USCC 1172 SPORT“AMERICAN FOOTBALL”

Ranjini A/P Kunalan ED-1201470 Puvanasutha A/P Arumugam ED-1101593Ras Ameliya Binti Ramli ED-1205904

Rules & Regulations

The Game Format

 Football is a timed sport.

The team with the most points at the end of the time period, wins the

game.

The game is divided up into 4 periods or quarters with a long "half time"

between the second and third quarter.

If a game is tied at the end of regulation, a 15-minute overtime period

will be played. Possession is determined before the period begins by a

coin toss.

The Rules

The rules in football allow each team to have eleven players on the field at a

time. Teams may substitute players between plays with no restrictions.

The defensive players may take any position they want and can move about

their side of the football prior to the play without restriction.

The offensive players, however, have several rules that define their position

and what role they may take in the offense.

Seven offensive players must be lined up on the line of scrimmage. The other

four players must be lined up at least one yard behind the line of scrimmage.

The Football Play The team with the possession of the football is called the offense. The defense tries to prevent the offense from scoring or advancing the football. If the offense does not get 10 yards in four plays, the other team gains possession of the football at the

current line of scrimmage.

The football play is over when:

1) the player with the football is tackled or goes out of bounds

2) an incomplete pass

3) there is a score. 

The offensive team can lose possession of the football by:  Not getting 10 yards in four downs. Fumbling or dropping the football and the defensive team recovers it. Throwing the football to a defensive player for an interception. Punting or kicking the football to the defensive team. Missing a field goal. Getting tackled in the end zone for a safety.

Ways of Playing

THE KICKOFF - A game starts with the kickoff.

FIRST DOWN - All progress in a football game is measured in yards. The offensive team tries to get as much "yardage" as it can to try and move closer to the opponent's end zone. If the offensive team successfully moves the ball 10 or more yards, it earns a first down.

MOVING THE BALL -

1. The first way is called a run. This occurs when the quarterback hands the ball off to a running back, who then tries to gain as many yards as possible by eluding defensive players.

2. The other alternative to running the ball is to throw it. Or as they say in football, pass it! If the ball hits the ground before someone catches it, it is called an incomplete pass.

3. The defense prevents the offense from advancing the ball by bringing the ball carrier to the ground.

Football Penalties

1.False Start: When a football player on the offense moves just prior to the snap. This is a five yard penalty.

2.Offside: If a player from the offense or defense is on the wrong side of the line of scrimmage at the time of the snap. 

3.Holding: When a player grabs a football player without the ball with the hands or hooks him or tackles him. 

4.Pass Interference: When a defender contacts a pass receiver after the ball is in the air to prevent him from catching the ball. This is up to the referee to determine.

Football Penalties

5.Facemask: To protect the football players, it is illegal to grab another player's facemask. 

6.Roughing the Passer or Kicker: Players are not allowed to run into them after the ball has been thrown or kicked. 

7.Intentional Grounding: When the passer throws a pass nowhere near an eligible receiver strictly to avoid being sacked. 

8.Ineligible Receiver Downfield: When one of the offensive players that is not an eligible receiver is more than 5 yards downfield from the line of scrimmage during a forward pass. 

Scoring Points

The objective of the game is to score the most points. There are four ways to score points in football.

1. 1.TOUCHDOWN = 6 POINTS

2. EXTRA POINT and the TWO-POINT

3. FIELD GOAL =3.POINTS

4. SAFETY = 2 POINTS

Skills Needed

Pass the ball

Passing requires accuracy.

Significant muscle power is required for long passes.

Block Your Opponent

Putting your body between an opponent

One of your teammates to stop your opponent from tackling your teammate.

Catching the Ball

Receivers must avoid opponents who try to block or intercept balls.

Run away from opponents to get in the clear to make a catch.

Receivers must also try to make catches.

Rushing Downfield

Running with the football from the start of an offensive play.

Ability to anticipate the moves of opposing team members.

Punts and Kicks

The scoring team kicks the ball to the opposing team to restart play.

kicker usually tries to kick the ball far.

Background,Development &

Popularityof

American Football

Many games known as "football" were being played at colleges and universities in the United States in the first half of the 19th century.

In United States simply as football, and it may be referred to as gridiron informally or outside the United States and Canada

the major forms are high school football, college football and professional football, which are played under slightly different rules.

American football resulted from several major divergences from rugby & soccer. Walter Camp a Yale graduate and considered to be the

"Father of American Football“. edited every American Football rulebook

until his death in 1925.

American football evolved from two games that were popular in other parts of the world: soccer and rugby.

The game developed in the prestigious ‘Ivy League’ universities.

In the early 1800s there were no generally accepted rules to the game – some universities allowed running with the ball while others did not.

Pro football emerged - equal to college football – after being

televised nationally in the 1960s.

Football was almost banned in 1906 after a dozen and a half

deaths (and many more serious injuries) - President Theodore Roosevelt saved the game -

convincing college representatives to initiate stricter rules to make the game less brutal

and dangerous.

In the first 90 years of football, college football was far more popular

than pro football. The game was (and still is, at many schools) all

about tradition and the many rivalries between colleges.

For 30th straight years, top as

the most popular sport in

US.In 2014, 35% of fans all

over the US continent,

voted American

Football as their favorite

sport.

Extracted from, http://espn.go.com/nfl/story/_/id/10354114/harris-poll-nfl-most-popular-mlb-2nd

Why American football so popular?

reflects the country’s culture.

win at all costs’ ethic - very competitive/no draws

In the USA sport means business - Both private and corporate business use sport to promote their products.

attracts big sponsorship - school sport.

receive top level coaching - college players

the super bowl, is the most popular single-day sporting event in the united states and among the most-watched club sporting events in the world.

“Rugby is a beastly game played by gentlemen.

Soccer is a gentlemen’s game played by beasts. American Football is a

beastly game played by beasts!”

(Baltimore Rugby Club member 1972)