1901. chinatown is amenace to - library of congress · slavery in chinatown. tone* alike to the...

SLAVERY IN CHINATOWN.

tone* alike to the anarchist and to the criminalsof Europe and to the filthy and brutal spawnof China. Tou cannot enter here. lApplause.)It is a well-known fact that the physical

characteristlC6 of the Chinaman prevent hisassimilation with our people. He must alwaysbe foreign to us, ever, if in our mid«. Xotonly the laborers, but those Chinamen skilledin torn* art or trade in their peculiar way in-ter'ere with the industries of our country. TheChinaman is content to live in narrow quar-ter*, unfit in an American's eye for the hab-itation of a horse or a dog. He is content and

a to work for the bare sustenance of

his brute-like life. All of these things enablework for a pittance compared with the

pay of the American laborer, who properlyto procure the comforts of a home and

to procure for hi6children an education.Isay, gentlemen of this convention, that w»

must prevent the degradation of the Americanworkingman. <Applause ) He Is the bulwark

sperity, and, to use an old and well-known saying, his dinner pall must not beemptied by allowing Chinamen to enter intocompetition -with him. rßenewed applause.)

In conclusion Isay none, no not one in theleast of degrees can b<> excueed from doing hisduty by the American people and by the peopleof this ooa»t on the plea of what unrestrictedChinese immigration means to this land or to

TAKINGtbe habits and cnntomi of the Chinese of San Fran-

cisco as typical of those exhibited by them when gjronped

in an American community, itcan be alleged -without dan-

ger of contradiction that the section of the city inhabited

by them has jrlven more concern to the authorities than all the

rest of the city combined. Violations of sanitary laws and inde-

cencies of many descriptions are no sooner suppressed or abated

than they are almost invariably repeated. The Chinese, exclusive

of the official and mercantile classes, appear to revel in dirt and

wallow in filth in preference to becoming: and remaining: clean,

even -when the cleanliness is provided and paid for by the land-

lord, the city or the State. In the Chinese quarters open leweri

have been found running: through underground living:apart-

ments. After these have been closed by the authorities they have

been repeatedly reopened by the persons living in the premises,

¦who seem to regard an open lewer as a convenience instead of a

nuisance.— Excerpt from Dr. Williamson's address to Chinese Ex-

clusion Convention.

SANITARY LAWS VIOLATED.

the greatest market In the world? Our wellpaid laboring classes and our prosperous fa™ers. But debase Amerloan labor to a Chinesestandard and the American farmer to a serf0^ the C~^ia. £

The farmer knows that his best and greatest

S^h *ißt,,thS me market 'anrSe Srknowsalso that

niS best customer and his beet friendis the well paid well housed, well clothed andwell fed American workingman. Thereforeworkingmen of California, let your voice beheard on this subject with no uncertain soundand I feel assured that the farmers of thisState.and nation will rally to your•standardand carry It, like our brave soldier boys inthe la,te_,SP^i'sh war did theirs, to completeand glorious victory. JTT. "-^TELLS OP UNSANITARY

STATE OF CHINATOWN

for the people of California to meet In conven-tion to declare their sentiments upon the ques-

tion of the exclusion of Chinese coolie laborfrom our shores, because the sentiment in thisState, without regard to creed, class or po-litical affiliation, is almost unanimous upon

the subject, and that unanimity declares inno uncertain tones the desire for continued ex-clusion. Itis because of the misleading reportswhich have been sent abroad, however, in re-gard to the feeling upon the question In Cali-fornia that It is necessary that some form ofpublic expression should be given by the peo-ple of the State, and for that reason the call-ing of this convention is to be highly com-mended.

The desirability of white help as comparedto Chinese, both to the Individual and the State,is greatly in favor of the former in all re-spects. ItIs a fact not to be denied nor con-troverted that no other class of labor can existon the same amount and class of food andwith as little expenditure of money as theChinese. They have no family ties and do notand cannot and, for that matter, care not toaffiliate with our society or with our institu-tions. They come here not to stay but toaccumulate money to return home. They bringthe bulk of their food, which is rice, and theirwearing apparel with them. They eend thebulk of their earnings out of the country. Ibelieve that Iam understating rather thanoverstating the fact when Isay that 90 percent of the money paid to the Chinese laborerIs exported from the country.

