2. dr. mokarram · , 567 8’ 3 cv/ ˛43, m#(3 &p m‘k3 ˛ !g\3 d9 . ^"# 7gh/ j’ ˚...

Post on 01-Oct-2020

0 Views

Category:

Documents

0 Downloads

Preview:

Click to see full reader

TRANSCRIPT

�������� ��� �� ����� ������� � ��� 4� ��� 1397

.#$ 31-17

���� ��� �� ����� ����� ��� �� �� ������ � �!� �"GIS

���� �����∗ - ���� ������ ������ ����� ����� � ������ ����� ���!��"#�. %��!�� %��&�- ��"�� ��� �"'(�) *��� ������ ��+� %��,-–GIS �#(� .! /���0� �1�(' ������ �2�3��(45 ����� �.

:�/�+� 7�!8910/05/1396 �4�3 :�!�&�15/02/1397

�&'()

� ����*+, -, �./ ���� 0 1'��, -��,&2, 3, �(4 567� 8'�3 92� &:*.� ;<�=� 8'':>

�� .&��� �� �� 6'?�@ ��� 1A+ B4C4&� �� C� ;'DE> 84, 3, F&� 9A� 8'��, 1� 1G>

H=� 84, �,C� .&��� �� IC�&=� 9J �� K@ L�M> , � K��C� C�� NC� 0 567� 8'�3 B':A�

��A, , �C� �� �1J�/0� 3, 1O$�� �P.Q 3, 1O$�� �9�R> , �B�G �S'� &=J�� �4��C*�, �� 3,

��� 14T K,=U 1� ���=� 8'�3 � �0�G 3, 1O$�� �0�R*�, 567� 8'�3 CV/ 8'':> �,C� �0� �

1�DJ �B4WU X��> Y4C:> � �3�� 5� 3, �0�R*�, �� �� 14T 84, 3, Z4 C� 1'�> 3, &:� .&�

��� 1�DJ 3, Z4 C� �J��[�� H=� 1� B4��J 0 .&� 1'�> ��C*�, �� 3, Z4 C� �,C� �3��

��, 1� 1G> �� �567� 8'�3 �4��J 1�DJ 1'�> � �3�� 92� CV/ 0 �� 14T 3, Z4 C� 1� �*'

) �>,C� 1O.O� P'OE> �&� 0 �G�3 1.4�D� ]4C>�� 0�^4, �� �&J ,0 567� 8'�3AHP 1�DJ (

#/�� 3, �0�R*�, �� �IC�&=� 9J � 567� 8'�3 8'� L�M> , 8'':> �,C� 1�,0, 0 .&� 1'�> �4��J

) ��,CQ�> B':2�TPI .&� 1'�> 1DV=� IC�&=� 1�DJ ( ���*+, 84C*�'� 1� 0,0 K��J `4�*J

3, P$�+ `4�*J .&��� �� 1:��V� 0 � 1DV=� aCb a=G � ���� �aCb 0 567� 8'�3 0,&/

� 0) �� 1�,C�@ 1� L�C� 1DV=� 0 IC�&=� &$ 0 84C*�'� 1� 0,0 K��J 1DV=� ��� IC�&=� 1�DJ

0�&+ �� (��31 0�&+ �� �� 1O2 � &$ 07/26 .&��� �� &$ 0 C� 1� 0,0 K��J `4�*J 8'=f��

�4� �� Z406J �� 1O2 � �� 1[> ��� g,C�, h/ &=J�� �J�*.�� ;<�=� ��� IC�&=� 1� 1)

���*+, �� IC�&=� 9J 84, 0 1(=4, 1� 1G> �� 84,C��=� .0� �� C*�'� 567� 8'�3 CV/ ���*+,

���*�� ;<�=� �W:� 0 � �� �0�G ��3 ���� ��b�� �A, , 0G� B4C4&� &4�� �0 ,0 0G�

.0C'Q - $ ;<�=� 84, 0 �C*�'�

:����� ��� � �3�� 5� �567� 8'�3AHP) �4�'�,C7G B':2� #/�� �TPI.IC�&=� �(

CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ∗ �D!(�:E(FD� E-mail: m.mokarram@shirazu.ac.ir

18 ����� ������ �� ����� ���� ��� ���� 4 � ���1397

1�&D�

! 9 � ��! 7GH/ .�� ! 9�� ����� ����� � ����G�I�) ��J�K� LD! M4�D� �� �1(3 M��N � O&� ��P . ���

.�� L�,P� 7GH/�� �� �P �Q !� � %�(3O&� .��� ���N �#��� � RK� ��(� ��(Q��(Q ��P .!� %�(� L�,P� �� M�/� .!�3

S��D' � ! 9%) ."#(�9 T(N� �� � ���� �/�� � ���1 ��P�� �P� �� U1�) ���1392 ������ ���H3 �� %�D�� ����.(

���� 7�"DQ � �����T(N� L�#�DX �����3�� ��P 7GH/ .�� ���"DP(� �X�(� �� Y!� �� �.�� �� ZJ# �� �� �P

�%����,P � ��D�#�(Q) L#� ��� ! �32006) 7GH/ .�� T(N� �[��X .!�"��� ��#) ��N �O"D�� %�N �� .(220 ��(�

��) �"��� �� %�X��\� � �"�� �� �3 .!�"��� ��!��) ��N .L#� ��� ]�0"'� �(' �� �� ( � 7��GQ � *2500 � (�^�

�����) L#� ��� ���\3 �� S���D' %�G�� .!�3_�� �9���1391.(

*P�Y9 �`,1 ��� � ��\�� �(�� � a��' �� 7GH/ .�� ��(� �� �� �4�P) .�D`! ��� �� %�(32008 ��&3 ��(� �� (

�� �`D`# M�`K3 �!��c 7�� �# �� ����3 d!��) ��(X �� 7GH/ .�� L�#�DX ��+� ��3�(AHP) ��� �("��c �

(wf) ����) e'�� �(wi) 7�� �� ��� eI�� ��� .!� f!�"� �� ��� ����AHP �� 7GH/ .�� ����� g����

�� %��� �"&� ��/�J� ��(� ��(X �� ��!� 7�� �� �� L�D�) %����,P � h�� *P�Y9 �� .��i,P . P�2012 ���� (

��/�J� �� �� ���' � �� ��&9 �� �� .�j k�� �(�1 �`X�# g���� �� ��� �j �!(3 E � l�#��� 7GH/ .�� �J

�� 7GH/ .�� �J' � �� ��&9 ���� ��#��� 7�� E � .!� *P�Y9 .!� f!�"� l�#� �� . �"'���9� ��! . ��� � ��!

