04. surveying
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TodayTodayTodayToday
• AM - Seminar - 3157AM - Seminar - 3157– Get Casts from MarjorieGet Casts from Marjorie– Survey Class I & II Casts (no preps)Survey Class I & II Casts (no preps)– Tripod CastsTripod Casts– Get Heads & Mounts ready for PMGet Heads & Mounts ready for PM
• PM - ClinicPM - Clinic– Prepare guiding planes on Class I & II Prepare guiding planes on Class I & II Typodonts (last sheet Course Sched)Typodonts (last sheet Course Sched)
– FormativeFormative– Marking sheets Marking sheets – Diagnostic Casts Mark Sheets - Hand inDiagnostic Casts Mark Sheets - Hand in
• AM - Seminar - 3157AM - Seminar - 3157– Get Casts from MarjorieGet Casts from Marjorie– Survey Class I & II Casts (no preps)Survey Class I & II Casts (no preps)– Tripod CastsTripod Casts– Get Heads & Mounts ready for PMGet Heads & Mounts ready for PM
• PM - ClinicPM - Clinic– Prepare guiding planes on Class I & II Prepare guiding planes on Class I & II Typodonts (last sheet Course Sched)Typodonts (last sheet Course Sched)
– FormativeFormative– Marking sheets Marking sheets – Diagnostic Casts Mark Sheets - Hand inDiagnostic Casts Mark Sheets - Hand in
Surveying, Path of Surveying, Path of Insertion, Insertion,
Guiding PlanesGuiding Planes
Surveying, Path of Surveying, Path of Insertion, Insertion,
Guiding PlanesGuiding Planes
DefinitionsDefinitionsDefinitionsDefinitions
•Height of Height of contourcontour
•Height of Height of contourcontour
•Undercut = Undercut = InfrabulgeInfrabulge
•Undercut = Undercut = InfrabulgeInfrabulge
•SuprabulgeSuprabulge•SuprabulgeSuprabulge
DefinitionsDefinitionsDefinitionsDefinitions
•Height of Height of contourcontour
•Height of Height of contourcontour
•Undercut = Undercut = InfrabulgeInfrabulge
•Undercut = Undercut = InfrabulgeInfrabulge
•SuprabulgeSuprabulge•SuprabulgeSuprabulge
Rule: Retentive tip should Rule: Retentive tip should usually be designed to be usually be designed to be placed in the gingival 1/3placed in the gingival 1/3
Rule: Retentive tip should Rule: Retentive tip should usually be designed to be usually be designed to be placed in the gingival 1/3placed in the gingival 1/3
Path of InsertionPath of InsertionPath of InsertionPath of Insertion
•Path that the Path that the prosthesis is prosthesis is –Placed/removedPlaced/removed–Usually a single path Usually a single path
•Path that the Path that the prosthesis is prosthesis is –Placed/removedPlaced/removed–Usually a single path Usually a single path
Advantages of a Single Advantages of a Single Path of InsertionPath of Insertion
Advantages of a Single Advantages of a Single Path of InsertionPath of Insertion
•Equalizes retentionEqualizes retention•Equalizes retentionEqualizes retention
Advantages of a Single Advantages of a Single Path of InsertionPath of Insertion
Advantages of a Single Advantages of a Single Path of InsertionPath of Insertion
•Bracing and Cross-arch StabilizationBracing and Cross-arch Stabilization•Bracing and Cross-arch StabilizationBracing and Cross-arch Stabilization
Advantages of a Single Advantages of a Single Path of InsertionPath of Insertion
Advantages of a Single Advantages of a Single Path of InsertionPath of Insertion
•Minimizes torque on abutmentsMinimizes torque on abutments•Minimizes torque on abutmentsMinimizes torque on abutments
Advantages of a Single Advantages of a Single Path of InsertionPath of Insertion
Advantages of a Single Advantages of a Single Path of InsertionPath of Insertion
•Allows removal without Allows removal without encountering interferencesencountering interferences
•Allows removal without Allows removal without encountering interferencesencountering interferences
Advantages of a Single Advantages of a Single Path of InsertionPath of Insertion
Advantages of a Single Advantages of a Single Path of InsertionPath of Insertion
•Directs forces along long Directs forces along long axes of teethaxes of teeth
•Directs forces along long Directs forces along long axes of teethaxes of teeth
