20/20 tdr with tdr pc vision operator training - general tm version – july 2009
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20/20 TDRWith
TDR PC Vision
Operator Training - General
TM
Version – July 2009
Training SubjectsSection Title Slide #Introduction, Power and the CD-ROM 2 - 6 Powering ON & Menus 7 - 15How TDRs work 16 - 21Measurement Screen & Step TDR reflections 22 - 27Keypad & Measurement Screen Actions 28 - 31Pair Selection & Step TDR Advantages 32 - 36Dribble-Up, Splices & Wet Cable 37 - 39Advanced Features (optional) 40 - 45Saving Traces and TDR PC Vision (optional) 46 - 60Cleaning, Maintenance, Warranty & Tech Support 61 - 62Q & A and Acknowledgements 63
1
What’s in the Box?
Made in the USA
2
Quarter VGA backlit LCD
Ruggedized weather resistant keypadwith high tactile feel for use with gloves
Solid ABS plastic case
N, BNC or F connector or NetworkUnits with an RJ-45 and BNC or F connectors
3
Battery Installation
CAUTIONNO mixing cells
Same Type & mAhr
BATTERY MENU
Select Alkaline or NiMH/NiCd andenter rated mAhrs
F2
4
AC or DC Power and Recharging
12.5 VDC @ 500 mAVehicle running is preferredDC power permits operationOR recharging, but not both
100-240 VAC 50/60 HzAC power permits operation AND Recharging
(Included withRechargeableTDRs)
5
CD-ROMCD DirectoryTDR PC VisionTM - - - - - - - - - MS Windows software loadable
to any number of PCsTDR Application Notes - - - - - 20+ Details Notes on TDR uses
Operation ManualQuick Start Guide Electronic Copies
Training PPT - - - - - - - - - - - - General/BroadcastCATV TechnicianTelephone Technician
www.aeatechnology.com6
Powering ON
Powering ON with Soft Reset
Pressing ON starts the unit, performs a self-checkand restores the last used settings
Press ON and then quickly pressing ENTER 4 – 5 timesperforms a soft reset and restoresfactory default settings
7
HIGH VOLTAGE DETECTEDTry pressing ENTER 1 or 2 times to see if the detection clears
If it will not clear, there is more than 100 VDC or 0.5VAC on the line being tested. Use precautions to remove the TDR and remove or reduce the voltage prior to retesting.
The 20/20 TDR is protected to 300VAC and 300VDC
8
F-Keys Menu, Channel Guide & ESC
Backspace KeyWhen in an numeric entry screen, F1 erases the last characterentered and jumps back one space
Escape KeyWhen in Menus F2 – F5Press to escape back to theMeasurement Screen
F2 UNIT SETTINGS: BACKLIGHT, CONTRAST AUDIO, BATT SAVER, BAUD, SELF TEST
F3 DATA DISPLAY: SCALES, GRIDS, UNITS OHMS/SWR/DB, SCREEN FROMAT
F4 UTILITIES: FAULT/INTERMITTENT FIND FILTERS, MEM SAVE/RECALL, CH SEL F5 CABLES: VIEW, CATALOGS, SELECT, EDIT CABLE SAMPLER, TEST LEAD CALIBRATION
First press
RJ45 TP- TKN CH TEL 568A 568B USOC 10BT PMD RING A R/B PR1 PR1 PR1 RX B G/B PR2 PR3 PR2 RX TX C PR3 PR2 PR4 TX RX D PR4 PR4 PR3 TXAB RG 12 13 12 TRAC 13 12 14AD 14 14 13BC 23 23 24 TRBD 24 34 23CD 34 24 34 TR
Second pressIf using a Network TDR
F1
9
Function Key Item & Selection Navigation 5
5
1
0
SCALE
BACKLIGHT TIMER :OFFBRIGHTNESS :8CONTRAST :8 AUDIO VOLUME :0………..
