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TERMS OF AOVBR TUINO.itMl Kl LTOM & PIUCB, PROPRIETORS,o rhorn all letters on business must be addressed.

PULTON, Editor.... A. L. PRICE, Associate Editor.Terms of Subscription.

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STATES OF AMERICA WILMINGTON, N. C, THURSDAY MORNING, NOV'lt 27, 1862. NO. 9.

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VOL. 19. . CONFEDERATE

FvrrythiDg has a tendency upward in th came proport-ion- ltaiher, woolen clo;h acd cotton good. ha?e beenmade the 1 special means of extortion. Aa if we wire notioffieiently cfflicted with, the base and tvaricions in ourwn midst, uperu atora from distant htates swarm in thelaud, cflt ring tbulous prices for everything they can boy.And m many instances, taking advantage of the patriotismot our people, they represent themseUes as "agents of theooven ment, pnicbaBing f r the army thus obu ioing whatthey could not o do. The supply of Bait will, J

pe, rf Buffitfenf, but ttis subject too needs legislative ac-tii.- p.

I r. Wr.ith, th) p t commissioner appoi ted j theConvention' ha been inoutri uly at worn ; but he busnot produced a great quantity, owing t the diffioultieswhich he ha mentioned in hi reports. His Grit works, atM"iehrad City, were taken by the f nemy before he hidfairly gotten them ioto oj.eiat.ion. His next effort at, Wil-mington ws successful in produ ii'g about 250 bushels perdav, for time before thy were interrupted by theye low fever, which baacaued teir temporary su3pen-ioo- .As the postiltnce has abated they will ut course be imme-diately as aio j.ut into operation. Tne who'e amount madethere by the Mate and private individuals, rrobabh ex-ceeds 2, 5t0 ba he:8 per day. early allot this mada onprivate rfc.uut is bonzht by citiz hs of other Stdtes acdcarried ( ft for specnUtion, at prices ra; girg from $12 to$20 per bu hel.

My pr aecessor, Gov. Clark, also entered into a coutrectthrough N. W. Woocfin and Geo. W. Mordecai, tsq s., withStewart, Buchanan A Co.. ol Saltv.lle, Va., for tne privi-lege of miDutacturicg 300.000 bushels ot salt, and MrWoocfia W8s made Superintendent of the Works. ' Withccmrr.endable energy he has pushed forward his undertak-ing, and there ar now, as reported t;i m hy a fpecialagent sent to visit the estabiishm nt, about 20D kettles inoperation, ruating near 1200 bushels pt r day. Owing tohis sitKness the buperiutendant has made no rffi ;ial re- -port to me of hU operations and expen Jitu; es

1 recommena iHiit your Honorable bod nhall take imme-diate Bteps to prevent the exportatioa from the ate ofsalt, leather, woolen c.oth. cotton cloth, yam, porkand i8Con, flour and potatoes except for the arm andby regular agents ot the government; and except whenparchaced by any county and corporate t u horiti a of onrsister States, under men regulations a amount to su-isfaco-

proof lhat Buch articles are for p ivate Ute, orcharitable distribution to the poor of such counties, iowub,&cM and not for speculation not. however, in violation orany existing contracts made by our citizens with ci'izens ofother States. This is a 1 the remedy I can bu; gest lor theevils of extortion history and eomrnoa sense Laving taughtus the danger of trving to foice trade, which refuses to begoverr.ed by any but natural laws. A li we can do is to a dthese wi tsuolisfied laws, as the skilful physician assistsnature in the checkn g of disease. Violent and forciblemeasures Lave lor;g hince been condemned b civilizedBtatermen, and could now only serve to dry up the sourcesof our industry, and lessen the productions ot the country.The eame lemarks ppK to seizures of private propertyfor public use, which ought never to be resorted to exceptin extreme cases, and then only as a temporary expe-dient.

To provide against the possible Buffering of the wives andchildren of our brave and self-denyin- soldiers, I also re-spectfully recommend the purchasing and storitg at somesafe point in the interior, of at least two hnndred thousandbushels of corn and five hundred thousand pounds of pork,to te t o'd to them at rafes sufficient to cover the coat, trans --

portaticn, &c. It can now be bought in the Eastern countiesat moderate prices, and U in danger of destruction v theenemy, if not removed at an early da'. Anticipating thenecessity ot this measure, and as; thinking it proper in amilitary point of view to havs b ine surplus on hand, 1 ha-- e

already crdeied the building cf large cribs on the N. C. R.Read, and mace other preliminary arrangements lor Dur--chasiug ou a large scale.

1 1 cfm this a matter of the very highest importanceNothing would so cheer and encourace our soldiers in thedischarge of duty, as to know that therr Hate was nrovi- -

dingfor those at home dearer to them than life fand nothing would bo dispint and demoralize them as to know thatthose dear ones were srsflering.

Indeed, the soldier, shivering through the tjnowa of thecoming winter and offering his bl iod day by day for 'ourdefence, his a right to expect that his country will not per-mit hit wi!e and liit'e ones to crv in vain for bread; andwhile there is a morsel in the land it should be divided withthem. I bejoou, therefore, Gentlemen, to make such pro-visions as you may deem best in reference to the matter,and at as en) ly day as possible, and let the grfltilying assu-rance go forth to ihe camps of onr armies that the wives land children of our soldiers shall not suffer so long as theirState has money or food to give them.

I beg leave to call your attention to the great and almostinsurmountable difficulties encountered by the Quarter-master's Department in providing clothing, Bhoes, andblanLets ft r our troops. During the administration of mypredecessor, an arrangement was entered into (accordingto a resolution of the General Assembly) with the Quarter-master's Department of the Confederate States, by whichNorth Carolina was to receive the commutatirn clothingmoney of her troops and clothe and shos them herselfAnd on our agreeing to sell the Confederate authorities allthe surplus supplies that could be procured ia the State,they agreed to withdraw their agents from cur markets,and leave the S,tate agent3 the whole field, without compe-tition. This would have enabled the State to clothe andshoe her troops comfor' ably, and could have furnished tothe Confederate Sta'es all tuat was to be had anyhow atreasonable rates. Rut it wbb immediately violated. Thecountry was soon, and U still, swarming with agents of theConfederate Government, Btrippirg bare our markets andputting enormous prices upon our agents. This is espe-cially the case in regard to Bhoes and leather. The conse-quence bus been cur troops cou'd get only half suppliesfrom home, and nothing at all from the Coafedera'e Gov-ernment, because of cur agreement to furnish them our-B- t

lves. When a large ponion of our army thi3 fall by theaccidents of batt e and other causes lost their bagsrage, itwas found impossible at onceto replace it. Sorely pressedas to the best course to be pursued, I published an appealto our peo de in behalf of their brothers ia the field, andemployed the militia officers lor the collection ot articlesdonated or sold ; and though the response has been at oncegratifying and patriotic, yet it is necessarily Blow and un-

certain ; and I regret to Bay that the heroes of Boonsboro',Sharpshurg and other glorious fields, have sufleied and arestill Buffering greatL tor the want ol shoes and clothing.Kvtry possible exertion has been made for their relief; butwhile the agents of the Confederacy are allowed to competew:th ours, and speculators are adowtd to carry our leatherbeyond our borce B, it will be inipcsMb!e to supply them.