) %�� m#(3 7GH/ .�� ��(� �� � ��\�� ��P���2009 O"D�# � ��^"#� �� �� Lc�Q ��\�� (�Q O�,03 �����"�9 ��

���(� �� �n- .L'���9 %�(!�3 �� 7GH/ .�� L�#�DX ��+� ��&3 ���� 7GH/ .�� �`o� M��(- a��I"#� �� �!�pc

) %����,P � ��#(#�(Q � ��q2000) .�/�3 � %�"#� �(1996) %����,P � �D!�`# �(2002) d!(!� � ��,`P� �(2003 (

) ���Q���! � (/�!) �2005�+� (�. ��(,� ��&3 �� 7GH/ .�� �� L�#�DX ��P

�� �� � ��\�� 7GH/ .�� %(����9 �-(�"� ��&�P�Y9 %��!� ��) %����,P � ��� r�c ��� �� %�(31383 .��� ���� (

%) �PM��(- �[s� �� T(N� .�� 7GH/�P � ��&9 � �� �J' .�� 7GH/ �� (X G�I�) .!��� ���-.\3 # ��(� #����

�N�� . ���� �#��� � d9 T�^3�� M��- ���� .!��� G�I�) (X �� ����� g���� �� � ��\�� S��/�J� ���� � ��� �� ��P

.�� ������ ��Q ���� � L&1 �U�� ��!�� ZJ# � ���� � �`o�c � MDQ � �`o�c , ��1 � �`o�c ��#��� .�� ��P

�� ��/�� �[s� M��(- % �(�- �� �c��Q�� �P �!_ ���!� � d9 . � � ��� e�I�3 �+J�� 7GH/ .�� T(N��� ��P �3�-n

.!� �� u(���9 m�K� �� M��-GIS ��P��Gc� ��� � ��^"#� �� �Arcview �(Idrisi, Arc/Info, Ilwis) , � ��&3

�!_ .!� � �� � �P7GH/ .�� *����9 �3�-n�� �!_ �� �P3 � �!G\3 . � ��� �JN �P %��� �) L#� �� f!�"� M�`K

�� 7GH/ .�� T(N� �� �,� ��[v3 ����� �c��Q�� �P ���� � �`o�c � U�� L&1 M��- �� �� ���� dw# . ���� ��^"#� �

7�� � ����(w,P e'�� � ZJ# O���3 ��3�-n�� 7�� 7�� .�� 7GH/ .�� �J' � �� ��&9 ���!� �[s� M��- L^P �

�3��� �`D`# M�`K3O"D�# � �P( AHP) m�K� �� �GIS L#� .!� ������ g�+K3 .!� � �) L#� �� f!�"� . � ��\��

.�� ������ ��! S����H3 �&�) �� �� �+���� 7�� ��&j �P �� ���� �(DK� �J' �9 g���� xG1 ��"c�Q S�(o �P ���Q

�P �� (X �1��' ���P� y���� g���� G���4 M�D��"9 ����� 7���� 7GH/ .�� T(N� �� _�� �`X�� .!� � d9 . ����

7�� ���!���#n� 2��^3 �{� � �&�) � �� L!(/�� � � �� ��&9 ��P L�D� 7�� � ��� .!� ���� . � ��\�� �J' ��P

�#n� � 2! �P �� �,���3�#n� �"&� 2��^3 ������ f!�"� �� � ��^"#� �J' ��P e'�� 7�� �� �J' ��P

w,P�� ����(. ���

) �,�X� ��� � ���1387 . ���� ��\�� ��3��� �`D`# M�`K3 7�� � ��^"#� �� 7GH/ .�� � �� ��&9 ��+� (� �({�� �

�`o�c �%���� ����� ������ ��5(/("�/ �U�� L&1 �U�� M��(- � (#���� ���'��� G!��) ��(X ��P�(3 S���X �#���

567� 8'�3 CV/ ���43 ,9J �� K@ L�M> , �... 19

� MDQ � �`o�c ����'��� � m#(3 �&P��� M�`K3 � �!G\3 � d9 . � ��^"#� 7GH/ �J' � �� ��&9 ���� ��1 � �`o�c

��Gc� ���ArcGIS �!_ � �� � �P ��[v3 f!�"� .Lc�Q ��\�� � �� ��&9 � !��Q eI�� 7GH/ T(N� �� �3�-n�� ��P

7GH/ .�� � �(1(� �Q ����9 � � �� ��&9 .!� �D!�+� � Mo�X�� %��� �P ��#��� 7�� ���3��� �`D`# 7�� �� ��

�� (#���� G!��) ��(X 7GH/ �J' � �� ��&9 ���� ���.