PRESSMEN PASS SOMESTRONG RESOLUTIONS

authorities man an tne rest 01 me v;n> vum-

bined. Violations of sanitary laws and inde-cencies of many descriptions are no soonersuppressed or abated than they are almost in-variably repeated. The Chinese, exclusive ofthe ofheial and mercantile classes, appear to

revel in dirt and wallow In filth in prefer-

ence to becoming and remaining clean, evenwhen the cleanliness is provided and paidfor by the landlord, the city or the State.

During the past five years the holders ofreal estate In San Francisco's Chinatown havebeen compelled to spend many thousands? ofdollars for sanitary plumbing to replace thatof antique anil inefficient character which hasbeen condemned to the health officials. Itis an acknowledged fact that unless a strictdaily watch is maintained some of the oc-cupants of the premises wheie improvedplumbing has been placed willfexhibit theirdisapproval of such innovation by willfully

breaking and damaging the same.Property owners In Chinatown, who would

otherwise be perfectly willingto follow the di-lections of the Board of Health, have oftencomplained against being forced to put forthlarge expenditures for modern plumbing,claiming that as soon as it is installed it willbe ruined beyond repair.

In the Chinese quarter of San Francisco openrewers have been found running throughunderground living apartments. After thesehave been closed by the authorities they havebeen repeatedly reopened by the persons livingin the premises, who seem to regard an opensewer as a convenience instead of a nuisance.In the subterranean strata there are placeswhere tunnels have been dug leading from in-habited basements beneath the street as faras the main sewer, which has been opened intrder to afford ready access, for what par-ticular purpose the Chinese alone can say.On one tour of inspection tiers of bunks occu-pied by sleeping Chinese were found In atunnel Just on the verge of an open sewer.

The utter contempt for the simplest princi-ples of sanitation has resulted in the deliberatebreaking or obstructing of drain pipes whichunless discovered by inspectors have beenpermitted fo discharge their output into cel-lars and other excavations, where it saturatesthe soil and continually gives forth offensiveexhalations.

Opium smoking, once a purely Oriental vice,has received so much attention In the pastthat little reference Is necessary, except It beto point with disgust and chagrin to the read-iness with which the habit has been adoptedby a considerable number of whites who afterreaching their appropriate level of degradationfind In the crowded and unhealthy purlieus ofChinatown a haven of uncleanliness admirablyadapted to their debased instincts.

Police vigilance has minimized to a greatextent the prostitution in the quarter whichserved as a notorious distributing center forvenereal diseases and It Is not long since thedistrict was cleared of many white girls whoplied this calling among the Chinese exclu-sively.

As a result of poorly ventilated and over-crowded apartments, the utter disregard ofordinary principles of cleanliness and the uni-versal infatuation for dirt, disease Is active.In the fiscal year ending June 30. 1899, 548

deaths occurred among the Chinese. Estimat-ing the population at 13,000. this number givesa death rate of 30.44 per thousand; the city'sdeath rate was 19.72 per thousand. In thefollowing year 562 deaths were credited to theChinese, or 31.22 per thousand; the city's deathrate was 18.81 per thousand. During the lastfiscal year 418 deaths were reported, or 23.22per thousand, while the city's rate was 19.48per thousand. These figures show the deathrate among these people to be vastly In ex-cess of the general death rate in the city ofSan Francisco. The diminution during the lastfiscal year Is due without question to the factthat many sick Chinese left the city duringthe quarantine excitement and their deafhetook place at different points of the Interior.

