1 pertemuan 7 communication protocols for e-business matakuliah: m0284/teknologi & infrastruktur...
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Pertemuan 7 Communication Protocols
for E-Business
Matakuliah : M0284/Teknologi & Infrastruktur E-Business
Tahun : 2005
Versi : <<versi/revisi>>
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Learning Objectives
• Explain the idea of a protocol
• Describe the OSI model of communication protocol
• Point out important features of the TCP/IP protocol suite
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Overview
• What is a protocol?
• The Open Systems Interconnection Model
• Understanding the Internet
• The Internet Protocol Suite
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What is a Protocol?
• Rules of communication• Communication consists of small acts• Protocols formalize the notion of acts• Protocols relate to other protocols in terms of
layers
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Protocol Layers
Different functions in a post-office based communication system
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Open Systems Interconnection Model
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OSI Model
Layer 0: The physical media
Layer 1, Physical: Specifications related to transfer of data bits. Modulation techniques, voltages, interfaces
Layer 2, Datalink: Specs related to delivery of frames across two adjacent nodes. Sending and receiving of frames from the media, frame structure, addressing
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The OSI Model
• Layer 3, Network: Specs relating to sending message over the entire network routing, congestion control
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The OSI Model
Layer 4, Transport: Ensure end-to-end delivery function executed at the sender and recipient end
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The OSI Model
• Layer 5, Session: establish, maintain and terminate session
• Layer 6, Presentation: data representation, encryption
• Layer 7, Application: network application, user interface
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The Internet
• Data Centric network• Separation of Communication and data
processing between 2 computers, one called host and the other router
• Packet Switched Network
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The Internet: Packet Switching
Packets travel from sending host to destination host. Along the way the packets are routed from one router to another
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The Internet: Network connecting other networks
A simplified view of the Internet
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The Internet: The Network
• Networks owned by different governments and organizations
• Consists of different levels of backbone national level, regional level
• The backbones are owned and operated by different Internet service providers and governments
• The backbone meet at network access points and metropolitan area exchanges
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Internet Service Provider
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Connecting to an ISP
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Internet Protocol Suite
• Developed independently of OSI
• Can be mapped to OSI model
• Layer 3, network layer: IP, Internet protocol
• Layer 4, transport layer: TCP, transmission control protocol
• Layer 7, application: FTP, HTTP
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The Internet Protocol Suite
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Internet Protocol
• Internet addressing32 bit Internet address:
10000001 00011111 10000001 00011111
is written as 129.31.129.31
• Domain name addressing domain name servers translates an address chaudhury.mis.mgmt.edu to the above IP address
• Different domains: edu, gov, com, mil, net
• New domains: biz, pro, cop, museum, aero, name
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Domain Server Tree
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IP Routing
Routing tables at each router specify for the packet destination address the network address that the packet is to be routed to
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Transmission Control Protocol
• Fulfills the functions of Layer 4, transport layer ensures end-to-end delivery
• Breaks data stream from the application layer into packets (IP datagrams)
• Uses a system of acknowedgement-with- retransmission paradigm
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