18. tectonics central java
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18. Indentation Tectonics and Stratigraphy of Central Java
by : Awang Harun Satyana
Petroleum Geology of Java Area :Re-Visit Prolific Areas and Disclose Under-Explored Areas
Bandung, 15 – 17 June 2009
northern indentation
southern indentation
• What kind of indentation : morphologic? tectonic?• How and when did it originate ?• What implications to geology and petroleum ?
EAST JAVAEAST JAVAEAST JAVACENTRAL JAVACENTRAL JAVACENTRAL JAVA
WEST JAVAWEST JAVAWEST JAVA
Untung and Wiriosudarmo (1975)
Bouguer Anomaly Map of Java GRDC (2000)
West Indonesia Crustal TerrainsKoesoemadinata (2004)
Situmorang et al. (1976)
Wrenching System of Java Based on Moody and Hill (1956)’s Concept
Fold trends of Javaafter Situmorang et al. (1976)
Major wrench trends of Java
Structural Trends of Java and Madura
Rembang-Madura-Kangean fold and thrust belt
Masalembo Depression
Kebumen - MuriaFault
Pamanukan - Cilacap Fault
Sunda - Arjunanormal faults
North Seribu Fault
fold and faults
200 KMS
synt
hetic
strik
e-sl
ip fa
ult
reversethrust or
norm
al fa
ults
f o l d s
faults
antithetic strike -slip faults
master fault (
PDZ)
E
master fault
antithetic dextralen echelon folds and faults
extension fractures
wrench
with
stro
ng dip-slip co
mponent
N
Structural Analysis of Java Using Strain Ellipsoid Kinematics
C
E
C
C
E
Satyana ( 2002; 2005; 2006; 2007)
200 KMS
Southern Mountains of West Java
Luk Ulo
Eastern Deep
Western Deep
Karangbolong High
Bumiayu-Luk Ulo High
Southern Mountains of East Java
Rembang-Madura-Kangean fold and thrust belt
North Madura platform
Masalembo Depression
Kebumen - MuriaFault
Pamanukan - Cilacap Fault
Brebes flexureSemarang flexureTegal diapirs (?)
155
000
80
80
100
110
triangle zone of tectonic locked area with maximum
uplift of 2000 meters
isostatic crustalsubsidence
Sunda - Arjunaextension fractures
North Seribu Fault
to Lematang Fault (?)
to Mera
tus Fault
Kebumen Low
fold and faults
80 Bouguer anomaly (mgal)
N
Geologic Implications of Central Java Wrench Segmentation
Structural indentation of northern and southern coastlines of Central JavaSubsidence of the basement of northern Central JavaUplift of the basement southward until the median high of offshore South Central Java Basins
Structural indentation of northern and southern coastlines of Central JavaSubsidence of the basement of northern Central JavaUplift of the basement southward until the median high of offshore South Central Java Basins
Exposure of the basement rocks in Luk Ulo areaSubsidence of the area to the south of the Bumiayu-Luk Ulo HighDisappearance of the Southern Mountains of South Central Java due to subsidenceNorthward shifting of the Quaternary volcanic lineament in Central Java area
Exposure of the basement rocks in Luk Ulo areaSubsidence of the area to the south of the Bumiayu-Luk Ulo HighDisappearance of the Southern Mountains of South Central Java due to subsidenceNorthward shifting of the Quaternary volcanic lineament in Central Java area
INDENTATION
Satyana ( 2002; 2005; 2006; 2007)
200 KMS
Southern Mountains of West Java Luk Ulo
Eastern Deep
Western Deep
Karangbolong High
Bumiayu-Luk Ulo High
Southern Mountains of East Java
R
Kebumen
- MuriaFau
lt
Pamanukan - Cilacap Fault
Brebes flexureSemarang flexureTegal diapirs (?)