89ZO
MO
67ST
PE
45CR
R1
S
23CR
R2
S
102050
Any arrow key will move the selection left/right orIncrease/decrease numbersfor the menu item marked
10
Key – Unit SettingsBACKLIGHT TIMER :OFF {10, 20, 50 sweeps & continuous}BRIGHTNESS :8 {range 0 to 10}CONTRAST :8 {range 1 to 15} up for colder tempsAUDIO VOLUME :0 {range 0 to 3}AUDIO MODE :OFF, KEY BEEP, CONTINUOUSBAUD RATE :57600 {range 4800, 9600, 19200, 28800}BATTERY SAVER :OFF, ONSELF TEST :OFF {test list & keypad checker}
BATTERY MENU :
Internal re-chargeable TDRs have a sub-menu
F2
11
Key – Unit Settings
BATTERY MENU :
BATTERY SAVER : ON, OFF BATTERY TYPE : NICD NIMH, ALKALINE BATT CAPACITY : 2000 MAHR {400 – 5300 mAhr} EST. RUN TIME : > 7.0 HRS {Max to 0.0 hrs} BATTERY STATUS : 10.7V -220MA BATTERY TEMP : TEMPERATURE OK {HOT, COLD} CHARGER STATUS: IDLE {BATT CHK, PRE CHRG,
CHARGING, TRICKLE}
F2
12
Key – Data Display Options
V SCALE : 100 {range 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000}H SPAN : 20 {range 20 to 10,000}PLOT START : 0 {range 0 to 2,500}UNITS : FEET, METERSGRID LINES : 0 {range 0 to 4}BIG NUMBERS : OFF, ONPLOT TYPE : Z OMHS, SWR, RTN AMPL DB
Rechargeable TDRs are Z OHMS only
F3
13
Key – Special Functions
MEMORY ACTION : ◄► TO SAVE/RECALLNOISE FILTER : 0 {range 0 to 4}AVERAGING FLTR : 0 {range 0 to 7}VIDEO FILTER : 0 {range 0 to 4}INTRMTENT GRAB: OFF, ONFAULT FINDER : OFF, ONSTEP OR PULSE : STEP, PULSEINPUT CHANNEL : INPUT COAX, RJ45 CHs A, B, C, D,
AB, AC, AD, BC, BD, CD
Rechargeable TDRs have only STEP mode display
F4
14
Key - Cable Operations
AEA CABLE LIST {Cables listed by MFG, P/N, Type & Zo}VIEW USER LIST {56 User Defined Cables}EDIT USER LIST {Define or Alter a Cables Details & Store}TEST LEAD CAL {Removes the test lead from the plot}SAMPLE A CABLE {Find a Cable’s Velocity Factor}CURRENT CABLE:GENERIC PIC24AWG------------Z100 VF66.7
F5
15
How Does a TDR Work?The same as RADAR
Time
16
Cable Velocity and DistanceVelocity is designed in a cable at the time of its manufacture
Velocity is expressed as a fraction of the speed of light
Example: .66c
Time 2
X Velocity = Distance
20 n Sec 2
X .66c (648,172,800ft/sec) = 64.8 feet
VF or
VPBeware of VF Uncertainty
VoP or
NVP
17
Impedance “Z”
Z = 50 Ohms
Z = 100 Ohms
18
Cable Impedance (Z) and ReflectionsImpedance is a factor of both the conductor and the dielectric of the insulation between the conductor & shield or twisted pairs
Any deviation from the manufactured Z will cause reflections
OpenZo=50 or 100
Z = ∞Ω Open
Z = 0
Zo=50 or 100Short
Short
19
Pulse TDR
Pulse TDR
Longer and Longer Dead Zones
20
Step TDR = No Dead Zones – Any Range
Step TDR
21
Example Step TDR Reflections
Good Splice
Poor Splice
Mixed Impedances Bridged Tap
Water Split Pair ThatResplits
Pinched Coax
Poor QualityCoax
12
910
13
What a “Pulse TDR” Cannot See
22
20/20 Step TDR DisplayTDR Trace
Cursor 1
Horizontal Spanor H-Span(Feet or Meters)
0 20 40
70
60
50
40
30
CRSR1 19ft 10in 52.4 to 52.6Ω
BELDEN RG8/U VF 88.3
Vertical Scaleor V-Scale
(Z)
Velocity FactorCable Type
Cursor Information
27
Open Cable or Pair Shorted Cable or Pair
Example 20/20 “Step” TDR Traces
Opens and shorts send the trace to maximum or zero Ohms respectively. Unlike a pulse TDR, there is no trace after these events
23
Bad Connector on RG-59 Mixed Z, 75 then 50 Ohm
Example 20/20 “Step” TDR Traces
Both events will cause unwanted signal reflections. The 75-to-50 Ohm cable will add extra signal attenuation
24
Example 20/20 “Step” TDR TracesGood Splice Poor Splice
These splices are in 100 Ohm twisted pair cable.Good splices in coax should not be visible.