AXDEN ANDERSON GIVESHIS VIEWS ON SUBJECT

Senator BullaSpeaks for

South.

our means of livelihood and (as In every otheroccupation entered by the Chinese) assisting inthe general lowering of the standard of livingof the American workers. Tne committee findsthese conditions largely due to the instructionin the printing trade given by the Christianmissionaries to their Chinese converts, andthe apparent laxness In the enforcing of thenow existing laws against Chinese emigration.In view of these facts, and the deplorable

moral and material results to be seen from thepresence of Chinese in our midst, be itResolved. By the Printing Pressmen's Union

No. 34 of San Francisco, as a measure of pro-tection for its members in their occupation,and in the interest of all organized workers,that we demand tho enactment of a law posi-tive in its restrictions against Chinese and allAsiatics; that the exclusion law known as theGeary act be rigidly enforced until its expira-tion; that In furtherance of our desires wepledge our moral, financial and politicalsupportto such candidates and political parties as sig-nify their desires to stop the further inroads ofthe Chinese upon American soli, and In this weask the support of all who wish to defend theInterests of the American producers: that wewill oppose by every means at our commandany candidate for public office, any politicalparty and all legislative or executive actionfavorable to the continuance of the ChineseInvasion, an emigration ruinous to the moralsof the people, detrimental to American pro-ducers and dangerous to the lives and happi-ness of tee American workers.a. B. BENHAM.

GEORGE MOLOXEY,JOSEPH ROWAN,

Delegates Printing Pressmen's Union No. 24 toAnti-Chinese Convention.

November 21, 1901,J. C. Millan spoke in behalf of the

Cigar-makers' Union.Senator John F. Davis of Amador pre-

sented the report of the committee onmemorials and resolutions. It was re-ceived with cheers. He then moved thatthe memorial and the resolutions besigned by the officers of the convention,be forwarded to the President, membersof the Cabinet, members of Congress andCalifornia's Representatives in Congress.In seconding the motion VT. Macarthurspoke as follows:A statement was made In the convention by

One of the speakers yesterday that we wantedthe people of Europe to come to this countryIt is the position of the organized labor move-ment of the United States that there are peo-ple enough from Europe here now. In thatview it must be distinctly understood that weare not In the business of excluding Chinamento make room for the pauper labor of Souther-Europe cr other sections of the world.. In re-gard to the commercial interests, which hasbeen urged as an argument against exclusion,the position of organized labor is that we arewilling to lose every dollar of our trade withChina to preserve our citizenship and the Idealsof American life. Ifto preserve that trade wehave to endanger tha welfare or a single

G. M. Benham Presents Them to theMembers of the Exclusion

Convention.G. B. Benham, representing the Print-

ing Pressmen's Association, delivered astirring speech and read the following

resolutions which were adopted by thoPrinting Pressmen's Union No. 24:

Whereas, The constant and menacing Influxof Chinese into the United States Is essentiallydetrimental to the Interests of the entire work-ing class, and especially to the organized work-ers of the Pacific Coast.

Every trade and occupation Is Indirectly inter-fered with by the Chinese, and many trades(notably the shoe workers and the cigarmakers)have been irretrievably injured by Chinese com-petition; and

Whereas, After Investigation by a committeefrom the Printing Pressmen's Union No. 24 ofSan Francisco seven Chinese printing officesare found In San Francisco, and others areknown to exist In other coast cities. Theseoffices are all doing English printing, are exe-cuting all label printing and cigar-box print-Ing for the Chinese cigar trade and for somewhite manufacturers, and are also doing litho-graphing, lowering the price of all, and arerapidly making inroads in other specialties inthe printing trade, thus directly endangering

Says He Is Unalterably Opposed toChinese Immigration Into This

Country.AHen Anderson. ex-Speaker of the As-

sembly, was unable to be present owingto important business, ?.nd the secretaryread his views. In part he said:It seemt superfluous and entirely unnecessary

its neighbors. That le well known from pastexperience. As Americans we owe it not alone

to the future but to our own time, with Its

mighty spirit of progress, Its wonderfulprogress which is due to our free laborers, tosee that the Chinese exclusion law Is re-enact-ed. (Applause.)

