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MAKINGOFTHECONSTITUTION
KALYANSIR.COM
We are dealing with the circumstances and
demandsthatledtotheformationofConstituent
assembly and the preparation of the Indian
constitution.
Read in sequence. (This is a very important
suggestionfromme,pleasefollowthis).
Rememberyears.
ThenreadrelatedpointsGoodLuck
Yours
KALYANSIR
Years:
1922MahatmaGandhisdemand
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1928NehruReport
1934MNRoydemandforConstituentAssembly
1939WorldWarII
1940Augustoffer
1942CrippsMission
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1942QuitIndiaMovement
1945WorldWarII(cametoend)
1945SimlaConference
1946CabinetMissionPlan
1946ConstituentAssembly(Formationandfirstmeeting)
1947LordMountbattenreplacedLordWavellasViceroyofIndia
1947June3rdplanorMountbattenPlan
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1947IndianIndependenceActwaspassedintheBritishparliament
1947Partition
1947IndependencetoIndianandPakistan
1948DraftofIndianConstitutionintroduced
1949Constitutionwasadopted
1950Constitutioncameintoforce
Nowstartreading:
1922MahatmaGandhiputforwardthedemandthatIndiaspoliticaldestinyshouldbe
determinedbytheIndiansthemselves.
May17,1927AtBombaysessionMotilalNehrumovedaresolutioncallinguponthe
CongressworkingcommitteetoframeaConstitutionforIndia.
May19,1928InallpartyconferenceacommitteewassetupundertheChairmanship
ofMotilalNehrutodeterminetheprinciplesoftheConstitutionofIndia.
ReportwassubmittedonAugust10,1928andwascalledNehruReport.
Thiswasthe1stattemptbyIndianstoframeafullfledgedConstitutionforIndia.
MNRoyintheyear1934putforwardtheideaofConstituentAssemblyforIndiaforthe
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firsttime.
Intheyear1935,theIndianNationalCongressforthefirsttimeofficiallydemandedfor
theCONSTITUENTASSEMBLY.
Augustoffer:ThedemandfortheCONSTITUENTASSEMBLYwasforthefirsttime
and authoritatively conceded by the British Government in the year 1940 through
AugustOffer.
1940 The coalition government inEngland recognized the principle that the Indians
shouldthemselvesframeanewConstitution.
1942:Cripps mission: Sir Stafford Cripps(Cabinet Minister) came to India with a
proposalofframingofIndependentConstitutionofIndiatobeadoptedafterWorldWar
IIprovidedthatthe2majorpoliticalpartiesINCandtheMuslimLeaguecouldcometo
anagreement.
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TheMuslimLeague rejected the same on the demand that India to be divided into 2
autonomousstatesoncommunallineswith2separateCONSTITUENTASSEMBLYs.
Hencepoliticalpartiescouldnotcometoanagreement.
ThiswasfollowedbyQuitIndiaMovementinAugust1942.
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AftertheWorldWarII,thenewlaborpartygovernmentcametothepowerinEngland.
SimlaConferencewasheldintheyear1945attheinstanceofviceroy,LordWavell.
SIMLACONFERENCE:
TheSimlaConferenceof1945wasarrangedby
LordArchibaldWavellandthemajorpolitical
partiesinIndia.
ThiswasconvenedtoagreeupontheWavellplan
forIndianselfGovernmenttoprovideseparate
representationtoMuslims.
Thetalksfailed
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1946 CabinetMissionplan (LordPethickLawrence,SirStaffordCripps andAV
Alexander )was sentonMarch24,1946 to IndiawithaproposalofCONSTITUENT
ASSEMBLY.
Note:RememberthenamesofthemembersintheCabinetMissionplan.
The delegation rejected the claim for a separateConstituentAssembly and a separate
stateforMuslims.
The CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY was constituted in November, 1946 with 389
members.(296BritishIndiaand93werefromprincelystates).
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(Please remember that the Constituent Assembly members were both elected
(indirectly)andnominated).
Out of296 INCwon208 includingall general seats except 9,MuslimLeague 73,
othersandindependentmembers15.Princelystatesinitiallydecidedtostayawayfrom
theCONSTITUENTASSEMBLY.
Congress208
MuslimLeague73
Unionist1
UnionistMuslim1
UnionistScheduledCastes1
KrishakPraja1
ScheduledCastesPraja1
Sikh(noncongress)1
Communist1
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Independents8
KindlyNote: (ExceptMahatmaGandhi andMohammedAli Jinnah all prominent
personsweremembersinCONSTITUENTASSEMBLY.
ThefirstmeetingoftheCONSTITUENTASSEMBLYtookplaceonDecember9,1946.
MuslimLeagueboycottedthemeetingandinsistedonseparatestatePakistan.
Meetingwasattendedby211membersonly.
