1 mobile services cellular networks spectrum the structure of the industry second & third...

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Mobile Services

• Cellular networks

• Spectrum

• The structure of the industry

• Second & third generation networks

• Handhelds

• M-Commerce

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Pre-cellular Mobile Service

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1984Cellular Service

2 Carriers/market

1994 PCS AuctionsEntry of Competitors

AT&T WirelessSprint, T-Mobile predecessors

Late 1990sConsolidation & Growth

Sprint Nextel, AT&T/CingularVerizon Wireless/Vodafone

Wireless MilestonesIn the U.S.

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Cellular’s Additional Capacity

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Spectrum

• What is it?

• Wavelength

• Allocation– Licensed– Unlicensed

• Harmonization

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Connections Between Mobile & Landline Networks

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2nd Generation Wireless Services

TDMA GSM CDMA Frequency

PCS X X X 1.7 GHz*1.8 GHz*1.9 GHz* USA

AMPSAnalog

824 to 849 MHz**869 to 894 MHz

DigitalService

X X X 824 to 849 MHz**869 to 894 MHz

Nextel X800-900 Mhz**

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SS7 & Registers - Tracking Users

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Third Generation Cellular

• WCDMA– GSM & TDMA– Evolution via:

• GPRS (General Packet radio services)• EDGE (Enhanced data rates for GSM)• HSDPA (High speed uplink packet access)

• CDMA2000– 1x– 1xEV-DO– Rev A

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U.S. Carriers

• GSM evolving to WCDMA– Cingular Wireless

– T-Mobile

• CDMA2000 1X & EV-DO– Verizon Wireless

– Sprint Nextel• iDEN

• Trialing WiMAX

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Third generation network architecture - 3GPPfor WCDMA

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Nextel’s Nationwide Push-to-talk Service

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What Issues are Carriers Facing?

• $$$

• Roaming

• Capacity

• Billing

• New Applications

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What do Customers Want?

• Voice– Quality– Pricing– Coverage

• Features

• Data

• Video

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Third GenerationEconomics

New Handsets Denser base station coverage $$$ for licenses Will companies pay for high-speed data? Will consumers?

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Figure 8.6Kodiak push-to-talk between cellular networks. Figure courtesy of Kodiak Networks.

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Handhelds

• Triple mode– WCDMA

– GSM

– GPRS

• Multi-band– 800 megahertz (MHz)

– 1.8 gigahertz (GHz)

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Handheld Capabilities

• Ring tones• Cameras• Video & games• Battery life• Differentiators• Subsidies

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Advanced Applications & M-commerce

• Pay by phone

• Multi-media

• Internet access

• Remote Access to Enterprise applications

• Challenges– Spam– Security

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Mobile Services Summary

• The Significance of cellular service

• Differences between 2nd & 3rd Generation Service

• Impact of governments’ spectrum policies

• Handhelds & user experiences