J. S. TAYX.OB SPEAKSFOB, AMERICAN FARMERS

He Says They Are in Sympathy Withthe Laboring Classes in Their

Battle.J. S. Taylor of Napa, past lecturer of

the State Grange, followed with an address in behalf of the larmers of Califor-nia. He said:

Mr. Chairman and Members of the ChineseExclusion Convention—lhave been requestedto addreES you as a representative of the farm-ing Interests of this State as to what effectthe free and unlimited immigration of Chinesewould have on our fanners and have chosenfor my subject "The Chinese Coolie and theAmerican Farmer."

Gentlemen, where in the world will you find agreater contrast than that between these slavesof theOrient and the free and independent farm-ers of America? The coolie is. to all intents andpurposes, a slave. He Is owned, both body andsoul, by that powerful corporation, the greattrust of China, known here as the Chinese SixCompanies. His fare is paid to this country and,if he has any difficulty in getting in, this pow-erful combination has the means to employthe brightest legal talent that we have, whichwill, sometimes. Iam sorry to say. prostituteit*ability in trying to defeat the purposes ofour laws for the filthy lucre of the "heathenChinee.

"Ifhe gets ashore his expenses are

paid until he finds work; he may be sent intothe country and hire out as a farm hand or asorchard help. Then he slaves for years in or-der to re-pay his masters, and, if he should diehere, to have his precious bones sent backto the Flowery Kingdom. John is very imita-tive and s'X>n learns to run a farm or an or-chard 'allee samee Melican man." When hehas repaid his masters their due and shownhis ability to run a term or an orchard success-fully he iti backed by his powerful trust andput "in a position to compete with the free-bornand independent American farmer. And whatcompetition. Oh, my countrymen; free-bornAmerican citizens of this grand and gloruusrepublic, think twice before you let down thebars of reetriction against this, to us, mostalien of all human races.

Pome of our mirgulded statesmen and avari-cious manufacturers would barter the well-being of our laboring and farming classes foran extension of our trade with the ChineseEmpire; they dr> not act upon the principle of"the greatest good to the greatest number,"but their motto is "the greatest good to th^least number." For this paltry foreign tradethey would destroy the- greatest market in theworld, cur own home market. What makes this

Dr. Williamson of the Board ofHealth Reads an Interesting

Paper to Delegates.Supervisor Charles Wesley Reed sug-

gested that the Rev. Peter C. Yorke beinvited to address the convention. Thesuggestion was greeted with applause andMr. Reed was appointed a committee tobring the clergyman to the conventionDr. Williamson, of the San FranciscoBoard of Health then read the followingpaper:

Inpresenting views upon the subject assignedby the committee of arrangements, the writerfeels it incumbent upon himself as a represen-tative of the municipal government, to limithis remarks as closely as possible to the in-fluences exerted by the Chinese upon the gen-eral health of this community. At the saxnotime an attempt willbe made to show in whatprincipal respects the race in question is anundesirable element, especially when colonizedin cities and towns. Industrial or social con-ditions willnot be considered, as these feat-ures can be more thoroughly dealt with bythose whose study and research of the prob-lems involved have qualified them to discussthe subject with both intelligence and under-standing.

What may be said concerning the Chinese ofSan Francisco willapply with almost anequivalent amount of force to any communityupon the Pacific Coast in which people of theChinese race may be found, and it can be ac-cepted by those interested as one of the con-tributing factors to the many reasons whichjustify and even demand the re-enactment ofthe exclusion act.

Taking the habits and customs of the Chintseof San Francisco as typical of those exhibitedby them when grouped in any American com-munity, it can be alleged without danger ufcontradiction that the section of the city in-habited by them has given more concern to the

THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 23, 1901.

CHINATOWN IS AMENACE TO HEALTHMEMORIAL OF THE EXCLUSION CONVENTION

ADDRESSED TO THE PRESIDENT AND CONGRESSwould supersede, namely, the free and independent workingmen

of America. The political power invested in men by this Govern-ment shows the absolute necessity of keeping up the standard ofpopulation and not permitting it to deteriorate by contact withinferior and non-assimilative races.

