1 giuseppe cinquegrana researcher national accounts directorate istat oecd working party - paris, 30...
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1
Giuseppe Cinquegrana
ResearcherNational Accounts directorate
IstatOECD Working Party - Paris, 30 November 2010
Debt and net financial wealth:a comparative analysis for some European countries
2
Bank oriented
vs.Market oriented
Analysis on Financial Accounts for some European countries
Model of Financial System
3
• Bank oriented
Gershenkron, 1962
Universal banks have carried out a crucial role in the economic development process in the nineteenth century (see Italy and Germany)
Model of Financial System
4
• Bank oriented
Diamond, 1984, Mayer, 1988, Levine, 1997, 2003,
Financial intermediaries have a fundamental role in overcoming market failures due to the asymmetric information. By monitoring and screening the firms’ projects during many years, banks are able to assess and prevent opportunistic behaviours related to
adverse selection and to moral hazard problems.
Model of Financial System
5
• Market oriented
new view Gurley and Shaw (1955)
Starting from the portfolio risk diversification theory, they identify the crucial role of finance in the risk selection and asset allocation on behalf of the investors. Also the degree of development and of the innovation technology of the economy determines the model of financial system.
Model of Financial System
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Model of Financial System
• Law finance approach
The relationship between finance and growth has to be analyzed taking into account the different legal
traditions
• Common Law Civil Law
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Common law
• historically oriented to a greater protection of the holders of property rights towards the
government
• public companies and widespread shareholding
• governance conflicts: shareholder / manager
• very liquid financial markets are, in effects, the main protection for shareholders
Market Oriented Financial System
Model of Financial System
8
Civil Law
• lower degree of protection of the private sector • firm ownership more concentrated
• governance conflicts: majority shareholder / minority shareholder
• a bigger cost for the firms to obtain funding directly on the financial market, because of the high risk premium on the invested capital demanded by minority shareholder
Bank Oriented Financial System
Model of Financial System
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• FIR: Financial Interrelation Ratiomeasure of the degree of financial intensity of an economic system
the financial assets of the whole economy
the wealth of the whole economy
Goldsmith’s ratios
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• FIN: Financial Intermediation Ratiomeasure of the degree of financial intermediation of an economic system
the liabilities of the Financial Corporations
the sum of the liabilities of all the other sectors
Goldsmith’s ratios
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• CIR: Credit Intermediation Ratio
(Capelle-Blancard et al., 2006 )measure of the degree of banking intermediation on the whole financial intermediation in an economic system
the loans granted by the Financial Corporations
the sum of the liabilities issued by all the other sectors
Other Financial indicators
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• NFIR: Net Financial Interrelation Ratio
the net financial wealth
Gross Domestic Product at current prices
Other Financial indicators
13
• Financial Accounts (ESA95)
European Monetary Union
United Kingdom
• Source:
EUROSTAT, OECD, OFFICE FOR NATIONAL STATISTICS UK
Analysis and data
14
• Total Economy S1
• Non Financial Sector S11
• Financial Sector S12
• General Government S13
• Household S14
• Rest of the World S2
• Source:
EUROSTAT, OECD, OFFICE FOR NATIONAL STATISTICS UK
Institutional Sector ESA95
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Financial Interrelation Ratio (%), FIR,by European country
FIR ratio (financial assets S1 / GDP)(Median EMU basis 100)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2000-2008Italy France United Kingdom Spain Germany
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FIN ratio (liabilities S12 / liabilities S11+S13+S14+S2)(Median EMU basis 100)
0
50
100
150
200
250
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2000-2008Italy France United Kingdom Spain Germany
Financial Intermediation Ratio (%), FIN,by European country
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CIR ratio (loans S12 / liabilities S11+S13+S14+S2)(Median EMU basis 100)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2000-2008Italy France United Kingdom Spain Germany
Credit Intermediation Ratio (%), CIR,by European country
18
NFIR for the Private Non Financial Sector (net financial wealth S11+S14 / GDP)(Median EMU basis 100)
-400
-300
-200
-100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2000-2008
Italy France United Kingdom Spain Germany
Net Financial Interrelation Ratio (%), NFIR,Private Non Financial Sector (S11+S14) by European country
19
NFIR for the Households (net financial wealth S14 / GDP)
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2000-2008
Italy France United Kingdom Spain Germany
Net Financial Interrelation Ratio (%), NFIR,Household Sector (S14) by European country
20
Financial liabilities on GDP (%) of the whole Non Financial Sector (S11+S13+S14) by European country
Financial liabilities on GDP of the whole non fiancial sector (S11+S13+S14)(Median EMU basis 100)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2000-2008
Italy France United Kingdom Spain Germany
21
Financial liabilities on GDP (%) of the Private Non Financial Sector (S11+S14) by European country
Financial liabilities on GDP of the private non fiancial sector (S11+S14)(Median EMU basis 100)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2000-2008
Italy France United Kingdom Spain Germany
22
Financial liabilities on financial assets (%)Household Sector (S14) by European country
Financial liabilities on financial assests for Households sector
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2000-2008Italy France United Kingdom
Spain Germany Median UEM 11
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Thanks
OECD Working Party - Paris,
30 November 2010
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