16 - therapy. if you were a psychologist, what type of therapy would you prefer? why?

16 - Therapy

If you were a psychologist, what type of therapy would you prefer? Why?

What is your experience?

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon, 2009

A. I have been to a psychotherapist.

B. I have considered going to see a psychotherapist.

C. I have never been, nor have I considered going to a psychotherapist.

Have you , or someone you know, been to a psychotherapist (psychologist, psychiatrist etc.)?

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon, 2009

A. Yes

B. No

Class presentation video:Therapy

What topics do you need help with?

What topics do you need help with?

• A. Psychoanalysis• B. Client-centered therapy• C. Behavior therapy• D. Active listening• E. I understand

What topics do you need help with?

• A. Systematic desensitization• B. Aversive conditioning• C. A token economy• D. Cognitive therapy• E. I understand

What topics do you need help with?

• A. Family therapy• B. Regression to the mean• C. The placebo effect• D. Electroconvulsive therapy• E. I understand

While focusing on several intrusive thoughts that had been bothering her recently, Jenny was

instructed by her therapist to report any ideas or memories stimulated by these thoughts. Jenny’s

therapist was making use of a technique known as:

A. active listening.

B. free association.

C. systematic desensitization.

D. transference.

While focusing on several intrusive thoughts that had been bothering her recently, Jenny was

instructed by her therapist to report any ideas or memories stimulated by these thoughts. Jenny’s

therapist was making use of a technique known as:

A. active listening.

B. free association.

C. systematic desensitization.

D. transference.

Humanistic therapies differ from psychoanalytic therapies in all of

the following ways, EXCEPT:A. psychoanalytic therapists are more likely to

encourage the client to take immediate responsibility for feelings.

B. humanistic therapists are more oriented to the present and future, rather than the past.

C. psychoanalytic therapists are more likely to emphasize unconscious processes.

D. humanistic therapists are more growth-oriented.

Humanistic therapies differ from psychoanalytic therapies in all of

the following ways, EXCEPT:A. psychoanalytic therapists are more likely to

encourage the client to take immediate responsibility for feelings.

B. humanistic therapists are more oriented to the present and future, rather than the past.

C. psychoanalytic therapists are more likely to emphasize unconscious processes.

D. humanistic therapists are more growth-oriented.

McKenzie’s therapist believes that active listening is an extremely important

component of therapy. He is probably a:

A. psychoanalyst.

B. cognitive therapist.

C. behavior therapist.

D. client-centered therapist.

McKenzie’s therapist believes that active listening is an extremely important

component of therapy. He is probably a:

A. psychoanalyst.

B. cognitive therapist.

C. behavior therapist.

D. client-centered therapist.

Client-centered therapists emphasize the importance of:

A. exploring clients’ childhood relationships with other family members.

B. interpreting the meaning of clients’ nonverbal behaviors.

C. enabling clients to feel unconditionally accepted.

D. helping clients identify a hierarchy of anxiety-arousing experiences.

Client-centered therapists emphasize the importance of:

A. exploring clients’ childhood relationships with other family members.

B. interpreting the meaning of clients’ nonverbal behaviors.

C. enabling clients to feel unconditionally accepted.

D. helping clients identify a hierarchy of anxiety-arousing experiences.

A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of water by getting her to swim in the

family’s backyard pool three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist’s

approach to helping Rebecca best illustrates:

A. stress inoculation training.

B. aversive conditioning.

C. exposure therapy.

D. humanistic therapy.

A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of water by getting her to swim in the

family’s backyard pool three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist’s

approach to helping Rebecca best illustrates:

A. stress inoculation training.

B. aversive conditioning.

C. exposure therapy.

D. humanistic therapy.

A cognitive therapist would be most likely to say:

A. “That sounds quite frustrating. It isn’t easy to be in a situation like that.”

B. “Can you think of a more positive interpretation of what happened?”

C. “Just say whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or irrelevant it might seem.”

D. “Next time you start to feel anxious, you can use the relaxation techniques we’ve been working on.”

A cognitive therapist would be most likely to say:

A. “That sounds quite frustrating. It isn’t easy to be in a situation like that.”

B. “Can you think of a more positive interpretation of what happened?”

C. “Just say whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or irrelevant it might seem.”

D. “Next time you start to feel anxious, you can use the relaxation techniques we’ve been working on.”

For which of the following disorders is psychotherapy most likely to be

effective in the long run? A. generalized anxiety disorder

B. major depressive disorder

C. chronic schizophrenia

D. phobias

For which of the following disorders is psychotherapy most likely to be

effective in the long run? A. generalized anxiety disorder

B. major depressive disorder

C. chronic schizophrenia

D. phobias

Researchers have sought to answer the question, “Does psychotherapy work?”

Generally speaking, the answer seems to be:A. yes, people in therapy improve more than people in

control groups.B. yes, but people in therapy improve at the same rate as

people who are receiving placebo treatments. C. no, therapy does not provide any benefits; people who

just let time pass improve at the same rate as people in therapy.

D. no one really knows, because so far the only method used to answer this question has been interviewing former therapy clients.

Researchers have sought to answer the question, “Does psychotherapy work?”

Generally speaking, the answer seems to be:A. yes, people in therapy improve more than people in

control groups.B. yes, but people in therapy improve at the same rate as

people who are receiving placebo treatments. C. no, therapy does not provide any benefits; people who

just let time pass improve at the same rate as people in therapy.

D. no one really knows, because so far the only method used to answer this question has been interviewing former therapy clients.

The effectiveness of psychotherapy shows little if any connection to:

A. the level of training and experience of the therapist.

B. the length of time a client has experienced symptoms of disorder prior to therapy.

C. the particular disorder experienced by a client.

D. the extent to which the process depends on changing clients’ personalities.

The effectiveness of psychotherapy shows little if any connection to:

A. the level of training and experience of the therapist.

B. the length of time a client has experienced symptoms of disorder prior to therapy.

C. the particular disorder experienced by a client.

D. the extent to which the process depends on changing clients’ personalities.

The placebo effect best illustrates the importance of _______ in therapeutic

success.

A. active listening

B. psychopharmacology

C. behavior modification

D. cognitive processes

The placebo effect best illustrates the importance of _______ in therapeutic

success.

A. active listening

B. psychopharmacology

C. behavior modification

D. cognitive processes

If a therapist tells a client, “Rank order the things that frighten you from least to most,” the therapist is most likely

practicing:A. Freudian therapy.

B. systematic desensitization.

C. Gestalt therapy.

D. token economy.

If a therapist tells a client, “Rank order the things that frighten you from least to most,” the therapist is most likely

practicing:A. Freudian therapy.

B. systematic desensitization.

C. Gestalt therapy.

D. token economy.

Jon’s therapist laces his alcoholic drink with a drug that makes Jon sick. After

getting sick a few times, just the sight of the drink makes Jon nauseous. In this

example, the conditioned stimulus is the:A. drug.

B. alcohol.

C. nauseous response to the drug.

D. nauseous response to the sight of the drink.

Jon’s therapist laces his alcoholic drink with a drug that makes Jon sick. After

getting sick a few times, just the sight of the drink makes Jon nauseous. In this

example, the conditioned stimulus is the:A. drug.

B. alcohol.

C. nauseous response to the drug.

D. nauseous response to the sight of the drink.

Your therapist asks you to try to remember your dreams. He also encourages you to review incidents in early childhood. Your

therapist is most likely practicing:

A. Freudian therapy.

B. cognitive therapy.

C. behavior therapy.

D. humanistic therapy.

Your therapist asks you to try to remember your dreams. He also encourages you to review incidents in early childhood. Your

therapist is most likely practicing:

A. Freudian therapy.

B. cognitive therapy.

C. behavior therapy.

D. humanistic therapy.

Samuel receives some very bad news, and feels quite low. As time

passes, you would expect:A. his emotions to return to their usual state.