Advantages of a Single Advantages of a Single Path of InsertionPath of Insertion
Advantages of a Single Advantages of a Single Path of InsertionPath of Insertion
•Provides frictional Provides frictional retentionretention
•Provides frictional Provides frictional retentionretention
Selecting a Single Path of Selecting a Single Path of InsertionInsertion
Selecting a Single Path of Selecting a Single Path of InsertionInsertion
•Use a dental surveyor Use a dental surveyor toto–Select path Select path –Prepare guiding planesPrepare guiding planes
•Use a dental surveyor Use a dental surveyor toto–Select path Select path –Prepare guiding planesPrepare guiding planes
Guiding Plane Guiding Plane PreparationPreparation
Guiding Plane Guiding Plane PreparationPreparation
•Where rigid components contact abutmentsWhere rigid components contact abutments•Where rigid components contact abutmentsWhere rigid components contact abutments
• Proximal PlatesProximal Plates• Proximal PlatesProximal Plates• Bracing ArmsBracing Arms• Bracing ArmsBracing Arms• Rigid portions of Rigid portions of Retentive ArmsRetentive Arms
• Rigid portions of Rigid portions of Retentive ArmsRetentive Arms
Other Uses of a Other Uses of a SurveyorSurveyor
Other Uses of a Other Uses of a SurveyorSurveyor
•Blocking out undesirable Blocking out undesirable undercutsundercuts–Ensures the framework is not Ensures the framework is not cast in an undercutcast in an undercut
•Blocking out undesirable Blocking out undesirable undercutsundercuts–Ensures the framework is not Ensures the framework is not cast in an undercutcast in an undercut
Parts of a SurveyorParts of a SurveyorParts of a SurveyorParts of a Surveyor
•Surveying TableSurveying Table•Surveying TableSurveying Table
Parts of a SurveyorParts of a SurveyorParts of a SurveyorParts of a Surveyor
•Surveying ArmSurveying Arm•Surveying ArmSurveying Arm
Parts of a SurveyorParts of a SurveyorParts of a SurveyorParts of a Surveyor
•Surveying ToolsSurveying Tools–Analyzing RodAnalyzing Rod
•Surveying ToolsSurveying Tools–Analyzing RodAnalyzing Rod
Parts of a SurveyorParts of a SurveyorParts of a SurveyorParts of a Surveyor
•Surveying ToolsSurveying Tools–Carbon MarkersCarbon Markers
•Surveying ToolsSurveying Tools–Carbon MarkersCarbon Markers
Parts of a SurveyorParts of a SurveyorParts of a SurveyorParts of a Surveyor
•Surveying ToolsSurveying Tools–Undercut GaugesUndercut Gauges
•Surveying ToolsSurveying Tools–Undercut GaugesUndercut Gauges
. . 01”01”. . 01”01”
. . 03”03”. . 03”03”
. . 02”02”. . 02”02”
Undercut GaugesUndercut GaugesUndercut GaugesUndercut Gauges
Parts of a SurveyorParts of a SurveyorParts of a SurveyorParts of a Surveyor
•Surveying ToolsSurveying Tools–Wax TrimmerWax Trimmer
•Surveying ToolsSurveying Tools–Wax TrimmerWax Trimmer
Selecting a Path of Selecting a Path of InsertionInsertion
Selecting a Path of Selecting a Path of InsertionInsertion
•Orient cast Orient cast relatively horizontalrelatively horizontal–Final tilt rarely more Final tilt rarely more than 10° from than 10° from horizontalhorizontal
•Orient cast Orient cast relatively horizontalrelatively horizontal–Final tilt rarely more Final tilt rarely more than 10° from than 10° from horizontalhorizontal
Selecting a Path of Selecting a Path of InsertionInsertion
Selecting a Path of Selecting a Path of InsertionInsertion
•Place analyzing rod against Place analyzing rod against abutmentsabutments–Contact point is Contact point is Height of Height of ContourContour- Below is infrabulge Below is infrabulge - Above is suprabulge Above is suprabulge
•Place analyzing rod against Place analyzing rod against abutmentsabutments–Contact point is Contact point is Height of Height of ContourContour- Below is infrabulge Below is infrabulge - Above is suprabulge Above is suprabulge
Selecting a Path of Selecting a Path of InsertionInsertion
Selecting a Path of Selecting a Path of InsertionInsertion