I earnestly recommend an embargo upon this artic e, asbefore mentioned. 1 am gra'ined iratlam able to statethat th prospect of obtaioiog cotton cloths at reasonablemtes, is better than it has .been. The stockholders of theRockfish manufacturing company, one of the large t ar--

most enterprising iu the State, Lave agreed to eeb all theirproductions at 7o per cent upon cost, the rate allowed 0the exemption bill, which will reduce the price about onehalf ; an 1 si mo skven or c'ght other companies have intimated an intention of following their praise worth-exa-

pie. We may reasonably hope ihitmoHt of thi 0 her mil.'in the State can be induced to do likewise. The woolenfactories sem more incorrigible, bome of them whenasked to lurnish their goods at 75 per cent, declined entirely, and others agree to do 83 by fixing enormous profi e onhe cost ot the raw material and then adding the 7o'f)ercent, on the finished article, making their proa s evengreater than before. It i greatly to ce regretted that themost uselul and institutions should putthemse ves in a position, which wi.l cause tbem .0 be execrated by our people on the return f race. Bus as thefree trsde policy oppressed tnera in times 01 peace, bothey seem determined to have no mercy upon us duiing theexis'ence ot the war. i recommend them to your lendermercies gentlemen, and wonld respectfully suggest thatyou adopt such measures as may seem practicable for se-

curing supplies to our own citizens fir6t; and to reduce itpossible the price of cotton yarn, which is bo essential tosupplying the hand looms of oar farmer's wives.

In relation to ordnance.

stoies, I will meniion that nearly1 V !a year ago, a contract was maue Dy my preaeceor, una-- r

aa act ol tne Liegisiaiure appropr aung siu.uuv ior mepurpose, with Messrs. Waterhouse &. Bowes, for the erec-tion of powder mills. The money was expended, the millserected and soon afterwards blown up and destroyedGov. Clark agreed to furnish them the means to 6tartagain; and under a now contract they have erected othermills and are now nearly ready to begin operation on ascale sufficient to make about 4.000 pounds per week.

This however, involved an expenditure of money beyondthat appropriated by the act referred to; $12,000 havingbeen advanced the contractors oy uov. uiaiKana 3:uuuby myself.

Ot these sum?, tne money advanced Dy uev. Claris is 10

be refunded in four equal annual instalments, and that byme by reserving 10 per cent, of the payments (as they be- -

t . .. K. l.i ..... c.n. n u rnCOme UUC Uli JlUWUCl IU UO lUIUI.iiCU LUC L L -- C J 113 uuu- -

federate States will furnish the mills with about 3,000pounds of nitre per wees.

The department has contracted wit 1 manufacturers rnthe State for about 300 new r.fla per month, and arrange-ments have been made whereby, after the 1st cf January,about 300 old rifles and muskets out of repair will be ren-

dered fit for service. And it is hoped the department willtoon be able to keep on - hand a supply for five thousandmen. A detailed report of the operations of the AdjutantGeneral's department is herewith appended.

The finances of the State will doubtleBS engage your anx-ious consideration.

The Board of Claims, in pursuance of Ordinance No. 20.,Fact. 5. passed in December. 1861. bave made a reportshowinir the debt of the State on the 30th Sept. 1862, to be$20.983. 36 1 01. subiectto be diminished by the amount ofthe sinking fund : at that time about $900,000, and the debtdue the State from the Confederate government, betweenfive or six nrllons. Still the State debt is very heavy, aalthe interest at least oneht to be punctually paid. Thereare three diBtinct modes of supplying the requisite sum ;

one by taxation, a second by an additional issue of treasury notes, and a third by getting from the Confederate Gov-ernment the f nm due the State. Indeed this sum, whenreceived, ought to be applied forthwith to the extinguishment of the debt of.the State, as far as it will go ; for itconstitutes a part of ths capital of the State debt, and oughtto fee applied, when returned, towards the xtinction ofthat amount of its capital. Upon correct principles therefore of fiaanicial econmy, tie debt ought not to be allowedto c-oa- r any larger, 11 practicable to prevent it. And ifthe payment of the entire amount of laterest cannot beprovided for by taxation, as much at least, as possible,ought to be so raised, in regard to tne subject ot taxation, interesting at all times, and rendered doubly so atthis evenvfol crisis, I bave bat few remarks to makeThere has been aach a disturbance in the industrial pursuits of the country within a very recent period, that it is

Pr 8quar. of 10 line. or leM--., m arane.One square, 1 insertion, i.......... . noDo. do. ao....,4, i ftDo. do. r ; 2 0a -

Do. do. ? oonmi wiuouicnange, 5 q0 -Do, do. '6 do. ...do .do .....It. 8 00Do. do. li do. . .do. .... do --".......15 00Do. do. 6 do.. renewed weekly , ...2000 'Do. do. 12 An An.. An.. :3i rm- -

AdTertisemootq nrAA tn be continued on th inaif.charged 374 cents per square for each insertion after the fli st.

JWNo advertisement, reflecting upon private character,can, under art cieccmstamoks, be admitted. .

The Ularfyr Blumrord.This departed hero, whos9 blood ia yet unavenged ia

referred to by "Uressent," the author of "Sketches of &Returned Prisoner," in th8 following manner :

The deliberate murder of poor Mamford by Butler,for being connected with the hauling down of the Uni-ted States flag from o2 the Mint, before the Abolition '.,forces occupied New Orleans, is well kuown by theworld but some of the circumstances have not beenpublished. For two weeks before the death of poorMumford, hi3 wife went daily to Butler the Brute tointercede for her unfortunate-husban- ; but her agonizing

supplications and affecting appeals were mads to adepraved Beast, lost to all sense of feeling, decency orhonor. B ;tler had no ear tor tales of sorrow no heartfor the pitiful pleadings of the innocent and helpless.Not only were the poor wife's appeals for mercy disre-garded, bnt she was treated with a shameful want of re-

spect, for Butler often laughed at her misery, and taunt-ingly invited her to call again. The guard 01 dutyabout Butler's office in the Customhouse were moved byMrs. Mumford's great distress, and when ehe appeareddaily they knew her at once, and respectfully allowedher to pass into the presence of the tyrant without re- -

straint. But all her faithful devotion and untiring ef-

forts were unavailing Batler waa thirsty for tho bloodof poor Mumford.

Wfhcn this brave martyr was about to be murdered,he stood forth in all the proud dignity of a man con-

scious of having done nothing to sully his good namethe only inheritance he could leave bis neart-broke- n fam-ily. Mumford embraced the opportunity given him tosay a few last words. None who heard him can everforget tbem. Hjs voice was strong and clear. Look-in- sj

up at the stars and stripes that floated high over thesc:ne before him, and pointing upwards, he said withgreat firmness and deliberation :

44 1 once loved and honored that flag. I fonght underitrLjtice. But it has become hateful to me. 1 helped topull it down, trail it in the dust, and tear it in pieces.Under the circamstances, I felt that I wa3 doing right 1

would do so again. I consider that my manner ofdeath will be no disgrace to my wi'e and child. Mycountry will honor them. I die in a holy cause. Fare-well to alH"

Let the name of Mumford, tli3 second great martyrof this revolution, stand prominently beside that of thenoble Jackson ; and on the truthful records of the his- - .

tory ot this war, their names will be honored for theiracts of patriotic devotion, while their memories will begratefully cherished for their heroic self-Eacrifie-eJ

- Unci for Ihe Navy.FPa-ED- COMPLETION THE NINE MONITORS DE-

PENDING ON AN EXPERIMENT THE TURRETS ALLBORED LIKE THE PASSAIC'S.''he question has been askedso often of iate, "when

will we nave iron-clad- s ready to fight," that it i3 worthwhile to answer it definitely. We believe that the timespecified in the contract between Mr. Ericsson and theGovernment has expired, yet three vessels of his firDtnice are not yet launched, and not one of those that arecan be called ready for sea. The Navy Departmenthas sent on here officers for the Passaic, but that vesselwill not be turned over to them until the problem is de-

cided whether a cannon ball can be fired without pro-truding through a port-hol- e. Yesterday, at Greenpoint,workmen were engaged in making an iron box near tothe port, in which the gun is supposed to move.

