1750 – 133 bce. i. geography multi-flow map geography of greece short mountain ranges cut up the...
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1750 – 133 1750 – 133 BCEBCE
I. Geography Multi-Flow Map I. Geography Multi-Flow Map
Geography of Greece
Short mountain ranges cut up the mainland
No important rivers
Long, irregular coastline
Little unity
Encouraged fishing and
trade
Phoenician alphabet spread
Separate city states
Surrounded by sea
II. Early GreeksII. Early Greeks
Developed on the island of CreteDeveloped on the island of Crete
Economy based on TRADEEconomy based on TRADE
Ruins of the Palace of King Minos at Knossos
Around this vase are hoplites (foot soldiers) on dolphins, showing the importance of seas
A. The MinoansA. The Minoans
the Palace of King Minos at Knossos
B. The MyceneansB. The Myceneans
Conquered Greece and Crete Conquered Greece and Crete
Dominated Aegean tradeDominated Aegean trade
(MY SUH NEE UNZ)(MY SUH NEE UNZ)
The mask of Agamemnon comes from a grave that dates from around 1600 BCE. Myceneans sometimes put gold masks over significant peoples’ faces.
1. The Trojan War (1250 BCE)1. The Trojan War (1250 BCE)
War over trade between Greeks and TroyWar over trade between Greeks and Troy
Legend: War over a girl! (Helen)Legend: War over a girl! (Helen)
– Trojan prince Paris kidnapped Helen, wife of a Trojan prince Paris kidnapped Helen, wife of a Greek king and most beautiful woman on Earth Greek king and most beautiful woman on Earth
– Greeks went to get her back and left the “Trojan Greeks went to get her back and left the “Trojan Horse” filled with hidden warriorsHorse” filled with hidden warriors
– Trojan brought it in and Greeks burned the city.Trojan brought it in and Greeks burned the city.
2. Homer2. Homer
He was a blind poetHe was a blind poet
He wrote He wrote The The IIliadliad
AND AND The OdysseyThe Odyssey
No! Not THAT Homer!
3. Changes in Warfare3. Changes in WarfareBronze weapons replaced by ironBronze weapons replaced by iron
Phalanx-Phalanx- a massive formation of heavily a massive formation of heavily armed foot soldiersarmed foot soldiers
Mrs. Agosta’s dad when he was 8 dressed in a traditional Greek uniform.
III. The PolisIII. The Polis
A city-state A city-state
AcropolisAcropolis- -
high part of thehigh part of the
city w/ temples city w/ temples
Athens
A. AthensA. AthensDemocracy- rule by the people
Limited democracyLimited democracy- only male landowners could vote- only male landowners could vote
Had a Had a LegislatureLegislature- lawmaking body- lawmaking body
Direct democracy-Direct democracy- citizens directly vote on issues citizens directly vote on issues
B. SpartaB. Sparta
Military stateMilitary state
MonarchyMonarchy: :
rule by king rule by king
Sparta
Boys Boys began military training at age 7began military training at age 7
GirlsGirls encouraged to exercise to produce encouraged to exercise to produce healthy sons healthy sons
Sick kids were abandonedSick kids were abandoned
C. Other City StatesC. Other City States
Corinth Corinth
DelphiDelphi
IV. Greek ReligionIV. Greek Religion
PolytheisticPolytheistic
Gods and goddesses lived on Mount OlympusGods and goddesses lived on Mount Olympus
Zeus was head of the godsZeus was head of the gods
490 BCE490 BCE
The Greeks beat The Greeks beat the Persians at the Persians at Marathon & sent a Marathon & sent a man back 26.2 man back 26.2 miles to Athens to miles to Athens to tell of the victory tell of the victory
Asia Minor
V. ConflictsV. Conflicts A. Persian WarsA. Persian Wars
Ten years later the Greeks unified to defeat Ten years later the Greeks unified to defeat Persians again. Persians again.
B. Peloponnesian WarB. Peloponnesian War431 BCE 431 BCE
Delian LeagueDelian League (Athens & its (Athens & its allies) vs. the allies) vs. the Peloponnesian Peloponnesian LeagueLeague (Sparta and its allies) (Sparta and its allies)
Persians helped Sparta Persians helped Sparta defeat Athens defeat Athens
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