1 automation in indian agriculture reliance life sciences j. v. narasimham ; 17 th dec. 2004
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1
Automation in Indian Automation in Indian AgricultureAgriculture
Reliance Life SciencesReliance Life Sciences
J . V. Narasimham ; 17th Dec. 2004
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Why Automation ?Why Automation ?
Reliance Life SciencesReliance Life Sciences
• Increase in Precision• Reduction in Manpower
costs• Fool-proofing of
redundant operations• Safety, Reliability &
repeatability• Humanly Impossible tasks
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Where is automation needed ?Where is automation needed ?
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• Greenhouses• Poultry & Animal farms• Irrigation controls• Temperature / RH / Light
intensity control.• Fertigation / Nutrition • Grain Drying• Phytomonitoring Devices.• CO2 monitoring
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What can be Automated?What can be Automated?
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• Qty & Quality ( EC / pH ) of water & timing & cycling• Qty of nutrients & absorption indirectly by DW mntrng• Maintenance of systems like flushing / draining • Climate linked parameters – with weather station• Roofs / curtains / thermal screens etc• Cooling, Heating, Fogging, FAV, CO2 levels etc.• PP sprays , Sulphur emitters, Ethylene emitters etc.• Alarms to switch to Manual modes & intervention
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Special areas of usage Special areas of usage
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• Floriculture crop controls like Photoperiod & Light Intensity.
• R & D Trials• Transgenic Trials• Pollination controls in
insect free Green Houses
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Prerequisites for Automation.Prerequisites for Automation.
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• Minimum amount of farm mechanization needed for Automation.
• Automation is a product of precision farming needs• Cost of Manpower• Availability of Manpower• Availability of Infrastructure• Critical Frequent & Repetitive operations
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Feasibility of AutomationFeasibility of Automation
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• Remoteness of location • Availability of skilled
manpower• Availability of reliable
hardware • Durability of hardware• Cost – effectiveness of
the Technology
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World ScenarioWorld Scenario
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• Mainly concentrated in the countries of Isreal, Netherlands, USA & Australia.
• Floriculture & non-seasonal vegetable production are the major users.
• Transgenic trials & other R&D trials.• Precesion farming under green house & open conditions• Special uses like Biomes in Eden etc.
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Renowned ManufacturersRenowned Manufacturers
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• Rovero - Green House related• Eldar Shanny – Irrigation & Fertigation• Gal electronics – Nutrient monitoring• Valco – All including poultry & Animal houses &
Phytomonitors • Ludvig Svensson - Insulation• Bermad – Solenoids & other control valves• Seimens – FAV & animal care
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Indian ScenarioIndian Scenario
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• Mainly confined to Green Houses in Floriculture• Fertigation is the major application• EC & pH control of irrigation water• Timer based controls for Fogging & Misting• Sensor based controls for Temperature and Humidity• Recent mushrooming of Trans-Genic & other trials of
seed production & Bio-tech companies• Fan & Pad systems controlled by sensors
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What’s needed to improveWhat’s needed to improve
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• Cost effectiveness and reliability of equipment• Local design of structures• Local manufacture of support hardware • Local R & D in machinery, Electronics & Software –
tropicalization and the like• Innovations to bring in appropriate technology
- Top sprinklers to cool films- Top roof thermal screens- Evaporation trays for humidity enhancement- Additives in films- Chilled water circulation for foggers
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Prospects of growth :Prospects of growth :
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• Intntnl. Floriculture market growing at 10% - USD 50 b
• Indian market growing at 35-50% for the past decade
• The domestic transgenic & Biotech Green Houses growing at 30% CAGR for 5 yrs
• International firms from Israel, US, Netherlands, Spain etc are setting shop in India
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Challenges :Challenges :
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• Area under drips in India about 60,000 Ha.• Area of EOU Polyhouses in India – 200 Ha. ,
Kenya – 2000 Ha. World – 50,000 Ha.
• Bulk of commercial floriculture done by individual progressive farmers
• Poultry & Animal farms operate on wafer thin margins – Investment in hi-tech ?
• Quality – price sensitivity in the domestic market – Agricultural produce.
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