The worst of it's, that tho turrets now ready for allnine Tron-cla- d batteries are bored like the Passaic's. IfMr. Ericsson's new theory is impracticable, they willeither bave to be cut wider, or 11-inc- h guns mu3t suf-

fice. Now the labor of boring through or cutting awayany part of an iron wall 11 inches thick is so great, thatwere all the craft otherwise ready for sea, it would de-

tain them some two or three weeks, perhaps more.The recent dhTiculiies experienced in firing the gaa

within the turret have not disheartened the inventor.Another trial is resolved upon before he abandons hisidea, although the generality of naval offi3er3 do not seehow it caa wook. Meantime the iron-clad- s are wanted,the time is up, and tha public begin to look to the Na-vy Department for work.

No new iron-cla- d vessels at present progressing canbe ready for hostile duty this month, except the Pas-saic. If the nest trial fails, she too will be delayed.There is no reason why four of these vessels could notbe ready for sea by the 1st or Decomber, although --

almost every one ordered to them txpec'. i to spend theChristmas on .shore.

Notwithstanding the good service performed by theMonitor, her nine ' sister-ships- " are mere experimentsin some points. In speed they fail in every instance tocome up to the mark. The Passaic, in toleroble water,cannot make more than seven knots, acd that with aclean new bottom. In strong sea tides she would beworthless even for cjasting, except she wa3 towed, andcou'd not keep her headway. This h only the fault ofthe engines, which sieni tohavebee-- built exclusivelyfor haibor locomotion. The Monitor's journey to Wash-ington proved that vessels whose bottoms collect filthso rapidly ought to have more powerful and better ma-

chinery than that of the Passaic or Pontauk.It is, therefore, obvious that persons expecting iron- -

e'ed rt'inforc?ments for our eq oadrons mast be patient.TLcir victories cannot be included in the thanksgivingbenefits.

The reports in some journals about the perfect suc-

cess of the tew vessels before they are tried, should Ijetaken like laudanum, very cautiously. N. Y. Times.

From tho Jackson Kisaissippian, Iu v. 'Oth.

A 10a 1 k IT.y for Jackkon.Yesterday afternoon, about three o'clock, a terrifio

explosion took place at the Arsenal in thia cily. blow-

ing up the Magezine, and producing a fearful shockthroughout th2 city and its suburbs, killing all thehands engaged in making cartridges, and completelydestroying ail the vast military stores that had been gath-

ered there. The scene after the explosion is described asheart-rendin- g. Mangled .bodies of men, women andgirl?, who had been employed in making cjrtridges, werescattered in every direction !

Many bodies were so terribly lacerated aa to renderrecognition wholly impossible. We are not able try-da- y

to give the names of-th- at .ill-fate- d band about thirty-fou- r

who were so hurriedly ushered into eternity, orthe extent of the loss sustained in the munitions of war,but wiil do so to morrow. The ; ight wus dreadful inthe highest degree, and the lo83 of ammunition heavy.Jackson will long remember and mourn the sad occur-rence.

Courtesies of War. The Selma (Ala.) Reporterstates that II. M. JoLes, of that place, recently appliedto Gen. Fitz John Porter, the Federal commander, forpermission tQ. enter hi3 lines to attend hi'3 soa, who waswounded at Sharpsburg. He received the followingreply :

SuErARr-BTowN-, Va., Oct. 25, 1862,

lleadq'is, 5th Army Corps, J

Fib : In reply to your communication of jeste"rday, Ideeply regret having to convey to ycu the sad icteliiger.eeof the death of your son, It. 1. Jones, 41th Alabama regi-ment volantcers, on the 7 h instant, from the effects of agun&hot wound rece:ved at the battle of Antie;am.

Sympathizing with you ia thia your hour of allliction, Iam yoar ob't fcerv't,

F. J. PoitTEft, Major-General.- -

The Reconstruction of the Nat. The recon-

struction of the navy is still in progress, but the ex-

periments which are made from day to day Bhow thenecessity of proceeding with caution. The Warricrclas3 of iron-plate- d ships has not entirely realized tieidea of a perfect iron ship of war, and it is now. Etatedthat the Admiralty are builuing a vessel from the planof Mr. Reed, which is to embody the strength and invulnerability of the A arnor with the saa-goin- g quali-ties of 6maher vessels. This gentleman, it is said, hasdiscovered the principle upon which vessels of one fifth

the tonnage of the Warrior may be made to carryplates of equal w.eight. London Times.

Abraham was eo anxious, uneasy and impatientabout tne elections that he sat up all night by the Telegraphic operator. The returns did not please bim atall. He said he thought be wa3 "some punkins" atgrinning and bearing bad new3, but "this was the cus-sede- st

luck ever be seed." He went home at day

break, where gossip adds, that he was not comforted.

Gen. Ewell. rThU distinguished efficer arrived inRichniond on Saturday eight last by the Centeral train-- He

still suffers much irom tie Ioes of his leg and weunderstand, comes to Richmond to have a second opera-tion performed, the removal of portions ol the remain-i- n

g bone being deemed necessary.

ckly, cne year, invariably in advance,. $2 60pi.v 8 00t. months. 4 30

it 2V5( " (lor, troops in camp only,) 75. i persons subscribing for this paper since the 29th of

157, will have their papers discontinued on expi- -

i, ,.i the time paid lor. All rormer subscribers cun. tuuli r this rule, if thej desire to do bo.

i rolessional and Business Cards.

x. W. F. KENDALL, J. fl. KENDALL.COX, KKM1ALL, Ot CO.

COMMISSION MERCHANTS AND W HO LEGALE GRO- -

1 ..!". xo. 11 a u, isorin water m. .

, '. V'lttl, 9-- tf

AI.EXAMJKH OLDHAM,vi: ALEK IN GRAIN, AND COMMISSION MER- -

J CHAM. h

Wilmington, N. c.1'tvmpt attention riven to the sale of Coiwn, Flour, lla- -

,vn ami other Country Produce.

WAl''' JIK A UK!?,. .- n r T l 4 f d T FT V J" 1 w

No. 45 Market Stkket.A t'lil etocK 01 aieuiciues, rauis, uus, window tilass,

l,,ir liniHhefl, Paint Uruseea, Toilet Soaps, Fancy Articles,

l i e aiteritioE of Physicians is especially called to the... !( of Medicines, vhich are warranted as being pure.

Nnvt inher 'l", 1S59.

WILLIAM II. L7PPITT,X fllOI.ESALE AND RETAIL DRUGGIST, and Dealer in) Paints. Oils, Dye Stuffs, Window Glass, Garden Seeds,

: ry, Patent Medicines, Lc. fcc., corner of Front andi' . (usu., immediately opposneoaAW s 01a siana wuming- -

u'S. 'V 6

JOSKPII L. KEEN,lON'TRACTOR AND BUILDER, respectfully informo the; iiublic that he is prepared to take contracts in his lineb .iiuesH. He keeps constantly on hand, Limk, Cement,

Plahtkbino Uais, Philadelphia Pkkss Bbick, Fikii

. H. To Distillers of Turpentine, he Is prepared to put, tii at the shortest notice May 20 37-l-

..i lll ,11 Mill I II Mill T

For Sale and to Let.

VALVAULK SOUSD LANDS FO II SALK."HE SUBSCRIBER, wishing to move tohis late pnrcKase

' in S. Caro.'iua, cflers for sale his Planfation on Topsail,i;:nl, 12 milH trom Wilmington, containing over five hun-- .