Question Involves Our Civilization.But this is not alone a race, labor and political question. Ii

is one which involves our civilization, and that interests the peo-

ple of the world. The benefactors, scholars, soldiers and states-

men—

the patriots and martyrs of mankind—

have builded our

modern fabric firmly upon the foundation of religion, law, scienceand art. It has been rescued from barbarism and protected

against the incursions of barbarians. Civilization in Europe hasbeen frequently attacked and imperiled by the barbaric hordes of

Asia. If the little band of Greeks at Marathon had not beaten

back ten times their number of Asiatic invaders it is impossible to

estimate the loss to civilization that would have ensued. When

we contemplate what modern civilization owes to the two cen-

turies of Athenian life, from which we first learned our lessons ofcivil and intellectual freedom, we can see how necessary it wasto keep the Asiatic from breaking into Europe. Attila and his

Asiatic hordes threatened Central Europe when the Gauls made

their successful stand against them. The wave of Asiatic bar-

barism rolled back and civilization was again saved. The repulse

of the Turks, who are •of the Mongolian race, before Viennafinally made our civilization strong enough to take care of itself,

and the danger of extinction by a military invasion from Asia

passed away. But a peaceful invasion is more dangerous than awarlike attack. We oan meet and defend ourselves against anopen foe, but an insidious foe ander our generous laws would be

in possession of the citadel before we are aware. The free immi-gration of Chinese would be for all purposes an invasion by

Asiatic barbarians, against whom civilization in Europe has beenfrequently defended fortunately for us. It is our inheritance tokeep it pure and uncontaminated. as it is our purpose and destiny

to broaden and enlarge it. We are trustees for mankind.In an age when the brotherhood of man has become more

fullyrecognized we are not prepared to overlook the welfare of theChinaman, himself. We need have nothing on our national con-

science because the Chinaman has a great industrial desttny in

his own country. Few realize that China is yet a sparsely popu-

lated country- Let their merchants, travelers and students thencome here as before to carry back to China the benefits of ourimprovements and experiments. Let American ideas of progressand enterprise be planted on Chinese soil. Our commerce withChina since ISBO has increased more than 50 per cent. Our consu-lar service reports that "the United States is second only to Great

Britain in goods sold to the Chinese. The United States buys

more goods from China than does any other nation, and her total

trade with China, exports and imports, equals that of GreatBritain, not including the colonies, and is far ahead of that oiany other country."

Commerce is not sentimental and has not been affected by ourpolicy of exclusion. The Chinese Government, knowing the neces-

sities of the situation, being familiar with the fact that almostevery country has imposed restrictions upon the immigration ofChinese coolies, does not regard our attitude as an unfriendly act.Indeed, our legislation has been confirmed by treaty. Nor are theChinese unappreciative of the friendship of the United States re-cently displayed in saving possibly the empire itself from dis-

memberment. So, therefore, America is at no disadvantage in itscommercial dealings with China on account of the domestic policy

of Chinese exclusion.Therefore every consideration of public duty, the nation's

safety and the people's rights, the preservation of our civilizationand the perpetuity of our institutions impel your memorialists to

ask for the re-enactment of the exclusion laws which have fortwenty years protected us against the gravest dangers, and which,were they relaxed, would imperil every interest which the Ameri-can people hold sacred for themselves and their posterity.

never be fulfilled between the Individuals of races so alien to oneanother as ourselves and the Chinese.

The Chinese are only capable of working under the present

unsatisfactory system. Allprogress then to an improved organ-

ization of capital and labor would be arrested. We might havegreater growth, but never greater development. It was estimatedby the Commissioner of Labor that there were a million idle menin the United States in 1886. Certainly the 76,000 Chinese in Cali-fornia at that time stood for 76,000 white men waiting for employ-ment, and the further influx of Chinese in any considerable num-bers would precipitate the same condition again, if not indeedmake it chronic. Ifthe United States increases in population at

the rate of 12 per cent per decade it will have nearly 230,000,000

people in 100 years. Our inventive genius and the constant im-provements being made in machinery will greatly increase ourper capita productive capacity. Ifit be our only aim to increaseour wealth so as to hold our own in the markets of the world arewe not, without the aid of Chinese coolies, capable of doing it andat the same time preserve the character of our population and

insure the perpetuity of our institution? Itis not wealth at any

cost that sound public policy requires, but that the country bedeveloped with equal pace and with a desirable population whichstands not only for industry but for citizenship.

