1 bragg curve protons and carbon. 2 application of range the localized energy deposition of heavy...

1

Bragg CurveProtons and

Carbon

2

Application of RangeThe localized energy deposition of

heavy charged particles can be useful therapeutically = proton radiation therapy

3

Proton Therapy

4

Proton Therapy

Energy range of interest from 50 (eye) – 250 (prostate) MeV

5

Proton Therapy

asdf

6

Proton Therapy

Modulator, aperture, and compensator

Modulator

7

Proton Therapy

8

Proton Therapy

Lung cancer treatment Intensity modulated radiation therapy

vs proton therapy

9

CyclotronThe first circular accelerator was the

cyclotron Developed by Lawrence in 1931 (for $25)

Grad student Livingston built it for his thesis About 4 inches in diameter

10

CyclotronPrinciple of operation

Particle acceleration is achieved using an RF field between “dees” with a constant magnetic field to guide the particles

11

CyclotronPrinciple of operation

c approaches vas cancelt won'

momentum and velocity in vsince relativityby Limited

222

daccelerate is particle the

asconstant remainsfrequency that theNote

for 2

m

eB

mv

eBvvf

e

p

e

mvB

cvmv

qvB

12

CyclotronWhy don’t the particles hit the pole

pieces? The fringe field (gradient) provides vertical

and (less obviously) horizontal focusing

13

CyclotronTRIUMF in Canada has the world’s largest

cyclotron

14

CyclotronTRIUMF

15

CyclotronNSCL cyclotron at Michigan State

16

Cyclotron

17

18

19

20

21

22