I acres of the best quality Pea Nutt lacd. About halfr the tract is now und r cultivation. Also, a email.ic t of piney ianfl, lying in front of said place, on the main, :i 1 leading to Wilndngton. These land are principallyi the S;und, convenient for fish andoysterf orformak'Dg. -a:.l are believed to be as"d sirably located es any

(n the Sound. There id about one hundred acresit tlii very best re i nana, reaay 10 cear, a portion 01

La-- t iilreudy been deaded, and contains a large, Miitity of reasoned trees, the very best for boiling

aii-a- nd convenient to the Sound. Persona wishinato.a j 1 a 11 a

D ire nafte a ueiraoie rehiaence wonia 00 wcu 10 eidiniuej prt inises. Terms made easy.

N. V. --NIXON.c. Sf, im. 17-t- f

Drugs, MedicineSr Paints, Oils, &c.

PA I.TSPA INTS.WfllTE LEAD ;

Snow White Zinc ;" White Gloss Zinc ;

Linseed 0:l, Varnish, Patent Dryers, &c. For sale wholere and reta'1, by W. H. L1PPITT,j,'eh. 1T. Drnerist, A Chemist.

Educational.

KICIILAND ACADEMY.T'lIM NFXT SKS-IO- N of this In?titntion will open oni MoL'lay, the tith of Cctober. The Principal feeis j

in fcar; to the public, that the course of instructionh:ch he is piepaied to give students in 1 his School is as

:;i iiouh a:id complete as that ot any other of similar gradein the Mate. All who patronize the'School may dependi.poti this, tlat cartiul attention wid be paid to the Stn-u'n'- s,

and Bptcial ttl'irt n.nd-- lor their advanctmcnt inN.'ii'fy, hoping that entire satisfaction shall be given to pa-trons.

TKHMH OF U'lTION AHK, J'EK SES.-I0- OF 5 MONTHS.or 1 atin and Greek. Ac, $1S

r or Ui higher branches of English and the tcienct'B, . . 12

For the comrrKii branches, 8

Boarding can be obtained in good families convenient tothe School at $10 to J 12 per month.

L. (1. WOODWAKD, Triccipal.Oct. 2.1, 1.SC2 6--

General Notices.

TO '1 111; llfclli AT L A AV OK LEMl'KL CUEHUY,JJECKASKD.

HAVE in my hands eighteen hundred dollars, receivedI ou account of sales of the real estate cf said deceased,and which is now ready for distriuti-n- . I will not expectto pav interest alter the publication of this notice.

J HIE PEARS ALL, C. M. E.Duplin, N. C, 1st Oct.. 18G2 G--

Hist It!t-ti'- or Ills Kxcellen-y- ,

GOV. ZEBULON B. VANCE,TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF XOliTII CARO

LINA.

The Honor aile, the General AsxwdZy :

Certainly a Legislature has rever .been convened in the;tate oi ;orih i aro ina to protect gretter iaterests oriLeet greater responsibilities.

Eighteen months sgo. whn the State entered into thewhich ia now waging, all was life and buoyancy and

exSitejjent. The novelty of onr undertaking, acd the en-thu-- ,i

isu.-- i of our people in support of cur cause, not onlyn nieied 'ho course of the Lfg slature and the Executive

hut a. Anally preceded and marked it out. Bat them citiitin nance ot the coDtest, the Blaugi'er cf our sol-ili.-r-

the occupation of our territory by the enemy, the.i 'ni rue lion of cur hemes, and the. blockaded condition o!ou-coii- have iedu ed us to b rait, aLd given rise t ac'.ms of eils, in the presence of which ephemeral patri-ot i, in must perist, and the tinsel enthusiasm ot noveltjRive place to that stern and deterinintd devotirn to ourcanse, which alone can eustain a revolution.

It now th3 daty of yon, the General Aenembly,to set an example to your constituents of firmness, pru-dence, determination and energy ; to correct the errors otshe pair, to provide for the ex'gmcios of the future,' andto me well and wiseiy the power vested m your bdy bythe Constitution, for the protection cf ourrightB and liber-ties.

The svibjectof first importance is the prosecution ot thewar, and tne mens ol defending our State against the

oi the etterey. The Legislatare, by Beveial acts inisu, provided that, in case the Confederate Governmentshould fail or neglect to provide for the defence of NorthCarolina, the Governor should ba authorized to raise acer-ta.- o

1. utnbcr ot troops for that purpose, and made appro-priations of money for tht-i-r support. Impressed with thedefenceless condition oi onr eastern counties when 1 cameinto oflicn, I ha 1 fully determined to avail myself of this au-

thority, and would have proceeded at once to do bo, butfor the intervention of insurmountable difficulties. Theprinc pal of tbetc was the consciipt law passed by the Con-

federate Congress ubseq ieot to the passage of the severalacts referred to. By th s law, as extended in its prov sionsa short time before ihe adjournment of Congress, all ab ebod.el men. between tne ages of eighteen and forty-fiv- e

years, becamu liable to enrollment a soldiers of the Con-

federate States. To raiso an adequate force for State de-

fence from our cKiz ;na beyond the age of forty-five- , andsubmit to thU vast drain besides, I thought entirelyimpracticable. I hoped, too, that by aiding and assistingiu the execution of the conscription law, I wonld be effec-

tually providing for State defence. This reasonable hopehas, 1 regret to say, been disappointed ; and althoughNorth Carolina has a greater extent of sea coast than anyother State, 6he has had fewer troops given her for its de-

fence.It is cot necessary, gentlemen, that I ehonld call yonr at-

tention to the abounding wealth of this threatened eectionof our State filled with everything necessary for the com-fort cf our army and our people or to the Euflering andruin of its loyal, patriotic inhabitants. You are sufficient-ly informed in regard thereto. It is for you, therefore totay, whether you will Btffer onr defences as heretofore, toremain cxclcsively in the hands of the Confederate author-ities, or take Btepa to carry out the will of the last Legis I

lature, and raise troops enough on State authority tostrengthen the weak hasd of the General Government ononr coast.

I unhesitatingly recommend the raising of at least tenregiments of t& erves, to be accepted for three or fourmonths, und dismissed ia time to pitch their crops in theHnrintf.

This force, at military to the Confederate troops, wouldDrobablv be able to prevent an advance of the enemy intothe interior, and while subsisting on the abundant suppliesia our eastern counties could benefit the whole State, byaiding in withdrawing vast quantities of provisions fromex- -oosed rjomts.

Inasmuch as it mav beconi9 necessary for Blave labor tobe employed on State defences, and my authorisy to forcesuch labor may be questioned by some, I would respectfully recommend the nroDrietv of the paBsing of an actwhereby such authority may be vested in me in case suchurgent necessity snail arise, as will justity it.

Next to the defence of the State irom the enemy in importance, is the defence of our people againBt extortionand starvation. Notwithstanding the failure of the cropsiin the

.it:..Western part of the

tState,

1it ia .believed. that

.there

ia wnmu our Doroers an aDunaance ot gram lor tne Bup- -

piy 01 our people, and a surplus for the use of the armyThe lands heretofore devoted to cotton and tobacco havebeen planted in corn very generally, and the crop of thisessential pruuucu iu pernaps larger Dy many hundredthousand bushels than has ever been known. When thisis considered, together with the immense crop of peas,potatoes, fruits, Ac, there would seem to be litt e dangerof any actual suffering among our people nor would therebe, could it all be properly distributed and at reasonableprices. But the demon of speculation and extortion seemsto have seized upoa nearly all sorts and conditions if men,and all the necessaries of life are fast getting beyond thereach of the poor.