25
Example 20/20 “Step” TDR Traces
Wet Cable Split and Resplit
Wet cable always show an erratic downward excursion on the trace.
Splits and resplits are commonin home wiring where the ownerdidn’t understand the importanceof pairing
26
0 20 40
125
112
100
87
75
CRSR1 19ft 10in 100.4 to 100.6
GENERIC 24AWG VF 66.7
0 40 80
125
112
100
87
75
CRSR1 39ft 8in 100.5 to 100.7
GENERIC 24AWG VF 66.7
Zoom Key
0 80 160
125
112
100
87
75
CRSR1 79ft 6in 100.4 to 100.6
GENERIC 24AWG VF 66.7
89ZO
MO
89ZO
MO
28
0 20 40
125
112
100
87
75
CRSR1 19ft 10in 100.4 to 100.6
GENERIC 24AWG VF 66.7
20 40 60
125
112
100
87
75
CRSR1 39ft 8in 100.5 to 100.7
GENERIC 24AWG VF 66.7
Step Key
40
80
125
112
100
87
75
CRSR1 59ft 6in 85.1 to 86.4
GENERIC 24AWG VF 66.7
60
67ST
PE
67ST
PE
29
Scale Key
0 20 40
200
150
100
50
0
CRSR1 19ft 10in 100.4 to 100.6
GENERIC 24AWG VF 66.7
0 20 40
500
375
250
125
0
CRSR1 19ft 10in 100.4 to 100.6
GENERIC 24AWG VF 66.7
5
5
1
0
SCALE
30
Remaining Keypad Keys
Power OFFSaves AllSettings
OFF
ON
Enter savesmenu changes& returns toMeasurementDisplay, CursorHide/Unhide key
NE
T
RE
Cursor Keys activate,move & de-activate either cursor
45CR
R1
S
23CR
R2
S
Exam/Plot freezes or Un-freezes the activeplot EXAM
PLOT
31
Test Any USOC, 568A or 568BWiring Schemes
1 – T4 White/Brown2 – T3 White/Green3 – T2 White/Orange4 – R1 Blue5 – T1 White/Blue6 – R2 Orange7 – R3 Green8 – R4 Brown
RJ45 WiredUSOC
1 – T3 not connected2 – T2 Black3 – R1 Red4 – T1 Green5 – R2 YellowYellow6 – R3 not connected
RJ12 WiredUSOC
1 – T2 Black2 – R1 Red3 – T1 Green4 – R2 YellowYellow
RJ11 WiredUSOC
1 – T3 White/Green2 – T2 White/Orange3 – R1 Blue4 – T1 White/Blue5 – R2 OrangeOrange6 – R3 Green
RJ12 WiredUSOC
32
1 – T3 White/Green2 – T3 Green3 – T2 White/Orange4 – R1 Blue5 – T1 White/Blue6 – R2 Orange7 – R4 White/Brown8 – R4 Brown
RJ45 WiredT-568A
1 – T3 White/Orange2 – T3 Orange3 – T2 White/Green4 – R1 Blue5 – T1 White/Blue6 – R2 Green7 – R4 White/Brown8 – R4 Brown
RJ45 WiredT-568B
AEA Technology Reduced All Wiring Schemes to Coax & 4 Channels
The 20/20 TDR menu simplifies looking at any single pairor the difference between any two pairs
The 20/20 TDR in impedance independent and can test bothcoax and twisted pair cables with the same TDR
The 20/20 TDR has a customized cable list for technicianthat covers common coax cables and twisted pairs.
33
The AEA Cable List (F5) has over 1000 coax cables in a data base search format
Advantage of a Step TDR?
Quickly locate the distance to a fault and see type of fault
Stop rewiring when a simple 5 minute fix will clear the trouble
Eliminate the cable as cause for transmission problems
34
Read the impedance of the fault to determine if is service affecting
20/20 TDR’s AdvantagesRange Maximums: velocity dependent – 6,600 ft @ .66c
8,800 ft @ .88cMeasure Cable’s Impedance (Z) & Resistance (Ω) via “Dribble Up”
Use Noise, Averaging or Video Filters to clear the trace
Locates Distance and Impedance effects for:
Poor Splices Bad Connections
Cable Kinks Cable Damage
Water Network Devices
Impedance Mismatches Lossy Cable
35
What is “Dribble-Up” Dribble up is the resistance of the cable. Loop resistance for twisted pair and center conductor resistance for coax.