Chinese Crowding Out Americans.In their appeal to the cupidity of farmers and orchardists tha

proponents of Chinese immigration have stated that the Chinese

are only common laborers, and by this kind of argument they

have attempted to disarm the skilled labor organizations of thecountry; but we have shown you that the Chinese are skilled andare capable of becoming skilled. As agriculturists they havecrowded out the native population and driven the country boy

from the farm to the city, where he meets their skilled competition

in many branches of industry. But shall husbandry be abandonedto a servile class? Shall the boys and girls of the fields and of theorchards be deprived of their legitimate work in the harvest .'

Shall not our farmers be encouraged to look to their own house-holds and to their own neighbors for labor? Shall the easy meth-ods of contract employment be encouraged? We are warned byhistory that the free population of Rome was driven by slavelabor from the country into the city, where it became a moband a rabble, ultimately compassing the downfall of the republic.

The small farms were destroyed, and under an overseer large

farms were cultivated, which led Pliny to remark that "great

estates ruined Italy."

The experience of the South with slave labor warns usagainst unlimited Chinese immigration, considered both as a racequestion and as an economic problem. The Chinese, if permitted

to freely enter this country, would create race antagonisms whichwould ultimately result in great public disturbance. The Cau-casian will not tolerate the Mongolian. As ultimately all gov-

ernment is based on physical force, the white population of thiscountry willnot without resistance suffer itself to be destroyed.Economically it was thought wise at one time to employ negro

slaves, but the accumulated wealth of the South was wiped out byan appalling expenditure of blood and money, precipitating condi-tions which bore with terrible force upon a people which were onceconsidered great and prosperous. The cornerstone of their struc-ture was slavery, and the cornerstone of any structure based upon

the employment of Chinese coolies is servile labor. Itis repugnant

to our form of society and to our ideas of government to segre-

gate a labor class and regard it only as its capacity for work. Ifwe were to return to the ante-bellum ideas of the South, now hap-

pily discarded, the Chinese would satisfy every requirement of aslave or servile class. They work incessantly, they are docileand they would not be concerned about their political conditions,

but such suggestions are repulsive to American civilization.

America has dignified work and made it honorable. Manhoodgives title to rights, and the Government being ruled by majori-

ties is largely controlled by the very class which servile labor

steadfastly, after all these years, a permanently foreign element.The purpose, no doubt, for enacting the exclusion laws for periodsof ten years is due to the intention of Congress of observing theprogress of these people under American institutions, and now

it has been clearly demonstrated that they cannot, for thedeep and ineradicable reasons of race and mental organization,

assimilate with our own people and be molded as are other racesinto strong and composite American stock.

We respectfully represent that their presence excludes a de-sirab!e population and that there is no necessity whatever for

their immigration. The immigration laws of this country nowexclude pauper and contract labor from every land. All Chineseimmigration of the coolie class is both pauper and contract labor.It is not a voluntary immigration. The Chinese Six Companies

of California deal in Chinese labor as a commodity. Prior to theexclusion they freely imported coolies, provided for them, farmedout their services and returned them, and if they should die theirbones, pursuant to a superstitious belief, to their native land.

America is the asylum for the oppressed and liberty-lovingpeople of the world, and the implied condition of their admissionto this country is allegiance to its Government and devotion to itsinstitutions. Itis hardly necessary to say that the Chinese arenot even bona fide settlers, as the Imperial Chinese Consul Gen-eral admits.

We respectfully represent that American labor should not beexposed to the destructive competition of aliens who do not, willnot and cannot take up the burdens of American citizenship,

whose presence is an economic blight and a patriotic danger. Ithas been urged that the Chinese are unskilled and that they create

wealth in fiel.l, mine and forest, which ultimately redounds to the

benefit of the white skilled workingman. The Chinese are skilledand are capable of almost any skilled employment. They have

invaded the cigar, shoe, broom, chemical, clothing, fruit canning,

matchmaking and woollen manufacturing industries, and havedisplaced more than 4000 white men in these several employmentsin the city of San Francisco. As common laborers they havethroughout California displaced tens of thousands of men. Butthis country is not solely concerned even in a coldly economicsense with the production of wealth.