Flour, which if properly left to the laws of supply anddemand could not have risen to more than double peacerates, caa now be wed only bj the rioa. '

lX$

In conclusion, gentlemen, allow me to urge upon yon thevital importance of bricging forth all the powei sand re-

sources of the Btate for the common defence of our coun-try and our cause. The two great dangers we have to meetwill be found connected with our currency and supplies foronr rmy. Men enough to protect us and drive baok theinvader, we can always get, If we, can properly cloth? andfeed them. Let us do this and preserve our paper from de-preciation and all will be well. In our intercourse with theauthorities of our young Confederacy, having demandedurm'y the rights which are du9 onr State, let us yield themto grcdjiicg support, but in all things pertaining to thegeneral weal, Buataia and strengthen them with our wholehearts. And in all our official acts let us remember, thatit is the spirit of the people which tyrants cannot subdue.On this depends all. So long as .they continue harmonious,willing, felf-acrifici- the united armies of this continentmay ht hurled against us in vain ; with such a country andsuch a people we nr'ght e et them at defiance. Our heroicBoldiers, shivering in their rags and plashing with theirnaked feet through the snows nave already, even throughthe chronicles of our foes, excited the wondering educat-ion of the world, and great Gemrals and brave people be-

yond the distant waters of the sea stand aghast with aston-ishment at the feats of freemen strurgling for their righte.Let uslaarn f them, and by Zealand discretion displayed forthe general good, show the world that we are worthy topreside over these gallant and patriotic iien.

Many of the matters to which I have called your atten-tion, if done at all, require to be done promptly. This isespecially the case ia regard to the raising of troops forState defense, and to layiu; an embargo upon the necessa-ries of life refei red to.

Remember lastly, that you are laboring for the very sal-vation of onr people. The bitter cup that our capturedcities and districts have had to drink, shows ns, alas ! tooplainly, the mercy w are to excect if our abolition foesshould overcome ns. In the bitterness ol their baffljd ragethey have even shown a determination to re-ena- the hor-rors ot Saint Domingo and to let loose the hellish passionsof servile insurrection to revel in the desolation of onrhemes. The people cf the next generation will bless thememory of those who, whether in the field or the council,helped to rescue their conatry from these horrors. Let uslabor to deserve their praise, and my the blessing of Godattend our soldiers and our statesmen, who are strugglingto defend a noble people acd a noble cauee.

Z P. VASCf.Executive Department, Nov. 17th, 1852.

The Splilt of Ihe IitvaeUil. IThe following addre?s to the Spanish people, i a their

darkest hiur cf invasion by Napoleoh, is so applicable toour present potiti.n, that we print it as if intended for ourselves :

Submit? Do these sophists kn jw to whatthey aivise tha most high-minde- d nation on earth? Itwould be a stain without example in our aunafs. if, aftersucTi efforts, such ineredibl . events, we were to fall at thefeet of the crwned slave i '.0 has rein sent to us as- - King.

Ynnr hnnspo are rlpatrnTiifl , vnnr c.linrrhfH rlfl- -W J - J v - - -

molished ; your fields laid waste ; your families dispersedand wandering through the country, or hurried into thegrave. Have we made eo many sac ifices bave the namesof war consumed half Spam, that we should abandon theotl er half to the far more deadly peace which the enemyprepares for it ? for no rne will beguile himself wi h theiraidious parade of the improvements which the Frenchhold out. The TaTtar who commands them has decreedthat Spain shall have neither industry, nor commerce, norpopulation, nor political representations whatever :

To be mad?.a waste and solitary shiepwalk for supplyingFrench manufactures with our wools ; to become a nurse-ry of men who may be hurried awav to slaughter. Such isthe destiny he would impoee upon the most highly favoredof all countries ! bhall we, then submit to thia ?Ungrateful and perlidous race, Bhall our sacrifices be iavain, and is cur blood of no e8timatiouin your eyes ? No,patriots! rest in peace, and let not that bitter thoughtdisturb the quiet of your sepulchres. There is no peacethere can be none in this state of things ! That Spaia maybe free, ia the universal wish of the nation; and if thatcannot be obtained, at least it may become onaimmsasedesert, one wiae grave, where the accomulated rema'ns ofFrench and Spaniards may exhibit to future ages our gloryacd their shs me. Bat fortune is not so inimical to virtueas to leave to ita defenders only this melancholy terir ina-tio- n.

It rewritten iu heaven, and tb.3 history of a!l ages at-tests the truth, that a people who decidedly love their lib-erty and independence raust ultimately establish them, iadespite of ail the arti3ces and ail the vio!nce of tyranny.Victory, which is so often a gift of fortune, ia, sooner orlater, the reward of constancy. What defended the littlerepablics of Greece from the barbarous invseion of Xerxes ?

What reconstructed the Capitol when it was al ncst destroy --

61 byth8 GauB? What preserved it fronrthe mighty armscf Hannibal ? What, in times nearer our own, protectedthe Swiss from German tyrannv, and gave independence toHolland iu spite of the power of oar ancestors 1

Spaniirda, the Junta announces to yoa frankly what hashappened on the continent, becanse it woald not have youigaorant for a moment of the now danger which threatenstne conatry. They aanounce it in the confidence that, in-

stead of being dismayed, you will collect new strength, andshow yourselves more worthy of the cause which you de-

fend, aad of the admiration of the Universe. They announceit to ycu because they know that the determination of theSpaniards is to be tree at whatever cost: and all meanshowever violent, all resource however extraordinary alltunds however privileged must be cal'ed out to repel theenemy. The ship's treasures must be thrown overbotfd tolighten her in the tempest and save her from shipwreckOur country is sinking : strength, riches, life,wisdom, council whatever we have is her's. The victoryts ours if we carry on to the end of our enterprise tha tub-lim- e

enthusiasm with which it began.The mass with which we must resist the enemy must be

composed of the strength of all, and the sacrifices of all ;

and then what will it import that he pours upon us anewthe legions which are now superfluous ia Germany, 01 theswarm of conscript, he is about to draw fr m France?We begin with 80000 men lens ; he began it with20),C00more. Lt htm replace them, 11 he can; let him Bend erbring them to this region of death, as eiestructive to tho op-

pressors as the oppressed ! Adding to tlTe experience oftwo campaigns the strengh ci despair nd f ury, we willgive to their phalanxes ot banditts the Bama fate whichiheir predecessors have experienced, and the earth, tittei!- -

el with their blocd, shall return to uj with usory, tho fruitsof which they havo deprived ns.

Let the people of the North, forgetiul of what they are,aad of what they ate capable, submit to.be the slaves ofthis new Tameilane ; let them purchase at such a price thetranquility eif a moment, till it becomes to their turn to bedevoared. What is this tons, who are a mighty people,and resolved to perish or triumph ? Did we ask their consent when 20 mouths ago, wa resisted our arras against thotyrant ? Did we not enter the conust alone ; Did we notcarry it on alone ! Nothing which is necessary for our a

is wanting. The Spanish people.will standalone and erect amid the ruins ot the Enrooe. n continent.Here has been drawn, never to be sheathed, the swrd ofhatred against the exocrable tyrant; here is raised, nevertobebeat-- n down, tlu standard ot independence acd 01

justice.' Hasten to it, all ye ia Europe who will not liveunder the abominable yoke ; ye who will not enter into aleague with miq nty. iiere the valiant 6h,vii nndopportunities of acquiring true honor; he wise and thevirtuons shall obtain resvet ; the true affliited shall haveaa asylum: eur cause is the same ; the Bame shall be ourreward. Co Jie ! and in despite ol all the arts and all thepowers of this inhuman despot, we will reuder his. stir dim,and form for ourselves our owi destiny 1"

Election Amusements in New York. We. find

tLe folio wicK in tLe New York World :

Oae of the d sagreeable incident of the election wasthe biliDg cfl ol the nose of Air. Wm. McSpedon, brotherof Alderman AIcSpedoD), by one Franklin Gregory.The parties got into a qaarrel, and a fierce set-t- o wastne C0D8tquehe3, resulting aa aioresaid. aicbp'.aon isconfined to his bed. II is face is said to present a bor- -

rible spectacle ; bis nose is chewed clean tfl. Gregoryhas been arrested, lioih parties are notorious rovvciits.