Step TDR’s add the resistance to the Zo of the conductors.
As the conductors get longer more slope appears.
36
What can Dribble-Up tell me?You can read the resistance gain over length to see if a cable meets factory specification
You can see series resistive faults and measure their resistance
You can determine cable gauge and see gauge changes
0 64 128
200
150
100
50
0
CRSR1 64ft 0in 86.3 to 86.7
VF 88.0
CRSR2 61ft 7in 80.5 to 80.8 CRSR 3ft 5in 5.8 to 5.9
If this is twistedpair it jumps from19 or 22 gaugeto 24 or 26 gaugeacross a seriesresistive splice
If this is coax thesecond section isvery lossy coaxacross a seriesresistive splice
37
Poor Splice or Bad Connection
0 1280 2560
CRSR 1096ft
VF 88.3BELDEN RG8/U
Pulse TDR
0 1280 2560
100
75
50
25
0
CRSR1 1157ft 0in 56.9 to 57.6
BELDEN RG8/U VF 88.3
CRSR2 1096ft 0in 55.8 to 56.1 CRSR 61ft 0in 1.1 to 1.5
20/20 “Step” TDR
Step TDR’s Advantages1. Series resistive fault with over 11 Ohms of loss in one spot.2. Both cable sections exhibit normal resistive loss as evidenced by
the “Dribble Up”
38
Water in OSP Cabling
0 640 1280
200
150
100
50
0
CRSR1 599ft 7in 120.4 to 120.6
GENERIC 24 AWG VF 67.0Water Rules1. Reduces the resistance ofthe dielectric or insulation -Hence reduces cable’s Z.2. Reduces velocity to anunknown – Hence distances ina water slug or after the slug areNOT valid.
1374 ft
599 ft 311 ft464 ft water
39
20/20 TDR’s Advanced FeaturesDifferential Mode ------------ Compares one twisted pair to another
twisted pair and shows any differences
Intermittent Grabber --------- Permits looking for a short or openand moving the cable or connectorsto find an intermittent fault
Fault Finder ------------------- Set upper and lower impedance limits,the TDR will jump the cursor to thefirst point exceeding the limit.
40Jump Forward to Memory Actions
Using Differential Mode1. Measure a single pair in a cable and and note the events2. Connect the telco test leads’ Green/Black pair or use an RJ45
plug input for access to another of the four pairs3. Press and select INPUT CHANNELF4
5
4. Press any key as required to select RJ45 AΔB for telco leads difference or any other RJ45 xΔx as desired, see QRG table
5. Press ENTER
41
Intermittent Grabber Mode1. Connect the cable with the suspect intermittent fault and full trace
3. Hand-over-hand move along the cable flexing and moving sections and connection points to induce the fault
2. Press select INTRMTENT GRAB and press any key to turn ON
F4
5
NOTE: If the entire trace goes erratic, change the termination and try again. Fault must be same as termination
42
Fault Finder Mode1. Connect the cable and set the full trace on the display
2. Press and select FAULT FINDER then press F4
5
3. Press to select AUTO FAULT: ON 4. Press to select MINIMUM OHMS, then MAXIMUM
OHMS and enter the limits for each when prompted5. Press ENTER to return Measurement Screen and CURSOR 1 will jump to the first minimum or maximum detected
AUTO FAULT LOCATION UP/DOWN MOVES CURSOR, F1=ESCAPE LEFT/RIGHT CHANGES SETTING ENTER RESUMES NORMAL OPERATION
->AUTO FAULT : OFF MINIMUM OHMS : 64 MAXIMUM OHMS : 86
150
100
75
50
0
64
86
43
Saving and Recalling Traces
Key – Special Functions
MEMORY ACTION : ◄► TO SAVE/RECALL
SAVE INST ONLY [Saves all the instrument set ups]RECALL INSTSAVE SCREEN [Saves trace - 250 data points]RECALL SCREENSAVE DETAILED [Saves trace – 2500 data points RECALL DETAILED best for trace over 3K feet]
F4
46
F5F4F3F2F1
ABCDE FGHIJ KLMNO PQRST UVWXY
F5F4F3F2F1
A B C D E
•Letters enter in 2 steps, select group first then single letter
•Numbers enter directly from the keypad
EXAMPLOT Z space delete - .
