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Settling theFrontier

End of theFrontier

Elections

Tennessee representative to Congress for three terms, this famous hunter/story teller was

lured to Texas by the opportunity for free land and

aided the Texans in San Antonio, as they attempted to claim

independence at the Alamo.

Who wasDavey Crockett?

This political party, made up of former National Republicans (Federalists),

formed to oppose Jackson Democrats, finally winning a presidential election

with military hero William Henry Harrison and running mate John Tyler, “Tippecanoe and Tyler too!” Harrison

died of pneumonia four weeks after inauguration, and Tyler served one

term, failing to annex Texas.

Who were the Whigs?

Originally used as a Spanish plan to colonize California, the Mexican government abolished this system in 1833, giving some lands to Native Americans and

selling the rest as huge properties to Mexican settlers,

called rancheros.

What were California Missions?

This term was used for newly built communities in California during

the gold rush. One miner reported on the Yuba River where two

houses previously stood that he returned after a year to find a town

of 1,000 people “with a large number of hotels, stores, groceries, bakeries, and…gambling houses.”

What were Boomtowns?

This territory led the nation in giving women the right to vote, first in 1869 as a territory and then as a state in 1890.

What was the Wyoming Territory?

This author of the Little House series wrote from her real life

experiences as a child growing up on the plains of South Dakota in what was then Indian Territory. One account says how she did not

enjoy being a teacher, her first job at 16yrs. old.

Who was Laura Ingalls Wilder?

These Mexican cattle wranglers taught early western settlers how to raise and manage large herds

of cattle from horseback. The open ranges of Texas provided grazing land and wild cattle,

requiring ranchers to use branding and establishing the

cattle drive.

Who were Vaqueros?

In 1862 Congress passed this act, giving 160 free acres of land to

any settler who paid a filing fee, built a house, and farmed the

land for five years. Immigrants and women used this law to

acquire land, which had previously been almost

impossible.

What was theHomestead Act?

These African American soldiers, who served in the West after the

Civil War monitoring and controlling Native American

uprisings for the United States military, found opportunities such as the Homestead Act to

own and settle property.

Who wereBuffalo

Soldiers?

In the late 1870’s, these African Americans who migrated from

the South to Kansas named themselves after the biblical stories of the Exodus, which

describes the Jews’ escape from slavery in Egypt.

Who wereExodusters?

Ignoring a Supreme Court decision that protected Native American claims to the South,

President Andrew Jackson used his military command to do this, winning the popularity of whites

who wanted native gold deposits and farm land.

What wasIndian Removal?

This nickname was given to William Cody, hired by the Kansas Pacific Railroad to

slaughter as many buffalo as possible to feed railroad workers,

prevent herds from destroying railroad tracks, and deprive

natives of their traditional food source.

Who was Buffalo Bill?

As reservation policy was being established by the 1867 Indian Peace Commission, the Sioux and Cheyenne

resisted long enough at this famous location in Montana, killing an

overconfident Colonel George Custer and all of his command of 250 soldiers. The Native uprising was soon crushed

and the survivors were moved to a reservation in South Dakota.

What wasLittle Big Horn?

This bloody battle marked the end of armed conflict between whites and

Native Americans, as military officials attempted to arrest Sitting

Bull for allegedly being the leader of the Ghost Dance movement. When peacefully gathered at this creek, a

shot was fired ending in the death of 200 Sioux and 25 soldiers.

What wasWounded Knee?

This Apache leader from the New Mexico and Arizona region

became the last Native American to formally surrender to the United States after using the Mexican border to evade

troops and stage raids against settlers in the 1880’s.

Who was Geronimo?

Known as the “Corrupt Bargain,” this election was stolen by a deal between candidate John Quincy Adams and

Speaker of the House, Henry Clay, who worked out a tie-breaking vote from

Congress in favor of Adams instead of Andrew Jackson. Jackson had a

plurality of electoral votes and the popular vote, but not enough for a

majority under the 12th Amendment.

What wasthe Election of

1824?

Andrew Jackson won this election by a landslide for many reasons: one, the corrupt nature of the previous

election; two, Adam’s vice president switched parties to run with Jackson; three, new campaigning styles, using

slogans, rallies, buttons and mudslinging; four, average citizens connected more with Jackson as a

self-made man.

What wasthe Election of

1828?