) ��G�`- � �!�"#��1390��&9 (.�� �J' � �� %�Qn��) 7�� � ��^"#� �� (�|���) ��j �c(o ��(X �� 7GH/

.�� �� ��8Q��[v3 ��P�"����9 � 2! �P ���� g�+K3 .!� �� . ���� ��\����&3 ��+� ...� U�� L&1 �U�� M��N � 7GH/

��+� g�^`3 � �') �� � ���&9 ��+� �M��- ��P) %����,P � �/("� .L#� � ��&3 �!�&� � ��1388 � ��^"#� �� (

�1 � �`o�c ��5(/("�/ �� ��� %��� f!�"� . ��(,� �#��� �� �� G�I�) ��(X �� 7GH/ .�� T(N� 2�"D\/ %(�#�Q�� �

*�� �� � eI�� 7GH/ .�� T(N� E�,"X� ��+� � ��^"#� �� . ���� �+J�� �� 7GH/ .�� T(N� �� �,&� *+� U��

�50 ) %����,P � �4n� . �"DP m#("� L�#�DX ����� �+J�� o��1392 � ( ������� � 2�"D\/ %(�#�Q� 7��

���7GH/ .�� �J' �1�� ��(1(� ��PE�# �\�9 �� �P ��!89 U�#) ���!�� �� . ���� .���3 .�i"�P �+J�� �� �!)

�� ��D� S�(0� �) L#� �� 2D!� �!��+� . � ��#�K� MD��9 �P �� �+J�� 2D!� �!��+� �U�#) }��� �� x�G1��

� 1 �(J� %��K� L!�! � �&�) �� !�� �� �� _�� 2D!� �� ��&�� �) L#� �� 2D!� � �� ��&9 . � � ��� �� ��1� �

.�(,� eI�� !)

) %����,P � ���Y���1393 ��(� �� %�"D`Q %�"#� �� S��! G�I�) ��(X 7GH/ .�� S���D' � �J' � �� ��&9 (

��J' ��+� �# U���3 � � (2D!� ��(,- �/����) d���� �/���� � 7GH/ .�� S���D' S � ��+� . ���� ���N ��/�J�

�1�� � �J' }��� �� �o��- . � ��&3 ��!89 U�#)) %����,P � �,�+�1392�/�+� �� �(��&9 � ���!�� �� �� �J' � ��

.������ M�`K3 �!)�c � ��^"#� �� ������ �&� �� 7GH/) ��ANP�"'���9 ( ��� %��� f!�"� ��71 ����� �+J�� o��

.�� m#("� �J'#�DX � U�� M��- �!)�c .!� �� .��i,P �LDP 7GH/O&� �5(/("�/ L� &- �� �� O&# .!�3

�"���) �(9 �/� r�c � ��1� . ��1393��&9 %�(�- LK3 �+�+K3 �� (.�� � ��7GH/. �� ��j �(�Q ���'��� ��(X ��P

) ���"�� d9 �(' *�9 T(� � �!_ �j %��"w#�9 E � � ��^"#�BP ��� � � ��\!� ��0- ���� ���!�� L&1 ( ��P

41 .�� ���� �� ��� ~� 7GH/8 �!_ � M��"� ��!_ ���� �MDQ � �`o�c ��5(/("�/ �T�^3�� �U�� L&1 �U�� ��P

.�� *����9 � ����� ������ ��c��Q�� �P��&9 �� 7GH/.�� � �� �� ��� %��� Mo�X f!�"� .L#� �"'���9 7GH/

2P) � �"c�Q M�� �#��� .�� ��"'�# L! �) � �#�3�� ��P _�� �"�(�� ����� �� �#�"#� .��i,P � ���c�9 ��P

(� �� K� �� ���_) � �����|(� (� �N�� S�-�^3�� �� � R-��.�� �� '� �� �!_�� L`��N � */�3 ��P 7GH/

. �(� ����('��

�(3 �!�\��1����� ��P �!)�c �`,1 � 7GH/ .�� M��N � ��(� ��&� k�� �� .!�c) M��� �� ��j �L#� %���� �

.�� ������ U!�I3 U1(� ! 9 .!� ���� ��(X �1��' �� �(#� �/(3 *!�Gc� G�� � ��3��� � ������ ��P� .�(

�� 7GH/ .�� �"D� g���� .���3 ��/�J� .!� � y P 7GH/ .�� �"D� g���� .���3 � �#��� L�,P� �� �1(3 ��

� �� .��i,P . ��� �� %���� �&� k��) �c��Q(9(3 L��N(� e'�� � ��^"#� �� �P ��c �/ ��+� ��/�J� .!TPI ��&3 (

M�� �� g�+K3 �`"I� MX��� .�(� �� eI�� 7GH/ .�� %�G�� � ��c �/ T(� .�� u��3�� L!�&� �� � �(� ��1

:L#� � ��� %���

20 ����� ������ �� ����� ���� ��� ���� 4 � ���1397

P(�1 : � 567� 8'�3 &:*.� ;<�=� 8'':> H=� 1� ;'DE> 5� P+,C��� IC�&=� �� K@ L�M> ,

;'DE> 5�

1:��V� 0 � 1DV=�

�!��c��H1 L��N(� �� %���� �&� k�� �� ��/�J� ��(� �+J��30 � �1��1 �3 �+�N�30 � �1��42 � �N�� �+�N�57

� �1��12 �3 �+�N�58 � �1��3 M��) L#� � �N�� �+�N�2 ��/�J� ��(� �+J�� LX�D� .(3376��� �"�(`�� �� �

U�3�3 �� ��/�J� ��(� �+J�� �� T�^3�� .!�",� � .!�"��� . ���243 �3537 �"��� ��/�J� ��(� G�I�) (X . ��� �� �"�

g���� .!� �� �� �|�� � ������ ����� � �!�"#�� %���� ��P ��1 �� �1(3 �� .L#� � �N�� ���"DP(� g���� ��

/ .�� �J' �#��� � �� �"c�Q ���N %��� �! M�� �� ��/�J� ��(� �+J�� L��N(� . ���� �� O&� g���� .!� �� 7GH

:L#� � ���

P(�2: 1:��V� 0 � 1DV=� �4�'�,C7G B':2�

567� 8'�3 CV/ ���43 ,9J �� K@ L�M> , �... 21

�� �0,0

� ��1 � �`o�c ����'��� � �`o�c �U�� �T�^3�� �!_ � ��/�J� ��(� �+J�� 7GH/ .�� ��&9 ��+� ��&3 �({�� ��c �`o�

��[v3 M��(- %�(�- �� ����� ������ � �5(/("�/ �U�� L&1 �MDQ � ��Gc� ��� �� ��8QGIS .�� ��+� . � ��^"#�

l��+� �� �(�� �#��� .�� %���# � ��/�J� ��(� �+J�� �#���1:100000 E � � ��^"#� �� �+J�� U�� . � ��&3

��Gc� ��� �� �� � ��&3 T�^3�� ��(N�ArcGIS 2��^3 S� N ��90 �� ��/�J� ��(� �+J�� L&1 ��+� . � ��&3 �"�

m�K� �� MDQ � �`o�c . � ��&3 T�^3�� ��(N� E � � ��^"#�GIS � ��&3 MDQ ��+� � �(1(� ���(3 � ��^"#� ��

�(�� G!� ������ � L!�! � %���# � .�� ������ ��+� . � ��&3 �#��� .�� %���# �7��� ��+� . � ��&3 �+J��

�� �� �#����(P ��P ��� �� �1(3 ��30 ��P ���'��� � �P ��1 . � ��&3 �(�� �#����(P %���# � �"�8Q E�#

l��+� �� �c��Q(9(3 ��P ��+� � ��/�J� ��(� �+J��1:25000 . � ��&3

5�

�3�� 5�

� �� �� �� �� .�� �� �(1(� ��P ! 9 �! � x���� � 2! �P L!(p- ���3 �!��3 �`�#� �� ��c 7�� ��0 �31 �!��3

� ��) �(,�1965 � - �-(,\� .!� �� .(0 L!(p- ������ 2! � - ��{� ��(� �-(,\� �� �� �(1� � - �P� %���

�� �{� ��(� �-(,\� �� o�� o �(� �� ! 9 . ��� Y!� L�,P� � L!(p- ���3 �(&^��-(,\� ��(F3 �� �� ��c ��P

�� ����('�������� ��,3 �� � ��o(3 %) L!(p- ���3 �`�#� �� ��c �-(,\� 2! �� u(��� S�-n�� ��,3 �� ��j � ���

�-(,\� ��(F3 �� u(��� M!�D� � �P�� ��^"#� %) � ��c ��Pc �� +� L!(p- ���3 .���Q ��c �-(,\� 2! %�(� ��

�� eI�� �� �N�� �� � �� ��%�,/� L!(p- �1�� %�G�� �� ����3�� %��� �-(,\� 2! �� �� �`"I� ��P ���3 � P�

L!(p- �!(Q .

S�(o �� ��c E � �� L!(p- ���3 �/����1 �� �!��3 .�(�) Mc Bratney and Odeh, 1997:(

)1(

Aµ L!(p- �1�� �� L#� �"!(p- ���3x �-(,\� �� ��A �� �!��3L!(p- ���3 .!� �� ��� +� . ���� q�I3� �P

.�� ���0 �31 .L#� �J' L!(p- ���3 � �L!(p- ���(3 T�(�� �(1� �� �1(3 �� ��/�J� .!� �� � ��^"#� �� �+��q

�%��,#�N � ��! ��-)1394.(

) �M>,C� 1O.O� P'OE> &=4,C� 5� ١AHP( �("��c %��� u�� 3�� ���� �,&� �"����9 � %� �"����9 �� �" c� ��� � ��P7GH/ .�� LCCC#�. � 2! �P ���!� M� /� ��

�QY!� ��� �3��^"� ��[v3 ����� ��P7GH/ .�� %�G�� 7�� 2,� �� � �"DPAHP .Lc�Q S�(o �P� %�AHP

���� %� �� L#��"����9 �� �P� �� %�#) �� �P. �� AHP �"����9 � 2! �P �"^1 �D!�+� �� � 2! �P .���� ���3 �P

�("��c�1�� l�#� �� �P ���� �� �"�,P�7GH/ .�� �� K� �� ���� � ��1 �39 �� ���N E� 1) ���Q1 .(

CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC 1 Analytical Hierarchy process

{ .....})}(, XxeachforxxA A εµ=

22 ����� ������ �� ����� ���� ��� ���� 4 � ���1397

��&G1: �G�3 1.4�D� �,C� �0�'=� g�'D� )Saaty & Vargas, 2001(

S�K��(3 �^�o(3 7�� �� - 7��

����� L�,P� 1 1 - ���� 2

Z1�� �,� ���!� �� L�D� �("��c 2! -

L#� �3

��!�+3m#("� 3

- m#("� 4

Z1�� ���!� �� L�D� �("��c 2!3L#� � _�� L�,P����!� �� L�D� �3 5 - �(N 6

����� ���!� �� L�D� �0�- 2!

L#� ��! L�,P�

�(N �`�' 7

- �(N �`�' �`�' 8

����� ���!� �� L�D� �0�- 2!