155
000
80
80
100
110
triangle zone of tectonic locked area with maximum
uplift of 2000 meters
isostatic crustal subsidence
isostatic crustal subsidence
Kebumen Low
N
200 KM
Implications of Wrench Segmentation of Central Java
INDENTATION
INDENTATIONSatyana ( 2002; 2005; 2006; 2007)
1. Quaternary volcanoes2. Alluvial plains of northern Java3. Rembang Madura anticlinorium4. Bogor, North Serayu, and Kendeng anticlinorium5. Domes and ridges in the central depression zone6. Central depression zone of Java and Randublatung Zone
7. Southern Mountains
LEGENDS OF THE PHYSIOGRAPHIC ZONES
Disappearance of Central Java Southern Mountains
van Bemmelen (1949)
BAJAH MTS
PHYSIOGRAPHIC SKETCHMAPOF
JAVA AND MADURA0 20 40 60 80 100 km
+ 45
DEPTH IN M
1
3
4
5
2
6
7
+ 2a4a+
SU -
KRAKATAU
SEBUKU
SEBESISANGIANG
RADJABASAMATRA
PRINSEN L
S U N D A S T R A I T
BANTA
M-BAY
3b+
3a+
+ 3b
1575
750
1730
2920
2730
MALINGPING
BAJAH
WUNNOOPS-BAY
TJILETUH BAY
BAY OF BATAVIA
BATAVIA
RANGKASBITUNG
B O G O R Z O N E
C O A S T A L P L A I N O F B A T A V I A
TJITARUM
BUTTENZORNOF BOGOR
SUKABUMITJIANJUR
PELABUHAN RATU
LEMBANG
BANDUNG
PURWAKARTA SUBANG
SABARANTEN
KOLEBERESS O U T H E R N M T S O F W E S T J A V A
PENGALENGAN
TASIKMALAJA
GARUT
KARANGNUNGGAL
INDRAMAJU
CHERIBON
B A N D U N G Z O N E
PARIGI B
AY
TEGAL
PRUPUK
BUMI AJU
NUSA KAMBANGANTJILATJAP
TJITANDUY
PEMALANG
PEKALONGAN
BANDJERNEGARA
S O U T H S E R A J U M T S
PURWOREDJOWEST
PROGOMTS
N O R T H S E R A Y U M T S
DUIZEND
ISL
+ 5a
+4b
+ 5b
5a+
5b +5c+ 7
++ 8
3770
3440
25122020
6000
3430
220 200
5000
4000
3000
3000
1000
20003000
710
3130
3000
1950 300
1790
3740
310
450
2750
850
10501835
1755
2710
WONOSOBO
KENDAL
AMBARAWA
TEMANGGUNG
MAGELANG
JOGJAKARTA
SURAKARTA(SOLO)
SALATIGA
WONOSARI
DJIWOPROG
O
SEMARANGDEMAK
KUDUS
DJUWONOREMBANG
PURWODADI
PATI
BLORA
TJEPU
DJODJOGAN
RANDUBLATUNG
NGAWISRAGENSIWO
MADIUN
WONOGIRI
BODJONEGORO
BATURETNO
PATJITAN
TULUNGAGUNG
R E M B A N G H I L L S
K E N D E N G R I D G E
S O U T H E R N M T S O F E A S T J A V A
TUBAN
NGIMBANG SURABAJAWONOKROMO
MODJOKERTOBANGIL
PASURUAN
BANGKALAN
POPOH
BLITARKEPANDJENG S E W U
DJOMBANG
KEDIRI
MALANG
PROBOLINGGO
PAMEKASAN
SUMENEP
TUREN LUMADJANG
PASURUAN
NUSA BARUNA
DJEMBER
BESUKI SITUBONDO
MERAWAN
PUSER
ROGODJAMBUBALI
M A D U R A - S T R A I T
M A D U R AR A N D U B L A T U N G Z O N E
N G A W I S U B Z O N ES O L O Z O N E
B L I T A R S U B Z O N E
MADIUN
BRAN
TAS
KARIMUNDJOWO - ISLANDS
PORONG
SAMPE
B A L I –S T R A I T
GROJAGAN
BAWEAN
+ 119
+10
+
+ 21
+ 13
14+
15+ 16
+
17+ + 18
+ 19 + 27
31 +
32 +
33 +
34 +
35 +
36 ++ 37
38 + 40
+
+ 45
44+
47+
48+
53+
51+
57+
58+
49+
50+ + 54
+ 52
60+
+ 62
+59
65+
66+
67+
5°
7°
9°
12°
7°
7°6°5°4°3°2°1°0°1°7°
5°
7°
5°
1° 0° 1° 2° 3° 4° 5° 6°
Meridian of Batavia =108°48’27”79 of Greenwich
J A V A S E A
O C E A NI N D I A N
Rand McNally & Co. map (2000)Northward Shifting of the Volcanoes in Central Java
SLAMET SUMBINGSUNDORO
PRAUKEMULAN
ROGOJEMBANGAN
UNGARAN
MERBABUMERAPI
DIENG PLATEAU
van Bemmelen (1949)
Absence of the Southern Mountains
Muria- Kebumen Sinistra
l FaultCilacap - Pamanukan Dextral Fault
present coastline
base level (sea surface)
maximum uplifted mass (2000 meters) by tectonic-locked area (Bouguer anomaly +
110 mgal) in triangle zone
Luk Ulo area
Semarang Flexure Brebes FlexureTegal diapirs (?)