From the Charleston Courier.Follry of the Planters.

Editors Courier : I have been a practical planterffr foity-si- x years, and a citizen of South Carolina.My opinion is that no planter should plant execeuiogtwo acres of Cotton lo each HAi hand, should the warcontinue uatil the first of March next ; the rest of hiscrop should be planted in corn, eas, rice, wheat, oats,rye, &c ar.d he should take good care to raise all .thehogs, cattle, sheep, and as many mules and horses as ne

can, as there wilt be a c.niderable demand ior an.'Ihe planter should make a suthiient quantity ol

homespun cloth ou his farm to clothe all his people, tooth

wbite and colored, and never purchase one bunch of. .;i a .c f.-- ; .,!-,- . !,

price to the proper standard or their true value.The planter should al30 tan ni3 own leather, and a1?

far as possible make all the shoes be needs on his ownplace. This is no more than our forefathers did in theold Revolution, andfjr many years after they had gain-

ed their independence. A PLANTER- -

Fire is Kisston. A fire occurred &V Kinston last

the Messrs. Dibble. I hree stores were consumed. L0S3

between 6 and 8,000.

Secretary of War.James ASeddon, Esq , of Goochland county Va.,

has been appointed Secretary of War, tq fill the vacan-

cy occasioned by the resignation of Gen. G. W. Ran-

dolph. Wtile Mr. Seddon has not been a great deal in. ... .1 1 1 1 i i 1 !

Dublic Dosition, ne oas always Dome a nigu reputationt . 3 . . . - T :n 1

lor ability ana.

sagacious otatesnansnip. it win oer . . a -- ..-.' f . rw

remembered teat Air. oeddon was one 01 tne commis-Bionersse- nt

by th?Vircinia Legislature to attend thePeace Conference ia Washington near tLe close ofBuchanan's Administration. He represented the Richmond District in the U. S. Congress Irom 1845 to 1847,and Irom 1849 to 1851. Kichmond Enquirer, win.

a' parts of the Btate, to fully realize it. Yon bring withyou this knowledge, acd can better apply it from whan yoahave seen th n from wat I can recommend. I shall there-fore venture but one snggeetion upon th . subject, becauseof what I have heard

By ordinance No 22. of June 161, which w now a partof the Constitution of the 8 ate, it ia provided that land andslaves shall he taxed acco-din- g to tbeir valne. and tkevalues of both taxed alike ; and that the tax on tdavr s maybe laid on their general average v due ia 'he State, or ontheir valoe in classes in respect to age, cex and oth r dis-tinctive properties, in thp discretion if the General Assembly, and the value be assessed in such modes as may beprecribed by law. Now while laid, even of the samequalities, but situa'e in d flerent places, from their local andimmovable character are properly assessed at differentratef. beoause of their relative proximity to markets andfor other substantial cause : and fcr such reasons the Gen-eral Assembly itpelf. can neither accurate'y value real es-tate, nor can do so by any general State commissiosers.yet some steps may be taken towards eqaao'z ng the tax onslaves, which, uod" the present mode of assessments, mybe, and I understard ,is. various in m&uy counties of theState, because cf the different standard of valuation adopf-- d

by the owner and assessors. It ia very desirab'e thatthe tax should be uniform, and I sugges as the most likelymeans ti accomplish that object, the propriety --of clasifying Blaves by their ages, or by sex and age, and affixingtwo yesrs th; taxable value of each class. In consequenceof the moveable quality of this species of property, it isnot subject to the irregularity of assessment, which attendland ; the value ofs ave property at anv one place in theState is for all practical purposes, the same as in any other ; and it is cot difficu't therefore to make the tax bothequal acd uniform by the classification of slaves ia the man-ner already mentioned.

Under the discretionary powers vested by the Constitut'on in the Le gislature to exempt th ; ii firm and distinguishthe mechanic trom ihe field laborer, it appears to me thatthe 'egislative afessment, discreetly made, wi 1 conducebetter than the pres ntmode to a uniform taxation through-out the State, f ach crunty is interested that the taxablevalue of s'aves should be alike in all the counties, and what-ever tendi to equ&'ize the tax on slaves, tends to equalizethat on land, inasmuch as both species of property must betaxed alike on thir respective values. A precedent for this tmode of 'axirg slave", however imperfect, may be found iu Ithe legislation of 172, ch. 8..

In order to meet tLe interest on the pi! lie debt, and tomake up the sum doe from counties, where the tax cannotbe collected on account of the presence of the enemy, I recommend an increase of at least twen'y-fiv- e per cnt onthe present amount of taxation. The great abundance ofmoney acd conseqient high pries ot property would, Ithink, enab'e the p.ople to pay it cheerfally. I also re-commend that a tax of twenty-fiv- e per cent, be laid uponthe nett profits of all persons who have, during the presentyear, speculated in the neceesa-ie- s of life, such as corn,dour, bacon, poik, shoes, leather, cotton cloth and yarnand woo'en goods, and to be continued daring the nextye ror longer, if necessary: the proceeds to be applied to thesuppoit of wives and children cr widows of soldiers whoseproperty, as listed on the tax books, shall fall below a cer-tain sum. This law, if properly enforced and guardedagainstTalse swearing, would be made to answer a valuablepurpose, and wonld be eminently just in its eflects.

I am clearly of the opinion that no more Treasury notesshould be issued, if it be possible to avoid it, as I thick itwould be better to pay interest on our bonds than to far-ther swell the volume of paper in circulation.

The following is a statement of the debt of the Etite onthe 30th day of September, 1862 :

Bonded debt, $14,812,005 00Temporary loans, 2,550,449 00Int. unpaid on Coupon Bond debt, 452,005 45-- "

" " Temporary loans andBonds without Coupors, 62,351 06

Am't Treasury notes in circulation, 3,136,550 50

To.al, $20,93,361 01Tkx 3 ree'd from permanent sources for 1861, $734,650 10

" " " " " 1$62, 715,763 39

The falling eff is attributable to those counties and partsof counties in the possession cf the enemy. The dednctitnfor the next year will be Btill greater, owing to his advance,tea destruction 01 property, Ac. The report of theBoard of Ciaims on th8 tra eject of the fiuances is herewithtransmitted.

In view of the very great labor tow imposed up n theTreasury Department and the variety of daTies it e raoraces,

recommend th? creation of the office of Auditor of Pub-lic Accounts, to continue bo long as may be deemed neces8ary, whose duty it Phall be to investigate and settle a'lclaims again t the State, Ac When the term of the pre-sent Board of Claims shall expire, it wdl still be necessaryto have some such an office in existence during the contin-uance of the war, end perhaps for many yeais after.Should it not be deemed advisable to estab' sh the office rf MfAuditor, then I recommend that the Board o: Claims be continued, acd authorized to bold short seas i a quarterly, andiheir pay be arranged :n proportion to their labor.

I also recommend that the I iterary Board be allowed toappoint a Treasurer, to take charge of its own funds, witha salary to be fixed by the Board. This duty at presentreBts on the State Treasurer, and the law requires him tokeep the fund, and evidences of debt, Ac, separate andapart from any other funds in his hands. The duty couldmuch more conveniently and effectually hi performed bythe Board's own officers. When the amount of this fund isconsidered, (the annual disbursements being double thatof the whole State Government ten years ago,) with thefurther fact that twice a reasonable salary of a Treasurerhas been lost anna illy for want of some competent andproper efficer to look after and collect the debts of theBoard, I teel assured that the adoption of the suggestionwould be of material advantage to its interests.

