american revolution notes
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Section 1
The Early Years
![Page 2: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Opposing SidesBritish Advantages• Strongest Navy• Trained Army
• Wealth• Larger Population
British Disadvantages• Fighting long way
from home
• Have to ship soldiers and supplies
![Page 3: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Opposing SidesAmerican Advantages
• Know the Land• Fighting for
Freedom• Gen. Washington
American Disadvantages
• No Regular Army/Navy• Rely on Volunteers
• Lack Military Experience
• Short Supply on Weapons & Ammo
• Independence Not Supported by All
![Page 4: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Need for Troops• British rely on
Mercenaries (hired soldiers)
• Most are Hessian – German mercenaries fighting for the British.
![Page 5: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The Fighting Begins• Battle of Long Island
– 1st Major Clash (32,000 vs. 20,000)– Serious American Defeat, Forced to
retreat to New Jersey– British use New York City as a base for
the remainder of War
![Page 6: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Missed Opportunity• General Howe
(British Commander) lets Washington retreat
• Ignored advice of others
• Could’ve captured Army and ended war
![Page 7: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Washington’s Tactics• Moves army into
New Jersey (supposed to stop fighting in Winter)
• Surprises British on Christmas– Captures 900
Hessians at Trenton
• Holds off British at Princeton
![Page 11: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Importance of Trenton• Renews American Confidence/Spirit
“A few days ago the Americans had given up the cause for lost. Their late successes have turned the scale and now they are all liberty mad again.”
- British Soldier, 1776.
![Page 14: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
British Plan for Victory• Capture Albany, NY
and Hudson River• Split New England
from Middle Colonies
• Howe promises to move up from NYC
![Page 15: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Distractions/Blunders• Howe captures Philadelphia (winters
there)• Burgoyne slowed down by 30 wagons
of luxury goods• Green Mountain Boys (Vermont Militia
group) force Burgoyne to Saratoga
![Page 16: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Battle of Saratoga• Burgoyne surrounded• 5,700 British soldiers surrender• Important Because
– Disrupts British Plan for Victory– Encourages France to support America
![Page 17: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Section 1
The Early Years
![Page 19: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Section 2
The War Continues
![Page 20: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
France Joins In• Hated British to
begin with• Saratoga
convinced them Americans had a chance at winning
• Franklin persuaded them to help
![Page 21: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Winter of 1777• Howe wintered
in Philadelphia
• Washington 20 miles west in Valley Forge
![Page 22: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Valley Forge
• Time of Great Suffering – lack of food, clothing and shelter
• Many deserted (left without permission)
![Page 23: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Valley Forge• Also time of
retraining and rejuvenation
• Baron Von Steuben trains Army– Practice Bayonet
• Marquis de Lafayette (French leader) joins cause
![Page 26: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Money Problems• Continental
Congress couldn’t raise $ (no power to tax)
• Printed more money
• Led to inflation – took more and more money to buy the same amount of goods.
![Page 27: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Section 2
The War Continues
![Page 29: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Section 3
The War Moves West and South
![Page 30: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
War at Sea• British set up
Blockade (prevented ships from entering or leaving harbors)
• American Congress could only produce 2 ships to fight this
![Page 31: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Citizens Respond• Privateers -
2,000 privately owned ships are outfitted with weapons and authorized to attack the blockade
![Page 32: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
John Paul Jones• Famous Naval
Officer• Attacked British
Ship and won• Famous for
saying, “I have not yet begun to fight”
![Page 33: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
British Move South• Hope to use Loyalist
support in South to their advantage
• Works well - Gen. Clinton captures Savannah and Charlestown
![Page 35: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Setbacks• Encounter a new
style of fighting - guerilla warfare - small forces that attack in a hit and run style
• Francis Marion - famous guerilla leader, called the “Swamp Fox”
![Page 36: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Spain Lends a Hand• Loaned Money• Opened New Orleans port• Declared war on Britain• Galvez opened the South
“The most vital aid contributed by any one man to the struggling American colonies.”• Buchanan Thomas, historian
![Page 38: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Section 3
The War Moves West and South
![Page 39: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Section 4
The War is Won
![Page 40: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Lead up to Yorktown• Cornwallis
(British) had been leaving the South
• Lafayette kept him bottled up on Yorktown Peninsula
![Page 41: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Victory at Yorktown• Washington marches his troops (in
secret) 200 miles in 15 days to reach Yorktown
• French ships also moved to surround area
• Bombard area for over a month
![Page 42: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Surrender at Yorktown• British ran out of
supplies• Cornwallis’s army
(7,500 men) surrender on October 19, 1781
• Yorktown made the British realize the war was too costly
![Page 44: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
![Page 45: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Independence• Ben Franklin, John Adams & John Jay
sent to Paris to make treaty with the British
![Page 46: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Treaty of Paris - 1783• Recognized U.S. as an independent
nation• Set Boundaries (Mississippi)• Withdrew British troops• Granted Fishing Rights in Canada• Allowed British merchants to collect
debt• Said Loyalist land must be returned
![Page 47: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
![Page 48: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Why did we win?• Geography - knew the terrain better• British couldn’t control rural areas• French & Spanish support• ***Washington didn’t need an all out
victory - he just had to avoid defeat
![Page 49: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Big Question
Who should be given the most credit for the American victory
in the Revolution?
![Page 50: American Revolution Notes](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051314/55283496550346aa588b46c5/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Section 4
The War is Won