•Tilt cast to Tilt cast to obtain maximum obtain maximum parallelismparallelism–Heights of contour Heights of contour are at relatively are at relatively same position same position occluso-gingivallyoccluso-gingivally
–Equal amounts of Equal amounts of undercutundercut
•Tilt cast to Tilt cast to obtain maximum obtain maximum parallelismparallelism–Heights of contour Heights of contour are at relatively are at relatively same position same position occluso-gingivallyoccluso-gingivally
–Equal amounts of Equal amounts of undercutundercut
Altering Path of Altering Path of InsertionInsertion
Altering Path of Altering Path of InsertionInsertion
•Proximal surfaces Proximal surfaces similar undercutssimilar undercuts
•Retentive areas Retentive areas similar undercutssimilar undercuts
•Proximal surfaces Proximal surfaces similar undercutssimilar undercuts
•Retentive areas Retentive areas similar undercutssimilar undercuts
Selecting a Path of Selecting a Path of InsertionInsertion
Selecting a Path of Selecting a Path of InsertionInsertion
•Modify tilt if necessaryModify tilt if necessary–Soft tissue interferencesSoft tissue interferences
•Modify tilt if necessaryModify tilt if necessary–Soft tissue interferencesSoft tissue interferences
Selecting a Path of Selecting a Path of InsertionInsertion
Selecting a Path of Selecting a Path of InsertionInsertion
•Modify tilt if necessaryModify tilt if necessary–EstheticsEsthetics
•Modify tilt if necessaryModify tilt if necessary–EstheticsEsthetics
Once Path SelectedOnce Path SelectedOnce Path SelectedOnce Path Selected
•Instructor: Instructor: –Approves pathApproves path–Demo:Demo:
- Mark heights of contour Mark heights of contour with carbon markerwith carbon marker
-TripodTripod
•Instructor: Instructor: –Approves pathApproves path–Demo:Demo:
- Mark heights of contour Mark heights of contour with carbon markerwith carbon marker
-TripodTripod
Selecting a Path of Selecting a Path of InsertionInsertion
Selecting a Path of Selecting a Path of InsertionInsertion
•Lock cast position & Lock cast position & tripodtripod
•Lock cast position & Lock cast position & tripodtripod
TripodingTripodingTripodingTripoding
Optimal Path of Optimal Path of InsertionInsertion
Optimal Path of Optimal Path of InsertionInsertion
•Retentive Retentive undercuts undercuts equalizedequalized–Retentive arm has a Retentive arm has a different path of different path of escapement than escapement than guiding plane, so guiding plane, so it must flex during it must flex during removalremoval
•Retentive Retentive undercuts undercuts equalizedequalized–Retentive arm has a Retentive arm has a different path of different path of escapement than escapement than guiding plane, so guiding plane, so it must flex during it must flex during removalremoval
Optimal Path of Optimal Path of InsertionInsertion
Optimal Path of Optimal Path of InsertionInsertion
•Retentive undercuts Retentive undercuts equalizedequalized–Ideally, retentive arms Ideally, retentive arms should oppose each other should oppose each other on opposite sides of the on opposite sides of the archarch
•Retentive undercuts Retentive undercuts equalizedequalized–Ideally, retentive arms Ideally, retentive arms should oppose each other should oppose each other on opposite sides of the on opposite sides of the archarch
Optimal Path of Optimal Path of InsertionInsertion
Optimal Path of Optimal Path of InsertionInsertion
•Minimize severe tooth & Minimize severe tooth & soft tissue soft tissue interferences interferences
•Minimize severe tooth & Minimize severe tooth & soft tissue soft tissue interferences interferences
Optimal Path of Optimal Path of InsertionInsertion
Optimal Path of Optimal Path of InsertionInsertion
•EstheticsEsthetics–Minimize Minimize display of display of clasps, clasps, metal metal componentscomponents
•EstheticsEsthetics–Minimize Minimize display of display of clasps, clasps, metal metal componentscomponents
Optimal Path of Optimal Path of InsertionInsertion
Optimal Path of Optimal Path of InsertionInsertion
