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Rise of the Ottoman Empire

Turkish Delight

Mainly the Roman empire Characterized by the shifting of pagan

rituals in Rome to a Greek Christian religion based in Constantinople

Byzantine Empire 500-1500 C.E.

Fall of the Byzantine Empire

Response by Turks to the declining Byzantine Empire

Main Religion: Islam Situated just south of Constantinople

Ottoman Empire 1299-

A series of wars lead to the expansion of Ottoman empire from the territories below Constantinople to the surrounding areas

Fall of Constantinople 1453 Destruction of the last vestiges of the

Byzantine Empire

Rise of the Empire 1299-1453

Very important Christian city Economic powerhouse Trading hub

Constantinople

Fuelled by Constantinople the Ottoman empire expands deep into Europe

Expansion 1453-1566

Sultan Islamic for, strength, or dictator Un-disputed ruler

Government

Religious and ethnic minorities were allowed to manage their affairs with relative autonomy

3 distinct classes Christians were able to be governed under

Canon Law (Christian Law) Jews under the Halakha (Jewish Law) Muslims under the Sharia (Islamic Law)

Tolerance – The millet

Although still expanding up until 1600, the empire was beginning to decay under weak sultans

Whereas previous sultans were very progressive, new sultans were conservative, stifling innovation

E.g. the printing press lagged 100 years after the invention before widespread use in Constantinople

Termed the “devils machine” 1683 The Battle of Vienna

Ottoman Empire checked by the Holy Roman Empire and Poland

Decay

Many nations had gained independence Egypt, Arabia, Algeria, Greece, Serbia,

Montenegro If still administered by Ottoman, in name

only Egypt and others began to become under

British and French Influence

1850’s

First modern war Troop movements on train Modern telegraph used

Britain, France, Kingdom of Sardinia and Ottoman Empire fight and defeat the Russians

Was a war to stop Russian Expansion into the Balkans

over the “sick man of Europe” (Ottoman Empire)

War! - Crimean 1853-56

The break up of the Ottoman Empire lead to new nations but many problems

Some nationalities were in two different nations such as the Serbs

Repercussions for WWI

Eventual Break Up

The Ottoman empire was an Islamic empire that although initially was very politically and ethnically liberal eventually reverted to a regressive conservative ideology that eventually destroyed them

Conclusion