B. his emotions to stay low until something unusually good happens to him.

C. him to become much happier than usual, since people typically bounce back and forth between emotional extremes.

D. him to stay emotionally low unless he goes in for psychotherapy.

Samuel receives some very bad news, and feels quite low. As time

passes, you would expect:A. his emotions to return to their usual state.

B. his emotions to stay low until something unusually good happens to him.

C. him to become much happier than usual, since people typically bounce back and forth between emotional extremes.

D. him to stay emotionally low unless he goes in for psychotherapy.

A man has a fear of heights. A therapist who uses the technique called "flooding" would

1. Encourage him to think of other things.

2. Take him to the top of a mountain.

3. Present him with many relaxing stimuli at one time.

4. Probe the origins of this fear in early childhood.

Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

A man has a fear of heights. A therapist who uses the technique called "flooding" would

1. Encourage him to think of other things.

2. Take him to the top of a mountain.

3. Present him with many relaxing stimuli at one time.

4. Probe the origins of this fear in early childhood.

Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

A behaviorist decides that the best way to cure his client’s

alcohol addiction is to place a drug in his alcohol that

causes nausea, and then have the client drink the alcohol.

This is an example of what type of technique?

1. Flooding

2. Aversion therapy

3. Systematic desensitization

4. Counter-conditioning

5. Extinction

Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

A behaviorist decides that the best way to cure his client’s

alcohol addiction is to place a drug in his alcohol that

causes nausea, and then have the client drink the alcohol.

This is an example of what type of technique?

1. Flooding

2. Aversion therapy

3. Systematic desensitization

4. Counter-conditioning

5. Extinction

Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

Behavioral therapies are best suited for what type of

psychological disorder?

1. Schizophrenia

2. Depression

3. Phobias

4. Personality disorders

5. Dissociative identity disorder

Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

Behavioral therapies are best suited for what type of

psychological disorder?

1. Schizophrenia

2. Depression

3. Phobias

4. Personality disorders

5. Dissociative identity disorder

Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

Amanda’s therapist suggests that her depression results from mistakenly blaming herself rather than a slumping economy for

her recent job loss. Her therapist’s suggestion best illustrates a:

A. DSM-IV diagnosis.

B. psychoanalytic perspective.

C. medical model.

D. social-cognitive perspective.

Amanda’s therapist suggests that her depression results from mistakenly blaming herself rather than a slumping economy for

her recent job loss. Her therapist’s suggestion best illustrates a:

A. DSM-IV diagnosis.

B. psychoanalytic perspective.

C. medical model.

D. social-cognitive perspective.

If your psychologist believes that psychological disorders can be diagnosed,

treated, and cured through the use of standard tools, techniques, and medications,

she is most likely looking at psychological disorders from which perspective?

A. the medical perspective

B. the psychoanalytic perspective

C. the optimistic perspective

D. the bio-social perspective

If your psychologist believes that psychological disorders can be diagnosed,

treated, and cured through the use of standard tools, techniques, and medications,

she is most likely looking at psychological disorders from which perspective?

A. the medical perspective

B. the psychoanalytic perspective

C. the optimistic perspective

D. the bio-social perspective

Discussion Question

Compare and contrast the following forms of psychotherapy: cognitive, humanistic, and behavioral. Identify the focus of each approach as well as areas of

agreement and difference.

• Top Priority• Comparing and contrasting instead of just

listing each form of psychotherapy separately.• Second Priority• Accurately describing each form of

psychotherapy including agreement and difference.

• Cognitive – Thoughts cause abnormal behavior– Changing unrealistic thoughts is the intervention

• Humanistic– Emphasizes empowering the person– Self-growth with therapist help– Unconditional positive regard

• Behavioral– Uses (classical & operant conditioning) to eliminate

difficult behavior

• Agreement– All approach the person in a supportive manner– None focus on the past early childhood

• Disagreement– Cognitive therapy focuses on thoughts, whereas

behavior therapy focuses on only behavior– Cognitive and behavioral are more specific,

whereas humanistic is more general.