•Prepare Guiding PlanesPrepare Guiding Planes–Flat surfaces parallel to Flat surfaces parallel to path of insertionpath of insertion
–Control & limit movement Control & limit movement of RPDof RPD
–Initial contacts for RPDInitial contacts for RPD
•Prepare Guiding PlanesPrepare Guiding Planes–Flat surfaces parallel to Flat surfaces parallel to path of insertionpath of insertion
–Control & limit movement Control & limit movement of RPDof RPD
–Initial contacts for RPDInitial contacts for RPD
Guiding PlanesGuiding PlanesGuiding PlanesGuiding Planes
•StabilizationStabilization•StabilizationStabilization
Effectiveness of Effectiveness of GuideplanesGuideplanes
Effectiveness of Effectiveness of GuideplanesGuideplanes
•Most effective when:Most effective when:–Parallel to each otherParallel to each other–More than one common More than one common axial surfaceaxial surface
•Most effective when:Most effective when:–Parallel to each otherParallel to each other–More than one common More than one common axial surfaceaxial surface
Effectiveness of Effectiveness of GuideplanesGuideplanes
Effectiveness of Effectiveness of GuideplanesGuideplanes
•Most effective when:Most effective when:–Directly opposing each Directly opposing each otherother
•Most effective when:Most effective when:–Directly opposing each Directly opposing each otherother
Effectiveness of Effectiveness of GuideplanesGuideplanes
Effectiveness of Effectiveness of GuideplanesGuideplanes
•Most Most effective effective when:when:–Prepared on Prepared on several teethseveral teeth
–Cover a large Cover a large surface areasurface area
•Most Most effective effective when:when:–Prepared on Prepared on several teethseveral teeth
–Cover a large Cover a large surface areasurface area
Assessing Guiding Assessing Guiding PlanesPlanes
Assessing Guiding Assessing Guiding PlanesPlanes
Proximal View
Proximal View
Facial ViewFacial View
Carbon Markings
Carbon Markings
IdealIdeal AcceptableAcceptable TooDivergentToo
DivergentTooShortTooShortIdealIdeal AcceptableAcceptable Too
DivergentToo
DivergentTooShortTooShortIdealIdeal AcceptableAcceptable Too
DivergentToo
DivergentTooShortTooShortIdealIdeal AcceptableAcceptable Too
DivergentToo
DivergentTooShortTooShortIdealIdeal AcceptableAcceptable Too
DivergentToo
DivergentTooShortTooShortIdealIdeal AcceptableAcceptable Too
DivergentToo
DivergentTooShortTooShortIdealIdeal AcceptableAcceptable Too
DivergentToo
DivergentTooShortTooShort
Preparing Guiding Preparing Guiding PlanesPlanes
Preparing Guiding Preparing Guiding PlanesPlanes
•Select path of insertionSelect path of insertion•Design Partial Denture Design Partial Denture **•Select number & position Select number & position of guiding planesof guiding planes
•Prepare guiding planesPrepare guiding planes
•Select path of insertionSelect path of insertion•Design Partial Denture Design Partial Denture **•Select number & position Select number & position of guiding planesof guiding planes
•Prepare guiding planesPrepare guiding planes
Use Surveyor to Align Use Surveyor to Align Bur IntraorallyBur Intraorally
Use Surveyor to Align Use Surveyor to Align Bur IntraorallyBur Intraorally
FINGER REST!FINGER REST!FINGER REST!FINGER REST!
BursBursBursBurs
•Long Long CylindricaCylindrical Carbide l Carbide or Diamond or Diamond (8837K (8837K 014)014)
•Long Long CylindricaCylindrical Carbide l Carbide or Diamond or Diamond (8837K (8837K 014)014)
8837K-0148837K-0148837K-0148837K-014
Guiding Plane Guiding Plane DimensionsDimensions
Guiding Plane Guiding Plane DimensionsDimensions
Round Axial Line
Angles
Round Axial Line
Angles
Round Axial Line
Angles
Round Axial Line
Angles2-4 mm1/2-1/3 height
2-4 mm1/2-1/3 height
2-4 mm1/2-1/3 height
2-4 mm1/2-1/3 height
Axial Surface Already Axial Surface Already Parallel to Path of Parallel to Path of
InsertionInsertion
Axial Surface Already Axial Surface Already Parallel to Path of Parallel to Path of
InsertionInsertion
•NO NO PreparationPreparation ! !•NO NO PreparationPreparation ! !