L#� ��"��� �`�' L�,P� Z1�� �n����3 9

�"����9 �"N�i ��j �� �D!�+�7�� � ��! ����� � �(� �"����9 �L#� _�� ��Pj

7�� �� M��+"� ���� �����i �� ���

��)M��+"� M,-

(�c��

S_���� g�� �1� �D!�+� d!�3�� 2,� �� ��!� S���- ��2 �3 �� �P����� ��!� �� L�D� ����� �P L�,P� � 7��

.�(,� eI�� %�(3 ��

aij = aik · akj (2)

a ij= 1/ a ji (3)

��i �j �k . ��� �� �#��� ��(� d!�3�� �� u(��� �!��+�

E(��c �� �1(3 ��4 �5 .�� ��� -� �7GH/ .�� .���3 �� �[(� ��P�"����9 � 2! �P �� � �� �D!�+���1 �39 %) ����

�� �(� �� �"c�Q �{� �� �P .�� ���� �P�"����9 � 2! �P ���� L!�&� �� �1� �D!�+� d!�3�� M���3 ��0 �31

.�(� �� ��I"��

� �!��3 ��P %� �/���� .!� g�� .�(� �� ��^"#� �! �/���� � 7GH/ .�� ��+� ��# ���) �({�� �� L!�&� ��

� ��� � ��&3 ��c ��P ��+� �� �P�"����9 � 2! �P ���� ��/�J� ��(� �+J�� 7GH/ .�� �!�&� ��+� �3 �(� �

.���Q ��&3

( ) XxWk

jxAjA εµµ ∑

=

×=1

(4)

011

>=∑=

j

k

jj WW (5)

�� K� �� �P�"����9 � 2! �P �� u(��� %� �� �(� �� eI�� _�� E(��c �� �1(3 ��0 �3 1 %� T(,\� � L#�

�� ����� �!�&�1 ��� ��

567� 8'�3 CV/ ���43 ,9J �� K@ L�M> , �... 23

) ��,CQ�> B':2� #/�� 3, �0�R*�, �� �� IC�&=� �&=� 1DM<TPI(

�� T�^3�� ��(N� E � � �+J�� ��P ��c �/ ��#� 1 ����2��^3 S� N 90 . � ��^"#� �"�10 l�#� �� ��c �/ T(�

TPI . � �!�#��� �c��Q(9(3 L��N(� e'�� �!TPI �/���� g��6 T�^3�� ��(N� E � 2! �� E(`# �P T�^3�� �D!�+�

T�^3�� L!�&� �� . ��� �� �!�D,P �P E(`# T�^3�� .������ �� �(� �� O�G��� �� T�^3�� �� +� � .������ .

(6)

��\�!� ��

0Z=���!�� LK3 E � �J+� T�^3��

nZ=���� � T�^3��

n =���!�� �� � �"c�Q �{� �� y���� u�+� M� � �3

U���3TPI E� 1) �(� ��\!� E���� T�(�� �3 P� �� �1� ��G� � 2j(� l��+� ��2 %�(3 �� �"&� � �� �+�� ���� .(

��/�J� ��(� �+J�� � �� O�j ���� ���&� � �� �+�� 2! �3 ��� ��\�� �"#� S�(o �� � �� �+�� G�� �P ln� .�� �� �

MD��9 %) y���� eI�� MD��9 �� �� T�^3�� ��(N� E � �� MD��9 �P T�^3�� ��c��Q(9(3 L��N(� e'�� .O���� �"���

� �� �D!�+� M��) �1 L��� �!��+�.(TPI � (�P �w3) �"c�Q ���N y���� u�+� � �3_�� �� L#� �+���� �P� %���

�^�� �!��+�TPI G�� �^o 2!�G� � �^o �!��+� .(�P ��) �"DP %��c���� � �3 .�!�9 �� L#� �+���� �P� %���

�� �! (L#� �^o 2!�G� U�� �� �!�1) ZJD� g���� �P� %���. �"DP L��[ U�� �� �+��

��&G2: ��,CQ�> B':2� #/�� g��, C� �� IC�&=� 9,J, �&=� 1DM<

ln� ��,� ��c �/ T(� �!��+�TPI

1 �P ����� � S�-�^3�� �� �N�� ��P �Q !�� � �P �� TPI≤ -1

2 ) ��P �������� ��P �P�� -1 < TPI<1

3 �^3�� ��P *�P TPI≥1

4 ��P ��u M�� TPI≤ -1

5 2j(� ��P L�� o1 < TPI<1 , Slope ≤ 5-

6 �# L�� o1 < TPI<1 , Slope > 5-

7 (S�-�^3�� �� �N�� ZJD� �(J#) �!_�� ��P Snc TPI≥ 1

8 l��/� m' �^3�� ��P TPI≤-1

9 �w3 -1 < TPI<1

10 l��/� m' (� �`N ��^3�� ��P TPI≥ 1

L��� �!��+�TPI �w3) �"c�Q ���N y���� u�+� � �3_�� �� L#� �+���� �P� %��� �^�� �!��+� � (�PTPI �P� %���

�!�1) ZJD� g���� �P� %��� G�� �^o 2!�G� � �^o �!��+� .(�P ��) �"DP %��c���� � �3 .�!�9 �� L#� �+����

. �"DP L��[ U�� �� �+���� �! (L#� �^o 2!�G� U�� ��

24 ����� ������ �� ����� ���� ��� ���� 4 � ���1397

�� 1*��4 � lE�

m�K� �� � "��ArcGIS �� �1(3 �� .L#� � ��� %��� �! M�� �� �� � ��&3 M��(- � 2! �P �� u(��� ��+�

���!�DEM 2��^3 S� N ��90 � �L#� E(�N M��N ��#� ZJ# �� �P ��c �/ �#��� �({�� �� �"�DEM 90 ��"�

� ��/�J� ��(� �+J�� T�^3�� ��+� ��&3 ���� M�� �� �1(3 �� . � ��^"#3 �(�1 � E�,� ���| �� �(� �� eI��

� *�� ���! S�-�^3�� ����� �+J�� ��|3000 L&1 ����� �+J�� �� �(� �� eI�� .��i,P . ��� �� �"�

� �!��c��H11- �3360 ln� �� ��/�J� ��(� �+J�� ��P ��# ��+� .��i,P . ��� �� �1��1 �36 � � �� �+��

�(1� � ���X �+J�� ��P MDQ ��+� . ��� �� 7GH/ .�� � *!�#�c �� ��# �"��� L�#�DX �P� %��� �� L#�

�� ��/�J� ��(� �+J�� ����� ������ ��+� . ��� �� ��/�J� ��(� �+J�� ��| E�,� � ��| �� MDQ9 ����� ln�

����� ���&� ����� ���3�� ����� ��`��1 ����� ������� .L#� �"c�Q ���N �P���) � �Io ���� �O!� ����� �LI/

M�� �� �1(3 �� .��i,P3 . ��� �� ��/�J� ��(� �+J�� �/�,� g���� �� U�� .!�"��� �� �(� �� eI��

U�� L&1 T�^3��

MDQ *!�#�c �� L�#�DX ��P ln�

567� 8'�3 CV/ ���43 ,9J �� K@ L�M> , �... 25

����� ������ U��

���'��� ��1

�Q ���� P(�3 : 1:��V� 0 � 1DV=� 567� 8'�3 0 Cn� ���C*�, �� 3, Z4 C� 1�DJ

� ��^"#� ��) %��,#�N � ��! ��- m#(3 � ��\�� S��/�J�1394 �� . � �!��3 �P�"����9 � 2! �P ���� ��c .���(N �(

%��� ]�0"'� � �P�"����9 � 2! �P ��[�3 .!�"��� ."c�Q �{� �� �� ��!�(� � -1 ���8Q��[�3 � - � %) � �"��� �!��+� ��

� - %��� ]�0"'� � 7GH/ .�� �!��c �� �P�"����9 .!�0 �^o .�� �� �� K� ���[�3 .!�",� � .!�"��� .�� �!��+� �

E(��c g�� �2! �35 M��) � ��&3 �P�"����9 � 2! �P ���� ��c ��+�4.(

26 ����� ������ �� ����� ���� ��� ���� 4 � ���1397

U�� L&1 T�^3��

MDQ *!�#�c �� L�#�DX ��P ln�

����� ������ U��

567� 8'�3 CV/ ���43 ,9J �� K@ L�M> , �... 27

���'��� ��1

%���� P(�4 : 567� 8'�3 ;<�=� 8'':> 0 Cn� ��� *��� 3, Z4 C� �3�� 1�DJ

) ��3��� �`D`# M�`K3 �!��c 7�� � 7GH/ .�� �!�&� ��+� ��&3 �({�� �� L!�&� ��AHP ( �%� �"����9 . � ��^"#�

L#� 7GH/ .�� �� �"c� ���� ��P�("��c %��� u��3�� ���� �,&� �"����9. �QY!� � 2! �P ���!� M�/� �� ����� ��P

7�� 2,� �� � ���� 7GH/ .�� ��� �3��^"� ��[v3AHP .Lc�Q S�(o �P� %�AHP %� �� L#� ���� �P�

�� %�#) �� �P�"����9 �� . ��AHP �1�� l�#� �� �P�("��c � 2! �P .���� ���3 �P�"����9 � 2! �P �"^1 �D!�+� ��

�� K� �� ���� 7GH/ .�� ���� �� �"�,P� � ��1 �39 �� ���N S��/�J� �� �1(3 �� . ���Q ) %��,#�N � ��! ��-1394 (

�D!�+� �7GH/ .�� �J' �� �P�("��c � 2! �P L�,P� ."c�Q �{� �� �� �! E� 1 g�� �P�("��c � 2! �P ���� �1�

M��) � ��\��5.(

P(�5: �M>,C� 1O.O� P'OE> �&� 3, P$�+ `4�*J

.!�",� � U�� 7GH/ .�� �� ��8Q ��[�3 �("��c .!�",&� �� �(� �� eI�� ��3��� �`D`# M�`K3 E � f!�"� �� �1(3 ��

� L!�&� �� . ��� �� ���'��� � �`o�c �"����9 m�K� �� �P�"����9 � 2! �P %� ."c�Q �{� �� �GIS .�� �!�&� ��+�

M��) � ��&3 7�H/6.(

28 ����� ������ �� ����� ���� ��� ���� 4 � ���1397

P(�6: � �3�� 5� 3, �0�R*�, �� 1DV=� 567� 8'�3 1�DJAHP

�N�� g���� ���/�X �� . ���� �� 7GH/ .�� �J' ���� �3 �"D� ���| g���� �� �(� �� eI�� M�� �� �1(3 ��

�1(3 �� . ���� �,� 7GH/ .�� ���� � -�D� g���� O� T�^3�� � U�� ��

a��I"#� �({�� �� . � ��&3 �P ��c �/ ��+� 7GH/ .�� �"D� g���� � ��c �/ T(� .�� u��3�� �#��� �({�� �� L!�&� ��

) �c��Q(9(3 L��N(� e'�� � ��/�J� ��(� �+J�� ��c �/ ��+�TPI ��+� . !��Q ��^"#� (TPI ."c�Q �{� �� �� ��

�\�95*5 � (l��+� MN� X)45*45 (l��+� ���� X) M��) !��Q ��&39(

�!��+� �� P� �� %��� f!�"�TPI .�� ��/�J� ��(� �+J�� 4/90- �3131 l��+� ����5*5 � 401- �3637 ����

l��+�45*45 � .L#�TPI �(� �+J�� ��c �/ ��+� a��I"#� �({�� �� �+J�� �� �� �(J��,P . � ��^"#� ��/�J� �

M��7 �! ZJD� g���� �P� %��� �^o 2!�G� ��P � ��P �w3 � E�! ���� �^3�� g���� �P� L#� � ��� %���

��c �/ � �� � �P . ��� �� �P �P���) � �P �� M�� LD9 g���� �P� %��� �^�� � � O� U�� S����H3 �� �+����

�� �+�� ��P M�� �� �� ������ �� �� �� �+J�� � ��I� � �8 L#� � ��� %���

)�( )�/�( P(�7: 1�DJTPI 1:��V� 0 � 1DV=�) Z)� g�'D� :(Y�,) .5*5) p 6� g�'D� :(a) �(45*45.(