Dr.SachchidanandSinhainterimPresidentofCONSTITUENTASSEMBLY.
December 11, 1946 Dr Rajendra Prasad was elected as the President of the
ConstituentAssembly.
HCMukherjeeVicePresidentoftheCONSTITUENTASSEMBLY.
BNRauConstitutionaladvisor.
December13,1946ObjectivesResolutionwasmovedbyJawaharlalNehru.
TheObjectiveresolutionwasadoptedonJanuary22,1947. (Whomovedit?What
arethedates?Importantfortheexaminationpointofview).
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Preamble was the modified version of the Objectives Resolution. (Hence very
important).
LordMountbattenwassenttoIndiaastheGovernorGeneralreplacingLordWavell.
LordMountbattencameoutwithaplan.
ThisplanwasgivenaformalshapebyastatementmadebyBritishGovernmentonJune
3,1947.
ThisplanisknownasMountbattenplanorJune3plan.
On July 26, 1947 Lord Mountbatten announced the establishment of a separate
ConstituentAssemblyforPakistan.
TheIndianIndependencebillwasintroducedintheBritishParliamentonJuly4,1947.
TheIndiaIndependenceActcameintoforcefromJuly18,1947.
TheIndianIndependenceActof1947providedthatfromAugust15,1947wouldbeset
uptwoindependentdominionsIndiaandPakistan.
TheConstituentAssemblyreassembledonAugust14,1947astheSovereignConstituent
AssemblyfortheDominionofIndia.
Themembers of the Pakistan area in the Constituent Assembly are ceased to be the
members.
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WhentheConstituentAssemblyreassembledonOctober31,1947themembershipwas
reducedto299.
With Indian Independence Act of 1947, CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY became the
sovereignbody.(IndiabecamesovereignonJanuary26,1950)
Note:Whatissovereign?wediscussinPreamble.
TheCONSTITUENTASSEMBLYbecamethefirstparliamentoffreeIndia.
ThefirstspeakerGVMavalankar.
CONSTITUENTASSEMBLYadoptedthe
NationalFlagonJuly22,1947.
ConstitutiononNovember26,1949.
NationalAnthemonJanuary24,1950.
NationalSongonJanuary24,1950.
DrRajendraPrasadwaselectedasthefirstPresidentofIndiaonJanuary24,1950.
January24,1950wasthelastsessionoftheCONSTITUENTASSEMBLY.
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TheConstituentAssemblycontinuedastheprovisionalParliamentofIndiafromJanuary
26,1950totillthecompletionoffirstevergeneralelectionsinIndia.(195152)
Note:Alltheabovedatesareveryimportant.
Therewere22committeesconstitutedintheCONSTITUENTASSEMBLY
22committees:10committeesproceduralaffairsandremaining12Committeeswereon
Sustentative(SustentativeorConsiderable)Affairs.
SteeringCommitteechairmanKMMunshi.
TheRulesofprocedurecommitteechairmanDrRajendraPrasad.
DraftingcommitteechairmanDr.BRAmbedkar.
UnionpowersCommitteechairmanJawaharlalNehru.
CommitteeonUnionConstitutionChairmanJawaharlalNehru.
ProvincialConstitutionCommitteechairmanSardarPatel.
CommitteeofFundamentalRightsandMinoritiesheadSardarVallabhaiPatel.
ThedraftwaspreparedbyBNRau(AdvisortotheConstituentAssembly).
DraftingcommitteewassetuponAugust29,1947(VeryImportant).
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TheChairmanofDraftingCommitteeDr.BRAmbedkar.
The final draft was introduced in the CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY by Dr B R
AmbedkaronNovember4,1948(1streading).
The3rdreadingwascompletedonNovember26,1949.
ThedraftConstitutionwasdeclaredadoptedonNovember26,1949.
ThePresidentandthemembersoftheConstituentAssemblysignedit.
Note:PleaserememberthisdateismentionedinthePreamble.
TheoriginalConstitutioncontained8schedulesand395Articles.
PreamblewasenactedaftertheenactmentoftheConstitution.
(RememberPreamblewasthelasttobeadoptedandenacted).
DrBRAmbedkarTheFatheroftheConstitution
ofIndia
(Note:DRB.RAmbedkarwasthefirstLawMinister
of the Nation from August 15, 1947 to January 26,
1950).
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ConstitutioncameintoforceonJanuary26,1950.
SincethenJanuary26,1950iscelebratedastheRepublicday.
Inallittook2years11monthsand18daysfortheConstitutiontogetcompleted.
The Provisional Parliament ceased to exist on April 17, 1952. The first elected
Parliament(2houses)cameintobeinginMay,1952.
The provisions related to Citizenship, elections, provincial Parliament, temporary and
transitionalprovisionsweregivenimmediateeffect.(November26,1949).
TherestoftheConstitutioncameintoforceonJanuary26,1950.
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