Polish Prepared Polish Prepared SurfacesSurfaces
Polish Prepared Polish Prepared SurfacesSurfaces
•Rubber wheels or Rubber wheels or pointspoints
•Rubber wheels or Rubber wheels or pointspoints
Prepare Guiding Planes Prepare Guiding Planes FirstFirst
Prepare Guiding Planes Prepare Guiding Planes FirstFirst
Effects of Guiding Effects of Guiding Planes On Retention & Planes On Retention &
StabilityStability
Effects of Guiding Effects of Guiding Planes On Retention & Planes On Retention &
StabilityStability
•Maintains Maintains RetentionRetention
•Maintains Maintains RetentionRetention
Effects of Guiding Effects of Guiding Planes On Retention & Planes On Retention &
StabilityStability
Effects of Guiding Effects of Guiding Planes On Retention & Planes On Retention &
StabilityStability
•Minimizes Need for Minimizes Need for RetentionRetention
•Minimizes Need for Minimizes Need for RetentionRetention
Effects of Guiding Planes On Effects of Guiding Planes On Retention & StabilityRetention & Stability
Effects of Guiding Planes On Effects of Guiding Planes On Retention & StabilityRetention & Stability
•StabiliziStabilizing Teethng Teeth
•StabiliziStabilizing Teethng Teeth
Use short guideplanes on Class I & IIUse long guideplanes on Class III & IVUse short guideplanes on Class I & IIUse long guideplanes on Class III & IVUse short guideplanes on Class I & IIUse long guideplanes on Class III & IVUse short guideplanes on Class I & IIUse long guideplanes on Class III & IV
Other Alterations of Other Alterations of Axial ContoursAxial Contours
Other Alterations of Other Alterations of Axial ContoursAxial Contours
•Lowering Heights of Lowering Heights of ContourContour–Rigid elements Rigid elements contacting abutmentscontacting abutments
–Improve estheticsImprove esthetics–Prepare guiding Prepare guiding planes - most planes - most efficient method to efficient method to lowerlower
•Lowering Heights of Lowering Heights of ContourContour–Rigid elements Rigid elements contacting abutmentscontacting abutments
–Improve estheticsImprove esthetics–Prepare guiding Prepare guiding planes - most planes - most efficient method to efficient method to lowerlower
Other Alterations of Other Alterations of Axial ContoursAxial Contours
Other Alterations of Other Alterations of Axial ContoursAxial Contours
• Raising Heights of Raising Heights of ContourContour– Insufficient retention Insufficient retention in gingival 1/3 (at in gingival 1/3 (at least 1mm from gingiva)least 1mm from gingiva)
– Prepare undercutPrepare undercut– Add resinAdd resin above to above to create undercutcreate undercut
• Raising Heights of Raising Heights of ContourContour– Insufficient retention Insufficient retention in gingival 1/3 (at in gingival 1/3 (at least 1mm from gingiva)least 1mm from gingiva)
– Prepare undercutPrepare undercut– Add resinAdd resin above to above to create undercutcreate undercut
Preparing Preparing RetentionRetentionPreparing Preparing RetentionRetention
•Axial surface must be Axial surface must be close to parallel the close to parallel the path of insertionpath of insertion
•Axial surface must be Axial surface must be close to parallel the close to parallel the path of insertionpath of insertion
XXXX
Retentive Preparation Retentive Preparation ShapeShape
Retentive Preparation Retentive Preparation ShapeShape
•Follows the path of Follows the path of designed retentive tipdesigned retentive tip
•Follows the path of Follows the path of designed retentive tipdesigned retentive tip
✔✔✔✔ XXXX XXXX
Creating Undercuts with Creating Undercuts with Bonded ResinsBonded Resins
Creating Undercuts with Creating Undercuts with Bonded ResinsBonded Resins
•Axial surface must be Axial surface must be close to parallel the close to parallel the path of insertionpath of insertion
•Axial surface must be Axial surface must be close to parallel the close to parallel the path of insertionpath of insertion
XXXX
Summary of Abutment Summary of Abutment ModificationsModifications
Summary of Abutment Summary of Abutment ModificationsModifications
•After RPD DesignedAfter RPD Designed– GuideplanesGuideplanes– Lower heights of contour to eliminate Lower heights of contour to eliminate interferences & improve estheticsinterferences & improve esthetics
– Create undercuts if absolutely Create undercuts if absolutely necessary (raising heights of contour)necessary (raising heights of contour)
– Rest seat preparationRest seat preparation
•After RPD DesignedAfter RPD Designed– GuideplanesGuideplanes– Lower heights of contour to eliminate Lower heights of contour to eliminate interferences & improve estheticsinterferences & improve esthetics
– Create undercuts if absolutely Create undercuts if absolutely necessary (raising heights of contour)necessary (raising heights of contour)
– Rest seat preparationRest seat preparation
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