roman architecture is possible because of what amazing discovery?

Final Exam Review Italian Art History

Concrete Roman architecture is possible because of what amazing discovery?

Keystone The _____ is at the center

of an arch. It holds all of the pressure from the surrounding stones.

80,000 The Roman Colosseum

could hold up to _______ spectators

100 When the Colosseum

opened in 80 A.D., it had ______ days of games, which resulted in lots of deaths.

“All the gods” The word Pantheon

literally means ______.

Raphael What famous artist is

buried in the Pantheon?

Oculus At the top of the dome, in

the Pantheon, there is an _____, which literally translates to ‘the eye.’

The Vatican St. Peter’s Basilica is

located in the heart of _____.

Bernini and Michelangelo

What two famous artists designed and completed most of the architecture and artwork in St. Peter’s?

Obelisk In the center of the Piazza

san Pietro (St. Peter’s Square), there is an ________. (Egyptian sun symbol)

Commission To pay an artist to create

an artwork is also known as a ______.

Michelangelo Who sculpted the statue of

David when he was only 25 years old?

Subtractive Sculpture

What technique was used to create the statue of David?

Contrappasto David stands in _____,

which means all of his weight is on one leg.

Frieze The Column of Trajan is

made up of a ____ that, when outstretched horizontally, is 656 ft. long.

St. Peter On top of the Column of

Trajan, Trajan’s statue was replaced by one of ___ so it didn’t get destroyed.

Bernini Who created the Fountain

of the Four Rivers?

Europe, Africa, Asia, & the Americas

The Fountain of the Four Rivers is meant to represent the four rivers of ___

Personification A human figure used to

represent something nonhuman is also known as ____.

Aqua Virgo The Trevi Fountain was

created to commemorate the last surviving aqueduct called ______.

Chiaroscuro A ____ is an effect of

contrasted light and shadow in a 2D artwork

Sfumato In the Mona Lisa, the

colors blend together to create soft edges. This is called ____.

Da Vinci The Mona Lisa was painted

by ____. It is rumored that it is a ‘self-portrait.’

Raphael The School of Athens was

commissioned by the Pope and painted by _____.

Three-Point Perspective

In the School of Athens, which of the following does not draw your attention to the focal point:› One-point perspective› The gaze of the onlookers› Three-point perspective› The placement of the centered figures

Old Testament In the Sistine Chapel, over

300 human figures were painted from what book?

Michelangelo The Sistine Chapel was

painted by which famous Renaissance artist?

Muscular definition of their Bodies

Michelangelo emphasized what in his figures?

Fresco When colored pigments

are added to wet plaster and allowed to dried, it creates a ____.

Religious Cults The Villa of Mysteries

recorded one of the many ______ within Pompeii.

20,000 Pompeii was a thriving city

with approximately _____ inhabitants.

Mt. Vesuvius What volcano erupted,

trapping the city in twenty feet of ash?

79 AD In what year did Mt.

Vesuvius erupt?

It preserved all aspects of daily life and the art of ancient Italy

What is the significance of the incident at Pompeii?

The body plaster casts

Pompeii is mostly known for the _______, which are still a controversial issue to this day.