567� 8'�3 CV/ ���43 ,9J �� K@ L�M> , �... 29

P(�8: 1:��V� 0 � 1DV=� IC�&=� 1�DJ

�� ��c �/ ��P ln� � 2! �P �� u(��� LX�D� M��9 �� �(� �� eI�� ���(,� g�� .L#� � ��� %���

) (�P ���'���) �P ����� �� �N�� ��P �� �� u(��� �+J�� �� ��c �/ .!�"���97/31 L�� �� u(��� LX�D� .!�",� � (

) �P01/0. ��� �� (

P(�9: IC�&=� ��� gq� 3, Z4 C� B+�.�

M�� �� �1(3 �� ��/�J� ��(� �+J�� 7GH/ .�� ��+� � ��c �/ ��+� .�� u��3�� L!�&� ��6 M�� �8 �� . � .���3

m�K�ArcGIS .�� .!�"��� �� � eI�� ��c �/ S��^"� ��P ln� �� 7GH/ .�� �!��+� .���3 �� �1(3 ��

� . ��� �� �P l��/� m' � �w3 ��`N ��P ��c �/ �� �P 7GH/ �P �# L�� � �P L�� �� 7GH/ .�� .!�",� ���/�X �

. "c� �� k�^3�

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

��� ���

� ��

�� �����

��� ���

��� �����

�����

����

���� ���

��� ���u

���

��� ���

���

�! ��� ��� "#$

�%&�

'��(� )*

���� ���

�+� �� �,�

�-

�.�

(%)

2�$3�(

30 ����� ������ �� ����� ���� ��� ���� 4 � ���1397

�C'Q 1^'*J

�(3 �!�\��1����� ��P �!)�c �`,1 � 7GH/ .�� M��N � ��(� �� .!� �� ��j . ��� �� %���� k�� �� .!�c) M��� ��

.�� ������ U!�I3 U1(� ! 9 .���3 .!������ . � ��(X �1��' �� �(#� �/(3 *!�Gc� G�� � ��3��� � ������ ��P

�+J�� �`"I� ��P *I� �� 7GH/ .�� %�G���!_ � "�� �({�� .!� ���� . ��� �� O&� 7GH/ T(N� �� ��8Q��[�3 ��P

���� ������ ������ � ��1 �MDQ � �`o�c ��Q ���� ����'��� � �`o�c �T�^3�� ��(N� E � �U�� %�G�� ������ L&1

.�� ��P ��#�#��� m�K� �� M+"D� ��H"� %�(�- ��GIS ����(w,P g!�� � dw# . � ��&3��+� k��J�� � ��P

. � ��&3 ��/�J� ��(� �+J�� 7GH/ .�� ��+� g���� ���/�X �� . ���� �� 7GH/ .�� �J' ���� �3 �"D� ���| g����

. ���� �,� 7GH/ .�� ���� � -�D� g���� O� T�^3�� � U�� �� �1(3 �� �N�� � � �P ��c �/ .�� u��3�� .��i,P g���

�� %��� 7GH/ .�� �"D� �� � ���/�X �� . ��� �� �P l��/� m' � �w3 ��`N ��P ��c �/ �� �P 7GH/ .�� .!�"���

. "c� �� k�^3� �P �# L�� � �P L�� �� 7GH/ .�� .!�",� ��P ��c �/ ��+� 2,� �� %�(3 �� k(c f!�"� �� �1(3 ��

�� .��i,P .�(,� ���� *�9 �� 7GH/ .�� T(N� E�,"X� ��/�J� ��(� �+J�� g���� .���3 � 7GH/ .�� ��+� .���3

.�(,� ��&���9 g���� .!� ���� �� �_ �"!�! � ��P���P�� %�(3 �� 7GH/ .�� �"D�

X��=�

• �(,K� �# ��o�� ����� ��,�X���� ��1�X1387 7�� � ��^"#� �� 7GH/ .�� �J' � �� ��&9 �AHP� *!�,P

2�3��(4587 .�(�� ������ ��+� %���# �%��&3 �

• �� &� ��(9 �/� r�c ���(0�� ���1�1393 ��^"#� �� ��j �(�Q � ���'��� � ��(X ��P 7GH/ .�� � �� ��&9 �

�`\� . ���"�� d9 �(' *�9 T(� � �!_ �j %��"w#�9 E � ���#(3 � ��c��H1. G�!�91393 - ��,�36 �K^o .- �

161 �3180.

• ��`X�� � ��G�`- ����&� ��!�"#��1390 7�� � ��^"#� �� (�|���) ��j �c(o ��(X �� 7GH/ .�� �J' � �� ��&9 �

��,� .�!��c��H1 ��pc ��P�Y9 �,`- ����`0c .%�Qn��)39 �K^o- �17 �336.

• � �,�{- �.DK� ���^�1 L�!�� ���� ,�4n� �����c �O�J1392 %�"#� �(�1 �� 7GH/ .�� 2D!� �,� ���!�� �

�(���| ��/� �.�i"�P �+J��) M����� .�`����� g+K� ������ �M����� �2���3(45 �# �&� �`� d���^�� .�/��

• � ��&� �%��,#�N ��#(� ���! ��-1394�� �`D`# M�`K3 7�� �� ��\�� �&� �� 7GH/ .�� �J' � �� ��&9 � ��3�

)AHP E�# ��G!� ������ � ��c��H1 ��P�Y9 �,`- �!��� .(19 ��,� �52 S�K^o �227-205.

• r�c ���� S���#� ��N�"#�n� �/��J-� �� ,X� .DX� ��!�^o �����&� 1383 ��#��� M��(- �[(� �� T(N� .�� 7GH/

�P � ��&9 � �� �J' .�� 7GH/ ��/�J�) :���(� (X G�I�) .!��� ���-.(.\3 # �`\� ����� ����� %��!� : ��&�

1383 , ��� , 57 ��,� ; 1 �K^o � 3 �K^o �3 . 22

• ���!�c �����1391��(X �� 7GH/ .�� L�#�DX ���!�� �7�� � ��^"#� �� �2�' �,�� ���"DP(� ��P ����) ��P

��j���) ��# ���P ��(X :���(� ��/�J�) P�� ��� E � �– ��!��c��H1 S�+�+K3 ����`0c �(%��!� ��| E�,�

eo ��(# ��,�21- 44.