I beg leav to make certain suggestions in regard to mi-

litia and to aiding the Confederate authorities in enforcingthir eflorts to raaiatain the efficiency of our armies.

The ordinary pena'ties prescribed by our Militia laws forthe punishment f cflencea, disobedience of orders. Ac,adapted to peace times, are found now entirely inadequate.Wishing to spare our citizens the disagreeable spectacle ofConfederate soldiers traversing the conntry to gather updelinqaent conscripts, deserters and absentees from thearmy withont leave, I decided to employ the Mi ilia for thatpurpose. In general, it has answered admirably, mo it ofhe Officer having displayed great zeal and efficiency in

gathering np rapidly all persons fcubject to military dutywithout offending the sensibilities of our people. But. insome instances, deserters and other shirking characters,htve set ihe officers at defiance, and are enbltid to evadearrest by the assistance of others who conceal them ft edthem. and. in some caos, resist the officers in the di chargeof their duty.

As the crime of desertion, so far as I know, not anoffence against the common law, so the concealing, aiding,and assistiar a deserter to avoid recapture is nor, punisha-ble in our courts. To aid the military aathoi itiea in ar-resting uch persom, I recomrren 1 that an act be passedfor the of any one who shall aid and assisttbem. or in any manner prevent their recapture ; and alsoto puniBh more severely the disobedience of orders by thettiLtia.

It also becomes my duty, gentlemen, to bring to your at-

tention several serious matters connected wi h the admin-istration of Justice in the State.

There is great dagger of lawlessness overrunning theland ; and in the great abundaoce of military rulers andarbitrary authority, people ae beginning to forget thatthere is still such a thing in existence as civiZ law, whichis the mas er of us all. Thorgh ly a conser-vative and law-abidir- people, our society is already be-

ginning to suffer serious detriment from the violent andlaw-defyin- g tendencies of the times. Murder, ars n, disregard ot oDiigatiors, oppression ana injustice, are morecommon in some districts than they have been known.Not long since, as I am informed, a Confederate c fiber refused to permit the execution of a rit of habeas corpus

ithm his camp, issued by eft ape tent authority, and drovethe officer with denunciations and abuse from hii presence- -

It should be our pride, as it is cur duty and t afety, toshow our enemies abroad and our law breakers at horns,that the same glorious old common law which our fathershonored and observed, in the midst of sufieriog and calamity, is still moving on with power and majisty, strengthening, protecting and snstainirg our people, as it ever willstrengthen and sustain those who respct it. The GeneralAssembly, .t ita last cession, actuated, no oouot, Dy tnemost pat.iotic motives, paised an act suspending the regular sessions of the Supreme and Superior courts 01 Lawand Equity. This act, considered by many unconstitution-al, was, in my judgment, to say the least of it, unwise insoise of its provisions. That some remedy ought to havebeen provided protecting property generally trrm saennce,and particularly the property of our brave soldiers who hadleft their homes and business for our defense, (if indeed anenlightened and patriotic public opinion Lad not alreadyguaranteed

. . that protection ) no ono win question, ana.

toO. i ". A A. A 1 1

this ex ent meets my approval. ui me vouria inemeeivesshould be opened, and the fountains of justice unsealed.The criminal law especially should be dilligeatly administered, for it has been wisely said that " the commission otcrime is prevented more Dy tne certainty wiau me Bcvemyot its panishment. Again, persons inargea wun crimeand confined in prison, even if unlawfully convicted, cannot have their cases reviewed in a court of higher jarisdictiou for many months, thus violating that sacred provisionin onr Dec'aration of Rights, which says " that every freeman restrained of his liberty is entitled to a remedy to enquire into the lawfulness thereof, and to remove tne sameif unlawful and that sucn iemeay ougnt not 10 do aenieaorlelayed." I therefore recommend that the regular sesBions of the Supreme and Superior Courts be restored.

I am also convinced that whilst the soldier in the fieldshould have hi property protected from seizure under executico, there exists no valid reason wny, mine greatplenteoasness of money, and the high prices of property,any man Bhould desire to be excused from paying his debts.I th nk it Drobame mat it mignt aiso exen a iavoraoieinfluence on prices, if men were compelled to part withtheir surplus DroDertv to satisfy their creditor!.

In this connection permit ma to respectfully recommendthat our present circuits be adding at leaBtone additional circuit and another Judge thereof. Thenecessity for thia change will be apparent from the following considerations:

Mahia of the circuits emtrace an extended area of territory with a large amount of business. The otventh circuitcomprises eighteen count'es, others more than twelve, andto some, two weeks are allotted. According to existingatatntAn. the Judges are allowed an annual salary of nineteen hundred and fifty dollars, with the proviso 44 that in allcases where a circuit of the Superior Courts shall exceedtwolvA weeks, the Judges holding laid Courts at any regular term shall be entitled to a compensation of ninety do-llar tnr rhm Court ot each cour'v exceeding twelve heldby them, to e paid by the publlo tre&anm on the fim daji

of January and Jcly in addition to their salary aforesaid,aad each week in which a Court shall be held, shill be con-sidered a term " Special fe ma of the Sup-ri- or Courtsare also held, end for th!s ssrvire a comnensation of ninetydollars is given to he paid by the county in which the Courti held. Upon examination it will be found that theamounts thus paid for the additional and extra Courts ex-ceed the salary of a single Judg.meionrin section of the l02d chapter of the Hevised

Code provides that 44 every jadge Bhall produce a certificat t f the Clerk cf each county of his having held theCourt of the ccuity according to law ; acd for every suchceitifieate omitted to be produced, there shall b a deduction from his salary of one hundred dollars. Portions ofcrtam circuits are occop?ed by the enemy, and it is impos-sible for the Judges to procure he required certificates.It may be necessary, therefore, to modify this-provisio- tohave effect only pending the war.

The Hon. t homaa Buffia, Jr.. residing in the fourth ju-dicial circuit, having resigned his place as one of tin judgesol the aperior Courts of law and cquety, my immediatepredecessor, with tha advice of the Council of estate, filledsaid vacancy by granting a temporary commission to theHon. . ohn Krr, of Caswell, which will expire at the endof your prfsent session. It is youi duty to fill this vacancypermanently.

The office of Attorney General has been also vacated bythe former incuntibeDt, Hon. W. A. Jenkins entering thearmy sni accepting an effice under the Confederate States.There are also Solicitors to be elected for several of thecircuits.

There are confined in Salisbury hy the Confederate au-thorities, a number of citizens ot North Carolina, arrestedfor alleged political offences. How long they are to remainincarcerated no one, can say but those who apprehendedthem. What their guiP, really consists in I do not know,but this much it becomes both you and me to know, in viewof the oiths we take upon entering into office, that theywere not arrested by lawful process, as citizens cf NorthCarolina they are entit'ed under the Constitutionto a spee-dy trial by a jury of their peers, and to be confrontel withtheir accusers. I have laid their cases before his Excellen-cy th President of the Confede;.i.N States, and when hisreply i received you will be informed thereof. Shouldthere ex;st any grave State reasons why they a.e denied a

ill, it is due-a-t least, that we Bhould be informed of tbem.have not seen an official copy of the ao, but learn from

the newspapers that Congress has conferred upon the Presi-dent, the power to suspend the writ of habeas corpus in allcases of arrests made by Confederate authorityIf this be once admitted, no man if safe from thepower of one individual. He cocll at pl-a- su e, s?izeany citizen of the State with or without excuse, throw hiaiinto prmon and permit him to languish there without relief,a power that I am unwilling to Bee entrusted to any livingman. To submit to its exercise would in my opinion be es-tablishing a precedent dangerous and pernicious in the ex-treme. Among a people bo united and faithful to their causeas ours, where disleyal'y is the rare and eoLtary excep-tion to th general iu.e, I caa tee but little good, bat a vasttide of ii.fl wicg evil from these inordinate stretches of nrl-tar- y

power which are fast disgracing ng equally with curNorthern enemies. A free Republic that must needs castoff Its freedom in every time of t ouble will soon cast it 08forever. Fieedrm cannot be embraced to-da- y and spurned

; a steadfast and constant worship cau alone se-cure her countless blessings. Her chos?n instrument theConstitution and the laws were made the sure covenant ofher everlnsting lesidence am mg us ; our del ght in time ofpeace and prosperity, and onr guide and shield in the dayof trouble and calamity. Now. if ever, is tha time when weshould abide Btrictly by their stern decrees, and walk up-rightly in the narrow path they have marked out for ourfootsteps. We should ieat of all, forsake the helm and thecompsss when the vessel is driven by tLe tempest, andclouds and darkness obscure the way.

