16 diaspora and globalization

Korea in the World, the World in KoreaEmigration from Korea

Colonial Diaspora (Japan, Manchuria, Russia’s Far East, Sakhalin)“the fate of stateless people”

America’s KoreansAdoption

Immigration to KoreaMigrant WorkersForeign Brides

Identifications and DisidentificationsWhat does it mean to be “Korean”?Normative vs. Resistant Definitions

Korean Wave and the Globalization of Pop Cul-ture

Japanese Empire, 1933-1941

Colonial DiasporaMetropole Japan

(zainichi Chosenjin/ zainichi Kankokujin)Manchuria Manchukuo Northeast China

(Chosôn-jok)Russia USSR Central Asia

(Koryô-in)Karafuto Sakhalin

(Sakhalin Koreans)

Colonial Diaspora: Japan 364,186 Korean men drafted into the Japanese military 634,093 male Koreans brought into Japan as labor re-

cruits (1939-1944) 1945: more than two million Koreans living in Japan

(some 600,000 remain in Japan) December, 1945: Koreans lose voting rights 1947: Alien Registration Law 1950: Japanese Nationality Law (patrilineal parentage) Split between NK-supporting ChoCh’ongnyôn and SK-

supporting Mindan 1965: South Korea-Japan Normalization Treaty Between naturalization and exile

Colonial Diaspora: Russia’s Far East1937: 168,259 Koreans in the Soviet Union,

mostly in Siberia and Primorsky Krai“New Korean Village” (Sinhanch’on) in Vladivostok

1937-39: Deportation of Koreans172,000 deported to Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan40,000 dead during the move

1991: Dissolution of the Soviet Union470,000 Koryô-in in former USSR

America’s Koreans1903-05: 7500 sugar plantation workers in

Hawaii1950-89: 100,000 “military brides”1965 Immigration Act:

family and employment immigration permitted2010 Census: 1.56 million

1) California 2) NY 3) NJStudents (2008)

27,349 primary and secondary115,852 total (highest by country, followed by India

and China)

Overseas Adoption

Harry and Bertha Holt adopt eightKorean War orphans (1955)

From Eleana Kim, Adopted Territory (2010)

Foreign Residents in South Ko-rea1980-1990: 22 percent increase1990-2007: 2,000 percent increase

(from 50,000 to almost 1 million)

Migrant Workers and the “Border-less Village”

KOREA TIMES(10/28/2010) 

Transnational Marriages and Multi-ethnic Families: New Guardians of Old Tradition?

Jan. 2000- May 2009: 167,090 international marriages

KIM Jong-cheol, 30years oldPhotographed by LEE Jae-Kap (Feb 1993)

Hines Ward becomes Honorary Seoulite(Apr 2006)

Defining “Korean-ness”Ethnicity

“Global Family”“Tong-p’o” ( 同胞 )Oversees adopteesAmerasians and

Kosians Citizenship

Migrant workersForeign brides

Uncoupling “fam-ily” and “nation”

What about “cul-ture”?

How “Korean” is the Korean Wave?The Case of JYJ

Seoul, Korea (Jan 2011)

Shibuya, Japan (Jan. 2011) (Jan. 2011)

Emden, Germany (Dec. 2010)

New York, USA (Nov. 2010)