northern structural indentation of Central Java
Java Sea transgressed
Subsided mass by isostaticcompensation (-5 mgal)
NorthNorth
SouthSouth
Schematic Block Diagram Showing Process of Uplift of Southern Central Java Due to Structural Indentation
Bumiayu area
Satyana (2002; 2005; 2006; 2007)
Lematang - Cilacap Megashear Kebumen - MeratusMeg
ashea
rCentral Sumatra
South Sumatra
Ogan-Lampung HighPendopo-Limau HighLematang Fault
Barisan Mts.
Sibolga
Bengkulu
Sumatra Fault System
Mentawai Fault System
SundaNW Java
Belitung
S. Central Java
Barito
NE Java
present subduction zone
oblique subductionzone
Triangle Zones : zone of tectonic-locked uplift area and zone of isostatic/ rebound
tectonic-released subsiding area
Triangle Zones : zone of tectonic-locked uplift area and zone of isostatic/ rebound
tectonic-released subsiding area
K a l i m a n t a n
J a v a
S u m a t r a
Meratu
s Mts.
Sumatra Trend dominatesSumatra Trend dominatesSumatra Trend dominates Meratus Trend dominatesMeratusMeratus Trend dominatesTrend dominates
Late Cretaceous subduction zone
oblique s
ubduction zo
ne
?
Tectonic position of Central Java in Western Indonesia
500 KMS
N
sedimentary basins
vector slip of subduction
N. Central Java
Satyana ( 2002; 2005; 2006; 2007)
low geothermal gradient (GG)
Low GG at southern Central Java
Anadarko Indonesia (2003)
TOE THRUSTNorth Serayu Basin, Central Java
Lower Kutei Basin, North Makassar Strait
van Bemmelen (1949)
low
er p
lioce
ne
uppe
r plio
cene
The play type analogue between North Serayuand Kutei-MakassarStrait
after Guritno et al. (2003)
Guritno et al. (2003)
Conclusions
1. Two major strike-slip faults, to be opposite in slips and trends, the Muria-Kebumen Fault (sinistral, trends SW-NE, Meratus Trend) and the Pamanukan-Cilacap Fault (dextral, trends NW-SE, Sumatran Trend), crossing Central Java, apart in northern area and meets in southern area; have caused significant geologic changes of Central Java.
2. The episode of crossing of the two faults took place in the Paleogene and effect of the uplift due to this faults convergence was completed in mid Early Miocene (20 Ma).
3. …
Conclusions
3. The convergence of the two faults have resulted in : • structural indentation of northern and southern
coastlines, • subsidence of the basement of northern Central Java, • uplift of the basement southward until the median high
of offshore South Central Java Basins, • exposure of the basement rocks in Luk Ulo area, • subsidence of the area to the south of Bumiayu-Luk Ulo
High, • disappearance of the Southern Mountains due to
subsidence• northward shifting of the Quaternary volcanic
lineament. 4. …
Conclusions
4. No significant fields have been discovered in Central Java Basins, compared to those in the West- and East Java Basins. The reasons for this may relate to : • limited development of sources and reservoirs in Central
Java basins,• very low gradient geothermal in southern Central Java,• abundant volcanic deposits,and• complex deformation.
5. However, oil and gas seepages are abundant both in northern and southern Central Java, indicating that the generation of petroleum has been taking place. Central Java is under-explored, its true potential is beyond our current knowledge. Therefore, the area is worth for future exploration campaign.
Lundin Banyumas (2003)
Sujanto and Sumantri (1977)
Comparative Stratigraphy of West-, Central-, and East Java Basins
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