Name Saved Trace
47
TDR PC VisionTM Software TDR PC Vision is included with every TDR at no extra charge Operates on MS Windows® platforms Permits upload, archive and export of TDR plots in multiple formats Down load instrument settings from PC-to-TDR Applications include:
1. Email plots to tech expert or supervisor for assistance
2 Provide plots from field technicians to engineering to clarify plant issues
3. Develop a database of installations “As-Builts” for laterreference
4. Transfer plots to training to show new technicians
48 Jump forward to Maintenance
Getting Started with TDR PC Vision1. Open the TDR PC Vision folder on the CD-ROM
2. Double-click on the “Setup.exe” file to start the installation andfollow the MS Windows prompts until installation is complete
3. Connect the 20/20 TDR to the PC serial port using the enclosedcable
4. Turn ON the TDR and wait for the Measurement Screen
5. Click on the TDR PC Vision icon on your desktop
6. TDR PC Vision will open, search the COM Ports and establishcommunications with the TDR
49
TDR PC Vision Options Window
50
Correcting Communications Errors
Before pressing “Retry” check the following:1. Serial cable is connected at both the PC and TDR2. TDR is on and at the Measurement Screen
(Menu Screens inhibit communications)
Press “Ignore” to work with archived plots on the PC only
51
TDR PC Vision Options Window
Auto IncrementON – Increments the memoryslot by 1 with each uploadOFF – Manually entering a memory slot For each upload
Read ButtonsRead the selectedmemory slot anddisplay a graph ofthe plot
Archived PlotsThese are plots already saved on the PC. Thisbutton will appear active even if the TDR isnot connected or on.
52
Cursors DataCursor Data corresponds to the color cursor on the graph. Cursor control is by using the slide bararrows or direct mouse pointer onthe cursor line. The DELTA reading is the difference betweenthe two cursors.
The PlotThe trace shows both a good and poor splice. The poor splice at the Red cursor has excessive reflection and the trace exiting is higherThan the trace entering the splice indicating a series resistive fault.
53 Return to Last Slide
File Menu ItemsOpens browser to locate desired Save folder,in an Archived Plot to locate the .AEA file.NOTE: Windows will save only the lastOpened or uploaded plot, even if you try toSave a prior opened plot.
54
Edit and View Menus
Saves Chart Axis setting For all new plot imports
Copies graph to Clipboard for pasting in any MSWindows application
55
56
Chart Title Menu
57
Chart Plot Menu
Displays only Impedance (Z) Readings
Displays only Distance Readings
Displays both Impedance (Z) & Distance
Mouse Pointer displays Plot Point Values
58
Use to select aCOM port,BAUD rate,lock in 1 portor select USB-to-Serial con-verter. Thiswindow may also appear with aTDR com failure .
Press “ConnectPort/Poll TDR”To retry connection.A green statusIndicates goodCommunications.“Save Port Settings”speeds connectionwhen opening TDRPC Vision.
59
60
Cleaning Your 20/20 TDR1. Always spray cleaners and rinse water on a soft cloth, do NOT
spray directly on the TDR
Soft CasesThe soft case should be cleaned the same as the instrument. Usea soft bush to remove tough dirt. Do NOT immerse in water or dryin a dryer. Wash and Dry separately, both instrument and case shouldbe dry before enclosing the instrument in the case.
2. Typical Grime – Use a mild non-abrasive detergent like 409® in water or glass cleaner (non-ammonia) and rinse water to clean3. Cable Gel – User liquid “citrus” cleaner to remove4. Tar, creosote or adhesives – Use WD40® followed with mild
detergent and water
61
Maintenance, Service and WarrantyOperating Manual, Section 5, Maintenance, Service and Warranty.
Warranty – One year against material & workmanship defects
Questions, By all means – Contact us:
AEA Technology, Inc.5933 Sea Lion Place, Ste 112Carlsbad, CA 92010Tel: 800-258-7805 or +1-760-931-8979Fax: +1-760-931-8969
www.aeatechnology.co
m
Application Notes
Operating Manuals
TDR PC Vision
Data Sheets
See “User Troubleshooting Guide”
62
Questions and Answers
Acknowledgements:
MS Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft® Corp409 is a registered trademark of Clorox ® CorpWD40 is registered trademark of WD40 ® Corp
63
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