amali jantung 2
DESCRIPTION
pjmTRANSCRIPT
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Human Anatomy and Physiology II Lab
Life Sciences 241 L
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Objectives
• Syllabus
• Lab 1 - Cardiovascular system (Heart)– Anatomical orientation– Composition of cardiovascular system and
position of the heart– Layers of the heart– Heart chambers, valves, and vessels– Flow of Blood Through the Heart
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Course Guideline
• Outline of labs
• Texts required
• Attendance
• Grading policy
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Cardiovascular System Heart Anatomy
Lab 1
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Anatomical orientation• Anatomical Planes
– frontal (coronal), sagital, transverse
• Proximal vs distal
• Anterior vs posterior
• Superior vs inferior
• Medial vs lateral
• Superfical vs deep
• Ipsilateral vs contralateral
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Anatomical Planes
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Proximal vs Distal
Anterior vs Posterior
Superior vs Inferior
Proximal
Distal
Posterior Anterior
Superior
Inferior
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Medial vs Lateral Superficial vs Deep
Ipsilateral vs Contralateral
Medial Lateral Deep
Superficial
Ipsilateral Contralateral
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The cardiovascular system
• Heart
• Blood vessels– arteries– veins– capillaries
• Blood
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Anatomical Position of the Heart
• What organs or tissues are around the heart?– Anterior?– Posterior?– Left?– Right?– Superior?– Inferior?
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Anatomical Position of the Heart
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Layers of the HeartSuperficial
Deep
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Layers of the Heart
• Endocardium– deepest layer of the heart
– smooth lining to reduce friction of bloodflow
• Myocardium– middle layer of the heart
– location of muscle fibers responsible for pumping
• Pericardium– outer protective layer
– composed of :
– visceral pericardium
– paricardial cavity
– parietal pericardium
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Cardiac Chambers
RightVentricle
RightAtrium
LeftAtrium
LeftVentricle
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Heart Chambers
• Atriums– Receives blood from
veins
– Empties blood into ventricles through the AV valves.
– Smaller, sac-like chambers of the heart
• Ventricles– Receives blood from
atriums through AV valves
– Pumps blood away from heart through the semilunar valves.
– Large, muscular chambers of the heart.
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Blood Vessels Connected to the HeartAorta
Pulmonaryarteries
Pulmonaryviens
SuperiorVena Cava
InferiorVena Cava
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Blood Vessels Connected to the Heart
• Superior Vena Cava– collects deoxygenated blood from upper body and
delivers it to right atrium
• Inferior Vena Cava– collects deoxygenated blood from lower body and
delivers it to right atrium
• Aorta– carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the
rest of the body
Systematic circuit
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Blood Vessels Connected to the Heart
• Pulmonary arteries– carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs from the right
ventricle
• Pulmonary veins– carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left
atrium
Pulmonary circuit
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Valves
Pulmonarysemilunar valve
Aorticsemilunar valve
Left AV(bicuspid)valve
Right AV(tricuspid)valve
Chordaitendineae
Papillarymuscle
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Valves of the Heart
• Right AV (Tricuspid)– separates the right atrium
from the right ventricle. Prevents backflow into atrium.
• Left AV (Bicuspid)– separates the left atrium
from the left ventricle. Prevents backflow into atrium.
• Pulmonary valve– separates the right
ventricle from the pulmonary arteries. Prevents backflow after ventricular contraction.
• Aortic valve– separates the left ventricle
from the aorta. Prevents backflow after ventricular contraction .
Atrioventricular valves Semilunar valves
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Heart Valve
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Blood Flow Through the Heart
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Summary
• Introduction
• Anatomical Orientation
• Cardiovascular System
• Heart Anatomy
• Blood Flow through the Heart
• Take home assignment
• Next week - Blood Vessels