Grave Danger of Overproduction.

The United States has now a greater per capita of working

energy than any other land. Ifit is stimulated by a non-assim-

ilative and non-consuming race there is grave danger of overpro-

duction and stagnation. The home market should grow with thepopulation. But the Chinese, living on the most meager food,

having no families to support, inured to deprivation, and hoard-

ing their wages for use in their native land, whither they in%rari-ably return, cannot in any sense be regarded as consumers. Theirearnings do not circulate nor are they reinvested

—contrary to

those economic laws which make for the prosperity of nations.

For their services they may be said to be paid twice—

first by theiremployer and then by the community. Ifwe must have protec-

tion, is it not far better for us to protect ourselves against the

man than against his trade? Our opponents maintain that the

admission of the Chinese would cause an enlargement of out-

national wealth and a great increase of production, but the dis-tribution of wealth and not its production is to-day our most

serious public question. In this age of science and invention theproduction of wealth can well be left to take care of itself. It is

its equitable distribution that must now be the concern of thecountry.

The increasing recurrence of strikes in modern times must

have convinced every one that their recent settlement is nothing

more than a truce. Itis not a permanent industrial peace. Thenew organization of capital and labor that is now necessary tobring about lasting peace and harmony between those engaged inproduction will require greater sympathy, greater trust and con-

fidence and a clearer mutual understanding between the employ-ers and the employed. Any such new organization will require acloser union to be formed between them. These requirements can

TOThe President and the Congress of the United

States: Pursuant to a call officially issued by thecity of San Francisco, there assembled in that city

the 21st day of November, 1901, for the purposeof expressing the sentiment? of the State of Cali-fornia, a convention composed of representativesI f County Supervisor?. City Councils, trade, com-mercial and civic organizations to the number of

three thousand, and without dissent it was resolved to memorial-ize the President and the Congress of the United States as fol-lows:

after the negotiation of the Burlingrame treaty in 1868large numbers of Chinese coolies were brought to this country

unUer contract Their numbers so increased that in 1878 the peo-ple of the State made a practically unanimous demand for thelestrktion of the immigration. Our white population suffered inevery department of labor and trade, having in numerous in-stances been driven out of employment by the competition of the•'hinese. The progress of the State was arrested because so long

he field was occupied by Chinese a new and desirable immi-gration was impossible. After a bitter struggle remedial legisla-

tion was passed in ISS2 and was renewed in 1892, torun for a period of te:: years. Your memorialists, in view ofthe fact thai the present so-called Geary law expires by limita-tion or. May 5 next, and learning that you have been petitionedagainst its re-er.actment. believe that it is necessary for them to

repeat and to reaffirm the reasons which, in their judgment, re-quire the re-enactment and the continued enforcement of the law.

The effects of Chinese exclusion have been most advantageousto the State. The 75.000 Chinese resident of California in ISc-Ohave been reduced, according- to the last census, to 45,600; andwhereas, ihe white settlement of California by Caucasians hadbeen arrested prior to the adoption of these laws, a healthy

growth of the State in population has marked the progress of re-cent years. Every material interest 'of the State has advancedand prosperity has been our portion. Were the restriction lawsrelaxed we are convinced that our working population would bedisplaced, and the noble structure of our State, the creation ofAmerican ideas and industry would be imperiled ifnot destroyed.The lapse of time has only confirmed your memorialists in theirconviction, from their knowledge derived from actually coming incontact with the Chinese, that they are a non-assimilative raceand by every standard of American thought undesirable as citi-zens. Although they have been frequently employed and treatedwith decent consideration ever since the enactment of the exclu-sion law in ISS2. which was the culmination and satisfaction ofCalifornia's patriotic purpose, they have not in any sense alteredtheir racial characteristics and have not socially or otherwise as-similated with our people. To quote the Imperial Chinese ConsulGeneral in San Francisco: "They work more cheaply thanwhites; they live more cheaply; they send their money out of thecountry to China; most of them have no intention of remainingin the United States, and they do not adopt American manners,but live in colonies and not after the American fashion."

