amoebozoans gymnamoebas entamoebas unikonta 17/biology 2/exam 1... · classification of “protista
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Bio 2
Lecture
Exam 1
Package
Eukaryotes
Halophiles
Archaea Thermophiles
Methanogens
Univeral Ancestor
Proteobacteria
Chlamydia
Bacteria Spirochetes
Cyanobacteria
Gram + Bacteria
Diplomonads
Excavata Parabasalids
Euglenozoans
Dinoflagellates
Alveolates Apicomplexans
Ciliates
Chromalveolates Diatoms
Golden Algae
Stramenopiles Brown Algae
Oomycetes
Cercozoans
Forams
Rhizaria
Radiolarians
Ancesteral Bacteria
Red Algae
Archaeplastida Chlorophytes
Charophyceans
Plants
Slime molds
Amoebozoans Gymnamoebas
Entamoebas
Unikonta
Nuclerariids
Fungi
Opisthokonts
Choanoflagellates
Animals
Eukaryotes
BACTERIA LECTURE
Bacteria Characteristics:
Nucleoid Region:
No Membrane-bound Organelles:
Ribosomes:
Plasma Membrane:
Cell Wall:
Capsule:
Flagella:
Fimbriae:
Pili:
Asexual Reproduction:
Classification:
Shape
Gram stain reaction
Oxygen requirements
Feeding strategies
Shapes:
Gram-Stain:
Gram Positive:
Gram Negative:
Oxygen Requirements:
Obligate aerobes:
Obligate anaerobes:
Facultative anaerobes:
Feeding Strategies:
Feeding
Strategy
Energy
Source
Carbon
Source
Photoautotrophs
Chemoautotrophs
Photoheterotrophs
Chemoheterotrophs
Nitrogen Metabolism:
Heterocysts:
Classification:
Bac
teri
a A
rchae
a
Classification:
Examples:
Characteristics:
Group:
Proteobacteria
Salmonella
E. Coli
Shape:
Gram Stain:
Oxygen Requirement:
Others:
Shape:
Gram Stain:
Oxygen Requirement:
Others:
Group:
Chlamydias
Chlamydia Shape:
Gram Stain:
Oxygen Requirement:
Others:
Group:
Spirochetes
Treponema
pallidum
Borrelia
burgdorferi
Shape:
Gram Stain:
Oxygen Requirement:
Others:
Shape:
Gram Stain:
Oxygen Requirement:
Others
Group:
Cyanobacteria
Oscillatoria Shape:
Gram Stain:
Oxygen Requirement:
Others:
Group: Gram-
positive bacteria
Clostridium
Bacillus Anthracis
Streptococcus
Staphylococcus
Shape:
Gram Stain:
Oxygen Requirement:
Others:
Shape:
Gram Stain:
Oxygen Requirement:
Others:
Shape:
Gram Stain:
Oxygen Requirement:
Others:
Shape:
Gram Stain:
Oxygen Requirement:
Others:
Domain: Archaea
Group:
Methanogens
Group: Halophiles
Group:
Thermophiles
Symbiotic Relationships:
Mutualism:
Commensalism:
Parasitism:
Pathogens:
Koch’s Postulates:
Bioremediation:
Protista Lecture
Characteristics:
Protozoa:
Algae:
Fungi-like
Origin of Eukaryotes
Autogeneous:
Endosymbiotic:
Secondary:
Classification of “Protista”
Supergroup: Excavata
S. Characteristics:
Clade2 C2. Characteristics
Diplomonads
Ex.
Parabasalids
Ex.
Clade2 C2. Characteristics Clade3 C3. Characteristics
Euglenozoans
Euglenids
Ex.
Kinetoplastids
Ex.
Supergroup: Chromalveolates
S. Characteristics:
Clade1 C1. Characteristics Clade2 C2. Characteristics:
Alveolates Dinoflagellates
Ex.
Apicomplexans
Ex.
Ciliates
Ex.
Stramenopila Diatoms
(Bacillariophyta)
Ex.
Golden Algae
(Chrysophyta)
Ex.
Brown Algae
(Phaeophyta)
Ex.
Oomycetes
Ex.
Supergroup: Rhizaria
S. Characteristics:
Clade2 C2. Characteristics:
Forams
Ex.
Radiolarians
Ex.
Supergroup: Archaeplastida S. Characteristics
Clade2 C2. Characteriscs:
Red Algae
(Rhodophyta)
Ex.
Chlorophytes
Ex.
Charophytes
Ex.
Supergroup: Unikonta
S. Characteristics:
Clade1 C1. Characteristics Clade2 C2. Characteristics:
Amoebozans Slime Molds
Clade3 C3
Characteristics
Plasmo-
dial
Ex.
Cellular
Ex.
Gymnamoebas
Ex.
Entamoebas
Ex.
Opisthokonts Nucleariids
Ex.
Choanoflagellates
Ex.
Solar Radiation and Latitude:
Equinox:
Solstice:
Global Climate Patterns:
Air Circulation:
Wind Patterns:
Local Effects:
Rain Shadow:
Bodies of Water:
Ocean Currents:
Aquatic Biomes
Vertical
Stratification
Photic Zone
Aphotic Zone
Benthic Zone
Fresh Water Biomes Eutrophic Lakes
Oligotrophic Lakes
Mesotrophic Lakes
Rivers and streams
Wetlands
Estuaries
Biome Description Plant
Examples
Animal
Examples
Tropical Rain
Forest
Forest of tall trees
An average of 50 to 260 inches (125 to
660 cm.) of rain falls yearly.
The temperature in a rain forest rarely
gets higher than 93 °F (34 °C) or
drops below 68 °F (20 °C);
Savannahs
Rolling grassland scattered with shrubs
and isolated trees
Not enough rain falls on a savanna to
support forests.
Savannas have warm temperature year
round and two very different seasons
long dry season (winter) – 4 inches of
rain
very wet season (summer). In the
summer there is lots of rain.
Grasslands
Large, rolling terrains of grasses, flowers
and herbs.
Latitude, soil and local climates for the
most part determine what kinds of
plants grow
Grasslands are a region where the
average annual precipitation is great
enough to support grasses, and in
some areas a few trees.
The precipitation is so erratic that
drought and fire prevent large
forests from growing.
Deserts
Less than 10 inches of rain a year
Evaporation exceeds precipitation
l Hot Deserts
l Cold Deserts
Biome Description Plant
Examples
Animal
Examples
Chaparral
Very hot and dry.
Temperature
l The winter is very mild and
is usually about 10 °C.
l The summer. It is so hot and
dry at 40 °C that fires and
droughts are very common.
Coastal Sage
Scrub
Temperate
Deciduous
Forest
Found in the eastern half of North
America
The average annual temperature in a
deciduous forest is 50° F. The
average rainfall is 30 to 60
inches a year
Coniferous
Forest
(Taiga)
Needleleaf forest.
Russian word for forest and is the
largest biome in the world.
The winters in the taiga are very cold
with only snowfall.
The summers are warm, rainy, and
humid.
A lot of coniferous trees grow in the
taiga.
Also known as the boreal forest.
Tundra
Tundra means a barren land.
The ground is permanently frozen 10
inches to 3 feet (25 to 100 cm) down
so that trees can't grow there.
Rocky ground can only support low
growing plants like mosses, heaths,
and lichen.
In the winter it is cold and dark and in
the summer, when the snow and the
top layer of permafrost melt, it is
very soggy