10 rules of good and bad studying _ coursera
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https://www.coursera.org/learn/learninghowtolearn/supplement/OooZF/10rulesofgoodandbadstudying 1/2
Upcomingsession:November2December7
CourseHome(/learn/learninghowtolearn/home/welcome) Week4(/learn/learninghowtolearn/home/week/4) Reading
TheserulesformasynthesisofsomeofthemainideasofthecoursetheyareexcerptedfromthebookAMindforNumbers:HowtoExcelinMathandScience(EvenifYouFlunkedAlgebra),byBarbaraOakley,Penguin,July,2014.Feelfreetocopytheserulesandredistributethem,aslongasyoukeeptheoriginalwordingandthiscitation.
10RulesofGoodStudying1. Userecall.Afteryoureadapage,lookawayandrecallthemainideas.Highlightverylittle,andneverhighlightanythingyouhaventputinyourmindfirstby
recalling.Tryrecallingmainideaswhenyouarewalkingtoclassorinadifferentroomfromwhereyouoriginallylearnedit.Anabilitytorecalltogeneratetheideasfrominsideyourselfisoneofthekeyindicatorsofgoodlearning.
2. Testyourself.Oneverything.Allthetime.Flashcardsareyourfriend.
3. Chunkyourproblems.Chunkingisunderstandingandpracticingwithaproblemsolutionsothatitcanallcometomindinaflash.Afteryousolveaproblem,rehearseit.Makesureyoucansolveitcoldeverystep.Pretenditsasongandlearntoplayitoverandoveragaininyourmind,sotheinformationcombinesintoonesmoothchunkyoucanpullupwheneveryouwant.
4. Spaceyourrepetition.Spreadoutyourlearninginanysubjectalittleeveryday,justlikeanathlete.Yourbrainislikeamuscleitcanhandleonlyalimitedamountofexerciseononesubjectatatime.
5. Alternatedifferentproblemsolvingtechniquesduringyourpractice.Neverpracticetoolongatanyonesessionusingonlyoneproblemsolvingtechniqueafterawhile,youarejustmimickingwhatyoudidonthepreviousproblem.Mixitupandworkondifferenttypesofproblems.Thisteachesyoubothhowandwhentouseatechnique.(Booksgenerallyarenotsetupthisway,soyoullneedtodothisonyourown.)Aftereveryassignmentandtest,gooveryourerrors,makesureyouunderstandwhyyoumadethem,andthenreworkyoursolutions.Tostudymosteffectively,handwrite(donttype)aproblemononesideofaflashcardandthesolutionontheother.(Handwritingbuildsstrongerneuralstructuresinmemorythantyping.)Youmightalsophotographthecardifyouwanttoloaditintoastudyapponyoursmartphone.Quizyourselfrandomlyondifferenttypesofproblems.Anotherwaytodothisistorandomlyflipthroughyourbook,pickoutaproblem,andseewhetheryoucansolveitcold.
6. Takebreaks.Itiscommontobeunabletosolveproblemsorfigureoutconceptsinmathorsciencethefirsttimeyouencounterthem.Thisiswhyalittlestudyeverydayismuchbetterthanalotofstudyingallatonce.Whenyougetfrustratedwithamathorscienceproblem,takeabreaksothatanotherpartofyourmindcantakeoverandworkinthebackground.
7. Useexplanatoryquestioningandsimpleanalogies.Wheneveryouarestrugglingwithaconcept,thinktoyourself,HowcanIexplainthissothatatenyearoldcouldunderstandit?Usingananalogyreallyhelps,likesayingthattheflowofelectricityisliketheflowofwater.Dontjustthinkyourexplanationsayitoutloudorputitinwriting.Theadditionaleffortofspeakingandwritingallowsyoutomoredeeplyencode(thatis,convertintoneuralmemorystructures)whatyouarelearning.
8. Focus.Turnoffallinterruptingbeepsandalarmsonyourphoneandcomputer,andthenturnonatimerfortwentyfiveminutes.Focusintentlyforthosetwentyfiveminutesandtrytoworkasdiligentlyasyoucan.Afterthetimergoesoff,giveyourselfasmall,funreward.Afewofthesesessionsinadaycanreallymoveyourstudiesforward.Trytosetuptimesandplaceswherestudyingnotglancingatyourcomputerorphoneisjustsomethingyounaturallydo.