Physical Assimilation Impossible.Until this year no statute had been passed by the State for-

bidding their intermarriage with the whites, and yet during theirJong residence but few intermarriages have taken place and theoffspring; has been invariably degenerate. It is well establishedthat the issue of the Caucasian and the Mongolian does not pos-sess the virtue of either, but develops the vices of both. So phys-ical assimilation is out of the question.

Itis well known that the vast majority of Chinese do notbring their wives with them in their immigration because of theirvurpose to return to their native land when a competency isearned. Their practical status among us has been that of singlemen competing at low wages against not only men of our ownrace, but men -who have been brought up by our civilization tofamily life and civic duty. They pay little taxes, they support noinstitutions— neither school, church nor theater; they remain

Pev. P- C. YorkeDelivers an

Address.

Labor Is StronglyOpposed to

Chinese.

Continued From Page Two.

Continued on Page Eight.

American citizen we are willing to sacrificeevery dollar of it. We take this ground: Thatif the United States can't trade with China itcan trade with California; that if Californiacan't sell her products to Chinamen she cansell them to Californians. There are plenty ofpeople within the domain of the I'nltsdto take our products, if they can only get thwwherewithal to buy them.

Senator Davis then introduced the fol-lowing resolutions, which were adopted:

"Whereas, We recognize in the character andrapidly increasins numbers of Japanese andother Asiatic immigrants a menace to the in-dustrial Interests of our people; and whereas,we believe that the time has arrived whencognizance should be taken of this condition,therefore be it

Resolved. By the California Chinese Exclu-sion Convention that the question of Japan-ese and other Asiatic immigration be referredto the executive committee of this convention.with instructions to devise and pursue *uohsteps as may be necessary and advisable to

THEnewspaper, of 4hls cfty have paid a srreat deal of at-

tention to the question of slavery, and the pnpllchave cometo know- through the efforts of the press that here tn this

free land, in the city of San Francisco, nnder the very

shadow of the flagr that is the hope, the Inspiration and the glory

of all who love liberty and rejoice in freedom, human chattelsare bought and sold, bartered and exchanged yes, in the very

market place. And there is no Federal law on the statute booksto reach and remedy this evil, and so the new Chinese exclusionlaw mnst be framed to wipe out the last vestige of slavery onAmerican soil.

To learn this may astonish many, bnt ItIs a fact neverthe-less. At present there is no law relating to the question ofslavery, unless it relates to negroes, mnlattocs or foreigners;

therefore with reference to Chinese slave girls who claim to have

been born in the United States there is no penal statute by which

their owners can be prosecuted—

Excerpt from speech by Duncan

E. McKinlay at the Chinese Exclusion Convention.

3

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I\^Z^J Fantastic¦ (| "^wOfVfO stories have¦ l\\\ te*n written of11 I I\V ma?*c mifrors inI1 \ wblck c faturc/I \ was revealed. If*

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such a thing werepossible many a bright

-faced bride

would shrink from the revelation of her-self, stripped of all her loveliness. Ifthere is one thing which would make awoman shrink from marriage itis to seethe rapid physical deterioration whichcomes to so many wives. The cause isgenerally due to womanly diseases.

Lost health and lost comeliness arerestored by the use of Dr. Pierce' 3 Fa-vorite Prescription. Itcures irregular-ity and dries, weakening drains. Itheals -inflammation and ulceration, andcures female weakness.•nilwith the greatest pleasure that Itell

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Free. Dr. Pierces Common Sense „ <

Medical Adviser, paper covets, is"sentfree on receipt of 21 one-cent stampsto pay expense of mailing only. Orfor cloth-bound volume send 31 stamps.Address Dr. R. V. Pierce, BuSalo, N. Y.

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