Deeply impressed as I have been with ihe importance ofthis subject, 1 have been anxious at the same t me to avoidany unnecessary conflict with the Confederate authorities.I have, therefore, waited patiently for your assembling, con-fident that you would take proper steps to maintiia the lawsand preserve the rights of our people.

It becomes my daty also, to call your attention to thesu ject of e flicering our troops in the fiU- d- eome conflictof opinion existing ia regard thereto.

The right of the State au'horities to c rarnifsion th9 off-icers of tha regiments originally raised for the war, is notdoubted. It is conceded by the .Act of Conrress of April16th, 1862, known as the Consc ipt Law. But the Confed-erate anthoiities claim the right to commission the regi-ments of twelve months' men, contiuued in service-b- y thislaw, and a'so all regiments whatsoever, raised since it wentinto operation And in boTh cafea, they have claimed tocommission and appoint all regimental staff officers, evenwhen they conceded to the Fxecutive of the State the ap-poi- n

ment of the efficera of the line. Again, while appoint-ing and commissioning field effice 1 s, the Secretary of Warhas declined to appoint the company efficer, Torenfedy,

possible, this confusion and to avoid conflict, I called inperson to see the President, who promised to take the opin-ion of his Attorney Geneial on the subject at length. Ihave not yet had the pleasure of seeing that pinion, andnow lay the matter before 3 on, and recommend you to takesuch steps as wi l preserve the rights and honor of thaState- - It may well be doubted if ihe officering of thewholes of our troops does not belong exclusively to Stateauthoiity, as by strict reference to the Constitution theymay be lound to be in point f law, militia. It is mortify-ing to find entire brigades of North Carolina soldiers in thefield commanded by strangers, and, in many esses, cur ownbrave and wai-wor- n Colonels ae aade to give place toColonels from distant States, who are promoted to the com-mand of North Carolina troops over their heads t vacantBrigadiersbips. Some of these promotions are charged toNorth Carolina, which enables the authorities to say thatwe have had bo many appointments, when in fact we l avenot, the appointees not being citieens of oar State. Thisis fast breaking down the pride acd patience cf our officers,m-- ny of whonitre reported tone their intention to re-

sign, alleging that the road to honorable promotion is al-

most ch Bed to our citizens. This is .not right, and forms aju-- t cau-- e of complaint both ia our army and with our peo-ple at home. We are willing that our so'diers should fol-

low any General capable of leading them, bnt we contendthat as a matter of sheer jasiceoar soldiers, are entitledto receive their fair proportion of the honors won by theirgallantry and endurance.

1 would also recommend that the existing prohibitionagainst the dis'i.lation of spiiits from all kinds of grain becontinued during the war. There is no graiu to spare forsaeh purposes aod all the med cal needs of the country acdarmy cau be abundantly supplied by the l quors made fromthe Iruu crop. Mhculd even the supply for the army fail,it cannot be d( nbted that it is mnch better for the soldiert go with nt spirits than that bis wife and child should bewit out bread.

I also recommend that a law be passed providing for arigid puniubment of all pendens who may W convicted ofspeculating in any of the necessaries of life, under the fahepretence ot being government agents.

Jn oder to keep the bibwv s of the country in betterconditi.rn.Jbey hiving since the commencement of the warbeen permitted to et in very bad repair, 1 recommend thatthe Revised Code be eo amended that the age, to be reach-ed to eut t ie a man to exemption from working on the roads,shall be fifty years instead of forty five, as no v.

The term of the Hon. George Davis, Confederate Spates'Senator irom N. C , will expire beforejhe next regular ses-sion of the General. Assembly, and it will be your duty toprovide for fill eg the vacancy.'

I take great plessure in intoimicg jou that the educa-tional interests of the country have not been overlooked

I ace the commencement of m? administration. Owing tothe great drain upon the Treasury during the first year ofthe war, the Literary Board deemed it advisable to makeonly half the usual semi-annu- al distribution ot the common

h 10I faud for tae fall of 181, and none at all tor thespring of 1862. Feeling that this pressure had passedawa, and thit the matter was on of great importance toour peop e, the Boa. d, at its recent meeting, ordered tneusual distribution to be made, increased by ten thousanddollars from the sum due for the back distribution, andresolved to add that amount each spring acd all, until thewhole 8hs.li have been appropriated. There has been somedisposition manifested to take this land for war purposesShould there really exist a serious design on the part ofany one to do this, which! hardly thiufc probable,! ear-cextlv hone vou win promptly aeteat 11. rnia emau Bumcould add but little to the vast amount re'anired conduct the and ita abstractionto war,

. . , . . . !1 M !would be an absolute roDDery 01 tne poor cnuaren 01 meState. On the contrary, it shou d be your duty to carefully preserve and if possible increase this fund, make pro-

vision for its regalar distribution, and do everything inyour power to educate the risirg youth of the countryWhile war is desolating our coast ana tna vae 01 revolution is flowing all around u. let the young children of theState be still assembled in their log houses and primitiveacademies, in the menntains and on the plains, aad let theirfirst lesson be to read of onr great struggle for civil andreligious liberty of the patriotism and sacrifices of ourpeople, and me iorious oravery 01 meir lauieio auu uium-er- a

upon the blood-staine- d fields of the South. It is of thevery highest importance that the war Bhould not carryaway everything useful and civilized in the land and causjour children to grow up ia ignorance and crime. No onehas been more impressed with the importance of this mat- -

ter than the able and worthy superintendent of commonschools, who has labored faithfully and diligently in behalfof his little charges, and has sunerel no excitement or misfnrtnna to turn him from the tath of duty. To him, in agreat measure is due the keeping alive of the interests of

in the well doing of the schools during thesetimes of trcable. Our time-honor-ed old University, thoughthinned, as have been our male schools everywhere by thenatHntiam of the bovs who have rushed to fill up our armias,is still in full operation, the President and Faculty having

erallv as flourishing aa In times cf peace.Roth of the Asylntna in thia city are prospering under the

pisent efficient management a great charity to our peo-

ple and a credit to the State.Of oar internal improvement system, I deem it unneces-mr- v

tn make anv mention. Since my introduction to office,I have received no official reperts or information as to the.ATiHition or wants of anv of the public works requiring legislative action. Bhould any thing of this nature bebrought to my attention, I shall lay it before you ia a special message.

To dtion to tha matters herein brought to your attenHrm.there .are several of an important nature about whichit is not deemed prudent to speak publicly, but wbieh Iwill take pleasure in explaining, or (uscussiog veroauywith yoa when desired. Many others 1 have doubtless

riMfcnd for which, as well as for tne hastv preparation and disconnected form of this instrument, I beg thatmv recent inauguration into office, and the many heavy- . -- 1 1 it j -

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