12 u6-future jobs-part e-2

Unit 6: Future Jobs

Part E: Language Focus

Part E: Language Focus

• Pronunciation: strong forms and weak forms of conjunctions and prepositions

• Grammar: Relative Clauses1. Relative pronouns2. Combining 2 sentences using relative clauses

and reducing relative clauses using participles

I. Pronunciation

/ət/

/fə//əv/

/tə//frəm/

/ æt /

/f :ɔ /

/ɒv/

/tu:/

frɒ m/

At

For

Of

To

From

/ ənd / /ən/

/bət/

/ ænd/

/b tʌ /

and

but

Weak formStrong formWeak formStrong form

PrepositionsConjunctions

∫iz ət ‘hə mʊ

She’s at

home

‘blæk ən ‘wait

Black and White

Your application form is not accepted.

bət ‘wai ‘n tɔ

But why not?

I. Pronunciation

a s c ph t m d ng y u (weak form).Đ è®­î ¸ © ë ¹ ÕD ng d ng m nh (strong form) khi :ï ¹ ¹- T cu i c u .(1 )õ®ãë è ©- T trong ngo c kÐ p.(2)õ®ãë Æ- Khi mu n nh n m nh t trong tè ¹ õ®ã ình hu ng c th .(3)è ô ÓExamples:- What are you looking for?- You shouldn’t put “and” at the end of the sentence.

- The letter is from him, not to him .

I. Pronunciation

• What are you looking at?

• I want to go but I don't know when.

• She bought a book and two pens.

• Thanks for coming.

• Where is it from?

• I'm from Hanoi

• She's the one I'm fond of

• First of all, I want to thank you for coming

• The letter was to him, not from him.

• I want to ask you a question

II. Grammar• RELATIVE CLAUSES (Mệnh Đề Quan Hệ)

1. A doctor is a person who takes care of people’s health in hospitals.

2. A tour-guide is someone who takes people to places of interest.

3. The gave the job to her, which made her very happy.

=> A relative clause is used to modify the noun, pronoun, or the clause that precedes it

II. GrammarRelative Words

Followed by a noun, not a pronoun

Possessive cases

Not used after prep. and comma (,)

Subject/ObjectPeople/ things

Things Which

PeopleWhom

Not used after prep.Who

NotesFunction in

relative clauseNoun

modifiedSubject/ ObjectPeople

Object

Subject/ Object

People/ things

That

Whose

1 2

3

4

5

6 7

II. GrammarRelative Words

Notes:

• What = the thing that

• Whatever = anything that

• Whoever = anyone that

• Which: replace the whole previous clause

II. GrammarRelative Words – Exercise 1

• There is one person to ……….. I owe more than I can say.

• It was the kind of accident for………… nobody was really to blame

• …………..leaves last should turn off the lights

• Mary was late yesterday,………… was unusual for her.,

• Mrs Brown was the first owner………… dog won three prizes in the same show.

• I’ve just spoken to Sally, …….. sends you her love.

1

2

3

4

7

8

whom

which

Whoever

which

whose

who

Anyone that

II. GrammarCombining 2 sentences using relative clause• Step 1:The cowboy fell off the horse. He had been wounded by an arrow.=>

• Step 2:The cowboy fell off the horse. He had been wounded by an arrow.

• Step 3:The cowboy fell off the horse. had been wounded by an arrow.

The cowboy who had been wounded by an arrow fell off the horse.

S

who

Tìm và chọn từ hoặc cụm từ trong 2 câu mà cùng chỉ một đối tượng

Thế quan hệ từ vào từ đã chọn ở câu được chọn làm MĐQH sao cho quan hệ từ đó làm đúng chức năng từ nó thay thế

who

Đặt quan hệ từ lên đầu MĐQH, rồi đặt MĐQH đó ngay sau từ đã chọn ở câu còn lại

II. GrammarReducing Relative Clause Using Participles

• Who was the boy who waved hello to you yesterday?

• => Who was the boy waving hello to you yesterday?

• Please send me the file which is written in Vietnamese

• => Please send me the file written in Vietnamese.

=> Active => use V-ing

=> Passive => use PII

Exercise 2

Join the sentences in two ways

Choose a job you would like to do in the future!

Group 3

Group 1 Group 2

Group 4

1. I read a book. It was written by a friend of mine

I read a book written by a friend of mine

• A man got on the bus. He was carrying a lot of money in a box.

• In the street there were several people. They were waiting for the shop to open.

II. GrammarExercise 2

I read a book which was written by a friend of mine

The man who was carrying a lot of money in a box got on the bus

The man carrying a lot of money in a box got on the bus

In the street there were several people who were waiting for the shop to open.

In the street there were several people waiting for the shop to open.

1. Britain import many cars. They were made in Japan

Britain import many cars made in Japan

• There are a lot of people in your office. They want to talk to you.

• The cowboy fell off his horse. He had been wounded by an arrow.

II. GrammarExercise 2

Britain import many cars which were made in Japan

There are a lot of people in your office who want to talk to you

There are a lot of people in your office wanting to talk to you

The cowboy who had been wounded by an arrow fell off his horse.

The cowboy wounded by an arrow fell off his horse.

1. The cowboy fell off his horse. He had been wounded by an arrow.

The cowboy wounded by an arrow fell off his horse.

• Most of the people recovered quickly. They were injured in the crash.

• John looked anxiously at his watch. He wished he hadn’t come to the party.

II. GrammarExercise 2

The cowboy who had been wounded by an arrow fell off his horse

Most of the people who were injured in the crash recovered quickly.

Most of the people injured in the crash recovered quickly.

John, who wished he hadn’t come to the party, looked anxiously at his watch

John, wishing he hadn’t come to the party, looked anxiously at his watch

1. John looked anxiously at his watch. He wished he hadn’t come to the party.

John, wishing he hadn’t come to the party, looked anxiously at his watch.

• The children were playing football in the school yard. They were my students.

• Vietnam exports a lot of rice. It is grown mainly in the south of the country.

II. GrammarExercise 2

John, who wished he hadn’t come to the party, looked anxiously at his watch

The children playing football in the school yard were my students

Vietnam exports a lot of rice grown mainly in the south of the country

The children who were playing football in the school yard were my students

Vietnam exports a lot of rice which is grown mainly in the south of the country

III. CONSOLIDATION AND HOMEWORKIII. CONSOLIDATION AND HOMEWORK

CONSOLIDATION:CONSOLIDATION: Strong forms and weak forms of some Strong forms and weak forms of some

conjunctions and prepositionsconjunctions and prepositions

Some relative wordsSome relative words

2 ways to join 2 sentences (using relative 2 ways to join 2 sentences (using relative clauses and using participles)clauses and using participles)

HOMEWORKHOMEWORK Làm nốt các bài tập còn lạiLàm nốt các bài tập còn lại

Xem lại bài học và ghi nhớXem lại bài học và ghi nhớ

Xem lại kiến thức về mệnh đề quan hệ: Xem lại kiến thức về mệnh đề quan hệ: rút gon rút gon MĐQH, lược bỏ đại từ QHMĐQH, lược bỏ đại từ QH