• ����� �.! /� �# � �\� �g��� �h�! !) ����Y���1393 ��(X :���(� ��/�J� 7GH/ .�� S���D' � �J' � �� ��&9 �

.%�"D`Q %�"#� �S��! G�I�)62-51.

• � &� ,K� � �� .�DX ���� ��`�-�,#� �.! /�� o ��/("� �1388 � ��^"#� �� 7GH/ .�� T(N� L�#�DX .���3 �

�K^o .����� ���c��H1 ����`0c .(%�� ��� %�"#�) �� G!��) ��(X �� 2�"D\/ %(�#�Q�- 73 �384 .

• �l ��,�X� �� ����,! �� ��,�+�1392��&9 � ���!�� �.�� �J' � �� M�`K3 �!)�c � ��^"#� �� ������ �&� �� 7GH/

����*P�Y9 ��� ��,� ��,� �5(/(c�(�(!5 ��P4 ��&� �1392 eo �118-103.

567� 8'�3 CV/ ���43 ,9J �� K@ L�M> , �... 31

• Ayalew, l. and Yamagishi H., 2005. The application of GIS-based Logistic regression for landslide

susceptibility mapping in the Kakuda-Yaahiko Mountains, central Japan, Geomorphology 65, 15-31.

• Bennett, D.A., Wade, G.A. and Armstrong, M.P., 1999, Exploring the solution space of semi-structured geographical problems using genetic algorithms. Trans GIS 3(1):51–71

• Clerici, A., Perego, S., Tellini, C. and Vescovi P., 2002. A procedure for landslide susceptibility zonation by the conditional analysis method. Geomorphology 48, 349-364.

• Dai, F., Lee, C. and Ngai, Y.Y. 2002. Landslide risk assessment and management: An overview. Eng. Geol. 64, 65–87.

• Feick, R.D. and Hall, G.B., 1999. Consensus building in a multi-participant spatial decision support system. URISA J 11(2):17–23

• Gorsevski, P.V., Gessler, P. and Foltz, R.B., 2000, Spatial prediction of landslide hazard using logistic regession and GIS. 4th Int. Conference on Integrating GIS and Evironmental Modeling, Alberta, Canada. 9 pp.

• Gorsevski, P.V., Gessler, P.E., Boll J., Elliot W.J. and Foltz, R.B., 2006. Spatially and temporally distributed of landslide susceptibility, Geomorphology 80, 178- 198.

• Jankowski, P. and Nyerges, T., 2001a. Geographic information systems for group decision-making: towards a participatory geographic information science. Taylor & Francis, New York, p 273.

• Jankowski, P. and Nyerges, T., 2001b. GIS-supported collaborative decision-making: results of an experiment. Ann As Am Geogr 91(1):48–70

• Jankowski, P., Nyerges, T.L., Smith, A., Moore, T.J. and Horvath, E., 1997. Spatial group choice: a SDSS tool for collaborative spatial decision-making. Int J Geogr Inform Sci 11(6):577–602

• Kyem, P.A.K., 2004. On intractable conflicts participatory GIS applications: the search for consensus amidst competing claims and institutional demands. Ann As Am Geogr 94(1):37–57

• Malczewski, J., 1996. A GIS-based approach to multiple criteria group decision- making. Int J Geogr Inform Syst 10(8):955–971.

• McBratney, A.B. and Webster, R., 1986. Choosing functions for semi-variograms of soil perties and fitting them to sampling estimates: Jour. Soil Science, v. 37, no. 4, p. 617–639.

• McBratney, A.B. and Odeh, I.O.A., 1997. Application of fuzzy sets in soil science: fuzzy logic, fuzzy measurements and fuzzy decisions. Geoderma 77, 85e113.

• Nefeslioglu, H., Gokceoglu, C. and Sonmez, H. 2008. An assessment on the use of logistic regression and artificial neural networks with different sampling strategies for the preparation of landslide susceptibility maps. Eng. Geol. 97, 171–191.

• Nyerges, T.L., Montejano, R., Oshiro, C. and Dadswell, M., 1997. Group-based geographic information systems for transportation improvement site selection. Transp Res Part C Emerg Technol 5(6):349–369.

• Ohlamcher, G.C. and Davis, J.C., 2003. Using multiple logistic regression and GIS technology to predict landslide hazard in northeast Kansas USA. Engineering Geology 69, 331-343.

• Saaty, T.L., 1980. The analytical hierarchy process, Planning Priority, Resource Allocation, TWS Pub., USA.

• Van Westen, C.J. and Terlien, M.T.J., 1996. An approach towards deterministic landslide hazard analysis in GIS. A case study from Manizales (Colombia), Earth Surface and Processes and Landforms, Vol. 21, 853-868.

• Wan, S., 2009. A spatial Decision support system for Extracting the core Factors and Thesholds for Landslide susceptibility Map, Engineering Geology, vol. 108. pp. 237 – 251.

• Weiss, A. 2001. Topographic position and landforms analysis. In Poster presentation, ESRI user conference, San Diego, CA (Vol. 200).

• Yalcin, A., 2008. GIS – based landslide sussptibility mapping using analytical hierchay process and bivariate statistics in Ardesen (turkey): comparisons of results and confirmations. CATENA, vol. 72. pp 1-12.

• Zadeh, L.A., 1965. Fuzzy sets. Inf. Control 8, 338-353. • Zhang, W., Wang, W. and Xia, Q., 2012. Landslide Risk Zoning Based on contribution of rate stack

Method, Energy procedia, vol. 16. pp 178.

top related