9. Eatyourfrogsfirst.Dothehardestthingearliestintheday,whenyouarefresh.
10. Makeamentalcontrast.Imaginewhereyouvecomefromandcontrastthatwiththedreamofwhereyourstudieswilltakeyou.Postapictureorwordsinyourworkspacetoremindyouofyourdream.Lookatthatwhenyoufindyourmotivationlagging.Thisworkwillpayoffbothforyouandthoseyoulove!
10RulesofBadStudyingExcerptedfromAMindforNumbers:HowtoExcelinMathandScience(EvenifYouFlunkedAlgebra),byBarbaraOakley,Penguin,July,2014
Avoidthesetechniquestheycanwasteyourtimeevenwhiletheyfoolyouintothinkingyourelearning!
1. Passiverereadingsittingpassivelyandrunningyoureyesbackoverapage.Unlessyoucanprovethatthematerialismovingintoyourbrainbyrecallingthemainideaswithoutlookingatthepage,rereadingisawasteoftime.
2. Lettinghighlightsoverwhelmyou.Highlightingyourtextcanfoolyourmindintothinkingyouareputtingsomethinginyourbrain,whenallyourereallydoingismovingyourhand.Alittlehighlightinghereandthereisokaysometimesitcanbehelpfulinflaggingimportantpoints.Butifyouareusinghighlightingasamemorytool,makesurethatwhatyoumarkisalsogoingintoyourbrain.
3. Merelyglancingataproblemssolutionandthinkingyouknowhowtodoit.Thisisoneoftheworsterrorsstudentsmakewhilestudying.Youneedtobeabletosolveaproblemstepbystep,withoutlookingatthesolution.
4. Waitinguntilthelastminutetostudy.Wouldyoucramatthelastminuteifyouwerepracticingforatrackmeet?Yourbrainislikeamuscleitcanhandleonlyalimitedamountofexerciseononesubjectatatime.
5. Repeatedlysolvingproblemsofthesametypethatyoualreadyknowhowtosolve.Ifyoujustsitaroundsolvingsimilarproblemsduringyourpractice,yourenotactuallypreparingforatestitslikepreparingforabigbasketballgamebyjustpracticingyourdribbling.
6. Lettingstudysessionswithfriendsturnintochatsessions.Checkingyourproblemsolvingwithfriends,andquizzingoneanotheronwhatyouknow,canmakelearningmoreenjoyable,exposeflawsinyourthinking,anddeepenyourlearning.Butifyourjointstudysessionsturntofunbeforetheworkisdone,yourewastingyourtimeandshouldfindanotherstudygroup.
7. Neglectingtoreadthetextbookbeforeyoustartworkingproblems.Wouldyoudiveintoapoolbeforeyouknewhowtoswim?Thetextbookisyourswimminginstructoritguidesyoutowardtheanswers.Youwillflounderandwasteyourtimeifyoudontbothertoreadit.Beforeyoubegintoread,however,takeaquickglanceoverthechapterorsectiontogetasenseofwhatitsabout.
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8. Notcheckingwithyourinstructorsorclassmatestoclearuppointsofconfusion.Professorsareusedtoloststudentscominginforguidanceitsourjobtohelpyou.Thestudentsweworryaboutaretheoneswhodontcomein.Dontbeoneofthosestudents.
9. Thinkingyoucanlearndeeplywhenyouarebeingconstantlydistracted.Everytinypulltowardaninstantmessageorconversationmeansyouhavelessbrainpowertodevotetolearning.Everytugofinterruptedattentionpullsouttinyneuralrootsbeforetheycangrow.
10. Notgettingenoughsleep.Yourbrainpiecestogetherproblemsolvingtechniqueswhenyousleep,anditalsopracticesandrepeatswhateveryouputinmindbeforeyougotosleep.Prolongedfatigueallowstoxinstobuildupinthebrainthatdisrupttheneuralconnectionsyouneedtothinkquicklyandwell.Ifyoudontgetagoodsleepbeforeatest,NOTHINGELSEYOUHAVEDONEWILLMATTER.
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