after the constitution was written, our founding fathers will face a huge task in making the new...
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NEW REPUBLIC
After the Constitution was written, our Founding Fathers will face a huge task in making the new gov’t work.
Political parties will emerge.
Manufacturing will take a stronger role in the American economy.
#1 Why It Matters 1/2
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People begin to move westward.
The U.S. will become a dominant player in the Americas.
#1 Why It Matters 2/2
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Our nation’s leaders still follow the precedents set by our Founding Fathers.
Politicians operate within a party system.
The U.S. is one of the leading economic & military powers in the world.
#2 The Impact Today
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Became 1st president under the Constitution on Apr. 30, 1789 Did not want job John Adams – 1st VP
Set many precedents that are still followed Called “Mr.
President”
#3 President Washington 1/2
Washington banner
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1st Cabinet Sec. of State –
Thomas Jefferson Sec. of Treasury –
Alexander Hamilton
Sec. of War – Henry Knox
Attorney General – Edmund Randolph
#3 President Washington 2/2
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Created a federal court system 13 District Courts 3 Circuit Courts
SC given final authority on all court matters
John Jay – 1st SC Chief Justice
#4 Judiciary Act of 1789
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U.S. faced a growing nat’l debt in its early years
GW left it up to his Sec. of Treasury (Hamilton) to deal w/ the issue
Hamilton’s Plan Gov’t will pay off
debt owed to citizens & other nations
Gov’t will assume states’ debts
#5 Hamilton’s Financial Plan
1/3
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Opposition to Hamilton’s Plan Bonds
Gov’t issued bonds during Am. Rev.
Speculators bought these bonds
Under Hamilton’s Plan, speculators would become rich
States’ Debt South had less
debt than North Under Hamilton’s
Plan, South would pay more
#5 Hamilton’s Financial Plan
2/3
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Compromise Nation’s
capital will be moved to the South
Will become Washington, D.C.
South will support plan
#5 Hamilton’s Financial Plan
3/3
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In order to strengthen the economy, Hamilton proposed: A nat’l bank (the
Bank of the U.S.) A protective tariff on
imports Nat’l taxes
Ideas were opposed by Jefferson & Madison
#6 National Economy
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Occurred due to farmers in western PA refusing to pay taxes on whiskey imposed on them by Hamilton
Washington led troops to squash the rebellion
Results of Rebellion: Nat’l gov’t was
powerful If citizens wanted to
change a law, they had to do it peacefully
#7 Whiskey Rebellion
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GW wanted US to stay out of foreign affairs
Proclamation of Neutrality (1793) – GW’s attempt to keep US neutral
Jay’s Treaty – GW’s attempt to stay out of war w/ GB
Pinckney’s Treaty – gave US right to navigate the Mississippi R. & to trade @ New Orleans
#8 Washington’s Foreign Issues
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Served 2 terms (1789-1797) Precedent
Decided not to seek 3rd term of office in 1796
Washington’s Farewell Address Warned about:
Dangers of political parties
Alliances w/ foreign countries
Sectionalism Influenced US foreign
policy for over 100 yrs.
#9 Washington FINALLY Retires!
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By 1796, Americans disagreed on many things Philosophies of
gov’t Interpretation
of the Constitution
Economy Foreign affairs
Led to 2 groups being formed
#10 Creation of Political Parties
1/3
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Federalists Leader – A.
Hamilton Beliefs
Strong nat’l gov’t
Loose interpretation of Constitution
Rule by wealthy
Nat’l bank Alliance w/
Britain Supported by
NE & plantation owners in South
#10 Creation of Political Parties
2/3
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Democratic-Republicans Leader – T. Jefferson Beliefs
Strong state gov’ts Strict
interpretation of Constitution
Rule by the people State banks Alliance w/ France
Supported by small farmers in Mid-Atlantic & South
#10 Creation of Political Parties
3/3
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1st election candidates ran as members of a political party Fed. – John
Adams (P); Charles Pinckney (VP)
D-R – Thomas Jefferson (P); Aaron Burr (VP)
Election Results Adams wins
Pres. Jefferson
becomes VP
#11 Election of 1796
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XYZ Affair Event in which
Charles de Talleyrand, the French foreign minister, sent agents (X, Y, & Z) to obtain a bribe from the U.S. in order for the French to stop seizing American ships
Led to: The creation of the
U.S. Navy A “Quasi-War” w/
France
#12 Adams’ Presidency 1/4
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Alien & Sedition Acts Passed to protect the
nation’s security Acts
Alien Act – allowed president to imprison or remove aliens from the country
Sedition Act – made it a crime to say negative things about the gov’t
Naturalization Act – required aliens to wait 14 years before they became eligible for U.S. citizenship
#12 Adams’ Presidency 2/4
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Alien & Sedition Acts (cont.) Results of Acts
Discouraged immigration
Forced aliens to leave
People were jailed for saying their opinions about the gov’t
#12 Adams’ Presidency 3/4
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